Social Interaction: Communicative Approach

The article focuses on the study of requirements for communication in the social sphere and justification of their specificity in comparison with other types of verbal interaction. The relevance of the stated problem is determined by the significant influence of social communications on society and the dependence of public safety on the effectiveness of social interaction. The study aimed at identifying the types of violations of commonly known maxims in the social sphere and substantiating the specificity of requirements for social communicative interaction. Two main methods were used in the research: projecting and modeling. The well-known communication maxims were divided into two groups. The first group contains those that define the requirements for organizing the content of the message and are aimed at ensuring the fullness of its perception by the addressees. The second group includes maxims, which establish requirements for the moral climate of communication and the implementation of the principle of politeness. The data of interviews given by representatives of governmental bodies to journalists of certain TV channels and blogs, as well as the analysis of Internet news videos revealed the types of violations of the well-known maxims of communication in the social domain. The main ones are: ignoring the maxims of the second group in interviews and non-compliance with the maxims of the first group in news programs. It has been proved that the well-known maxims of communication need to be revised taking into account the conditions of social contact discourse. The specificity of maxims in social communicative interaction was substantiated.

Problem of objectivity of media coverage and TV-tickers published in main news programs on Polsat and TVP

The article contains the results of the analysis of TV-tickers published in the main editions of the Wydarzenia broadcast in the three months preceding the elections to the Polish parliament in 2019. The study showed to what extent the language used in the messages served a descriptive and to what extent - a persuasive function. In the analyzed period more than half of the texts announcing the reports were not intended to influence the perception of the events described in the materials. The results were presented in the context of the critical assessment of Wiadomości contained in the 2018 Rada Języka Polskiego report. The author's considerations are complemented by a reflection on difficulties related to meeting the expectations of mass media recipients in terms of journalists' observance of objectivity when creating media texts.

The use of modern television technology and its impact on increasing viewing of news programs on Jordanian television from the perspective of employees and technicians working in the news programs: استخدام التقنيات التلفزيونية الحديثة وأثرها في زيادة متابعة مشاهدة البرامج الإخبارية في التلفزيون الأردني من وجهة نظر العاملين والفنيين العاملين في البرامج الإخبارية

The study aimed to uncover the level of use of modern television technologies and their impact on increasing the watching of news programs on Jordanian television. The study used a descriptive and analytical approach, and the data were collected through developing a scale for the use of modern television technologies for news programs. The sample of the study consisted of (110) workers and technicians in news programs on Jordanian television, chosen by the available deliberate sample method. The results of the study showed that the use of modern television technologies increases the degree of television viewing, especially watching news programs. The study also showed that Jordanian television still uses old television technologies. The study recommended the necessity of transforming Jordanian television into the HD broadcasting technology system instead of the SD system and working on training employees on modern television technologies (infographic, graphics, audio effects, and visual effects).

Media i dziennikarze w czasach pandemii COVID-19. Na przykładzie olsztyńskim

The outbreak of the pandemic in the first months of 2020 significantly affected the social, political and economic life of Poles. It also substantially impacted the media and journalists themselves who, following the “infodemy” – the initial confusion caused by the excess of information – gradually shifted their focus towards informing about the statistics of illnesses, the situation in hospitals, the restrictions imposed by the government or on the unfreezing of subsequent segments of the economy. The purpose of this article is to show how the changes related to the pandemic and the resulting significant restrictions in communication have affected the content of news programs, the functioning of the media and the journalistic environment in Olsztyn. The analysis covered activities of the regional public television, TVP3 Olsztyn. Selected results of own and published research were presented.

Spaces of Communication

Semio-pragmatics, an approach to the study of film and audiovisual media first proposed by Roger Odin in the early 1980s, shifted the focus from textual analysis to the interaction of text and context and to the institutional modes of framing and reading which shape the viewer’s engagement with the film. A response to an impasse in post-1968 film semiotics and psychoanalytical approaches to film spectatorship, semio-pragmatics contributed significantly to the further development of film studies alongside Cultural Studies, neo-formalism, historical reception studies and the phenomenology of film. Spaces of Communication offers a concise introduction to semio-pragmatics and condenses the intellectual trajectory of one of the foundational figures of film studies into a relatively short and accessible volume. It is a book which testifies to the author’s deep and rich intellectual engagement with a vast array of objects ranging from the classics of the cinephile canon to television news programs, home movies and mobile phone films.

The reception of subtitling for the deaf and hard-of-hearing in Spanish TV news programs

The current paper presents a study on the subtitling for the deaf and hard-of-hearing (SDH) in Spanish TV news programs (live and semi-live subtitling). The aim of this reception study is to analyze users’ comprehension and assessment of live and semi-live SDH. A contemporary corpus comprising items from real news broadcasts was used for the research, and a sample of 52 deaf and hard-of-hearing participants was recruited for the experiment, which was carried out through a variety of virtual and live sessions. The results show that users consider the quality of SDH acceptable and audiovisual comprehension insufficient.

Konvergensi Setengah Hati : Invasi Konten Media Sosial dalam Program Berita Televisi di TVOne

Growth of technology give big impact to development and changes in mass media. Today, even though broadcast media like radio and television still have place in the heart of audience, however should be recognized that the existence of social media, it must be recognized that the existence of social media has a significant impact on media development. Mainstream media, especially television broadcast media, are starting to look for ways not to be abandoned by their audience. They began put in social media content into television programs. That happened on all shows in television programs. No exception in the news program on TVOne. Therefore, it is interesting to study how the transfer of social media content to television news programs is a way for TVOne to survive in the midst of the onslaught of social media. This research focuses on news programs on TVOne that take social media content into the show. We will use descriptive qualitative research using the case study method and use the political economy theory of the media.

