Ultrasound Application in Physical Therapy of Dogs: Comparative Study

The application of ultrasonic methods in veterinary medicine, especially in the therapy of dogs, is the main objective of this study. We compared the frequency of therapeutic ultrasound using in rehabilitation as well as in microsurgical interventions of dogs in Slovakian and Hungarian veterinary practices. Regarding to the evaluation of survey realized in restricted regions, the ultrasound therapies and interventions are currently used in Slovakia less than in Hungary. Our study could start a change in this unfavourable aspect in Slovakian veterinary medicine and contribute to a better promotion of ultrasound application in the therapy of animals.

Effect of therapeutic ultrasound on the mechanical and biological properties of fibroblasts

Conventional doses of therapeutic ultrasound alter the mechanical behavior of ligament fibroblasts to improve the regenerative and remodeling stages of the wound healing process. Using a multidisciplinary approach, we applied ultrasound doses of 1.0 and 2.0 W/cm 2 at 1 MHz frequency for five days on ligament fibroblasts. Atomic force microscopy showed a decrease in cell elastic modulus for both doses, but the treated cells were still viable based on flow cytometry. Finite element method analysis exhibited visible cytoskeleton displacements and decreased harmonics in treated cells. Colorimetric assay revealed increased cell proliferation, while scratch assay showed increased migration at low doses. An increase in collagen and fibronectin was detected by enzyme-linked immunoassay at high doses, and β-actin expression for both treatments was visualized through immunofluorescence imaging. Both doses of ultrasound altered the fibroblast mechanical properties due to cytoskeletal reorganization and enhanced the early and late stages of cell repair.

A Comparative Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of Supervised Exercise Program and Cyriax Physiotherapy on Pain and Function in Lateral Epicondylitis

Aims: To see the effectiveness of supervised exercises and cyriax physiotherapy both including therapeutic ultrasound for improving pain and function in adults with lateral epicondylitis. Study Design: Comparative study- to find out the efficacy of effectiveness of two different interventions for reducing pain and improving function in patients with lateral epicondylitis Place and Duration of Study: Department of Musculoskeletal Physiotherapy Sciences, Ravi Nair Physiotherapy College, Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha, for 12 months. Methodology: A total of 30 people with lateral epicondylitis (tennis elbow) were selected to take part in a comparative research. Subjects were randomized 1:1 to either (1) supervised exercise programme group, or (2) cyriax physiotherapy group. Over just a 4-week period, three times each week for a sum of 12 sessions, promptly after baseline evaluation and randomization, subjects received static stretching of Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis followed by eccentric strengthening of the wrist extensors and Therapeutic Ultrasound in supervised exercise programme group. While those in cyriax physiotherapy group received deep transverse friction massage for 10 min immediately followed by Mill’s manipulation and Ultrasound. The study concluded at the 4 weeks. Results: Out of 30 patients half were placed in each group, where p=.0001. Significant increase in mean in the group I and II in pre ad post-test VAS score (4.20±0.77 and 5.20±0.67) and TEFS score pre and post-test (17.33±1.44 and 19.80±1.42). analysis showed significant improvement in both the groups. Conclusion: From the observations and results, the conclusion drawn that there is significant improvement in both the groups but effect of cyriax physiotherapy in the form of deep friction massage and mills manipulation combined with therapeutic ultrasound for improving pain on VAS and function on TEF scale.

Effects of 1 MHz Therapeutic Ultrasound on Limb Blood Flow and Microvascular Reactivity: A Randomized Pilot Trial

A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study where continuous therapeutic ultrasound (CUS; at 0.4 W/cm2), pulsed therapeutic ultrasound (PUS; at 20% duty cycle, 0.08 W/cm2), both at 1 MHz, and placebo (equipment on, no energy provided) were randomized and applied over the forearm of the non-dominant arm for 5 min in 10 young, healthy individuals. Absolute and peak forearm blood flow (FBF) were measured via Venous Occlusion Plethysmography. FBF was measured before, halfway, and after (immediately and 5 min after) the therapeutic ultrasound (TUS) intervention. Post-ischemic peak FBF was measured 10 min before and 10 min after the TUS intervention. A two-way repeated measures ANOVA (group × time) was selected to assess differences in FBF before, during, and after TUS treatment, and for peak FBF before and after TUS treatment. FBF increased 5 min after TUS in CUS compared to placebo (2.96 ± 1.04 vs. 2.09 ± 0.63 mL/min/100 mL of tissue, p < 0.05). PUS resulted in the greatest increase in Peak FBF at 10 min after US (Δ = 3.96 ± 2.02 mL/min/100 mL of tissue, p = 0.06). CUS at 1 MHz was an effective treatment modality for increasing FBF up to 5 min after intervention, but PUS resulted in the greatest increase in peak FBF at 10 min after intervention.