Materialización de los modelos de periodismo en los informativos de televisión del Grupo Atresmedia: Antena 3 y La sexta

The two main heritage news brands in Spain are the television networks Antena 3 and La sexta, belonging to Atresmedia, through which the group implements a double editorial line. The main objective of this work is to measure the presence of the watchdog, infotainment, and civic journalistic roles in the news programs of these two channels, in line with the strategies of differentiated audience acquisition for the two brands. A quantitative content analysis of news published in the midday editions of the programs La sexta noticias (N = 149) and Antena 3 noticias (N = 209) during the week of 3-9 February 2020 has been carried out. To measure the presence of the three roles in the news content, 42 indicators have been operationalized, following the proposal of Mellado (2015). La sexta showed a greater presence of the watchdog and civic roles than Antena 3. For both channels, there is a tendency to put in practice the vigilance, oriented by a certain political parallelism based on the ideological profile of their respective audience. La sexta has specialized in exercising the function of questioning power and in attending to citizen demands and social groups outside power. Antena 3 applies a flatter strategy, which stands out neither for its singular questioning of power nor for being a specific voice of social groups, which provides it with a more balanced position, although not uniform, in terms of penetration by ideological groups, in its necessary search for a massive audience because of commercial pressure. It has been concluded that each news brand of the Atresmedia group practices a differentiated journalism model. Resumen Las dos principales marcas tradicionales de noticias en España son las cadenas de televisión Antena 3 y La sexta, pertenecientes a Atresmedia, con las que el grupo mantiene una doble oferta informativa. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo principal medir la presencia de los roles periodísticos vigilante, info-entretenimiento y cívico en los informativos de estas dos cadenas, en consonancia con las estrategias de captación de audiencia diferenciadas para las dos marcas. Se ha realizado un análisis de contenido cuantitativo de noticias publicadas en las ediciones de mediodía de los programas La sexta noticias (N = 149) y Antena 3 noticias (N = 209) durante la semana del 3 al 9 de febrero de 2020. Para medir la presencia de los tres roles en el contenido noticioso de los dos programas informativos se han operacionalizado 42 indicadores, siguiendo la propuesta de Mellado (2015). Los informativos de La sexta han mostrado una mayor presencia del rol vigilante y del rol cívico que los de Antena 3. En ambos canales se comprueba una tendencia a ejercer la vigilancia orientada por un cierto paralelismo político en función del perfil ideológico de sus respectivas audiencias. La sexta se ha especializado en ejercer la función del cuestionamiento del poder y en la atención a las demandas ciudadanas y los grupos sociales fuera del poder. Antena 3 representa una estrategia más plana, que no destaca ni por su singular cuestionamiento al poder ni por ser voz específica de grupos sociales, lo que le permite una posición más nivelada, aunque no uniforme, en la penetración por grupos ideológicos, en su necesaria búsqueda de una audiencia masiva fruto de la presión comercial. Se ha podido concluir que cada marca informativa del grupo Atresmedia practica un modelo de periodismo diferenciado.

Anti-racist Text and Talk: A Critical Discourse Studies Approach to Black Feminism

While racist discourse has received much attention in Critical Discourse Studies (CDS), there is a dearth of scholarship on the anti-racist text and talk. A critical observation is that the anti-racist movement, and hence, discourse, often exclude women. With the goal of contributing to this gap in the CDS literature, the current analysis examines Black women's discourses concerning anti-Black racism in general and Black Feminism in particular. Four YouTube videos that feature both conference talks and news programs surrounding the topic of Black Feminism are analysed for recurring themes using thematic analysis and discourse structures from the perspective of critical discourse analysis. Findings reveal that the primary themes that emerged are the inclusion of Black women, Police brutality and unaccountability, and Black Feminism Defined, with various subthemes. In addition, the discourse structures examined are lexical choice, presupposition, pronominal choice, and the use of tag questions, among others. This study serves to further our understanding of the linguistic manifestation of ideologies through discourse concerning anti-racism and Black Feminism.

Three clusters of content-audience associations in expression of racial prejudice while consuming online television news

It is well investigated that the expression of racial prejudice is often induced by news coverage on the internet, and the exposure to media contributes to the cultivation of long-term prejudice. However, there is a lack of information regarding the immediate effects of news delivered through television or television-like media on the expression of racial prejudice. This study provides a framework for understanding such effects by focusing on content-audience associations using the logs of an “online television” service, which provides television-like content and user experiences. With these logs, we found an association between the news-watching and comment-posting behaviors. Consequently, logs relevant to two distinct forms of racism, modern and old-fashioned racism, were extracted. Using mathematical modeling, which considers the different levels of program inducements to racist expression, personal inclinations of audiences to racism, and certainty of prediction of audience behaviors, we found three associative patterns between the news programs and audiences. The relevance of the topics covered to the basic beliefs of each form of racism was characterized into three clusters: expression as a reaction to news that is directly relevant to the basic beliefs of racism with weak inducements by non-bigots, minority abuse by distorting the meanings of news content indirectly relevant to the beliefs but with strong inducements by audiences with a strong bias, and racial toxic opinions independent of the news content by clear bigots. Our findings provide implications for inhibiting the expression of online prejudice based on the characteristics of these patterns.