Adding hydrogen to fuel gas to improve energy performance of gas-turbine plants

The study aims to calculate the technical and economic efficiency of adding hydrogen to natural gas to improve the energy characteristic of the fuel in gas-turbine plants during long-term gas field operations. Mathematical modelling techniques in the CAS CFDPT (computer-aided system for computational fluid dynamics of power turbomachinery) program were used to develop a mathematical model of the General Electric 6FA gas turbine engine. It was shown that a decrease in the calorific value of the fuel leads to an increase in fuel consumption by 11% and the amount of CO2, NO2 in the turbine exhaust gas. It was determined that, during the freezing season and peak power rating operations, the turbine power is limited by the fuel system capacity (its maximum value amounted to 5.04 kg/s). It was shown that energy characteristics can be improved by adding hydrogen to the feed natural gas. Energy efficiency was calculated at different fuel components (hydrogen and natural gas) ratios at variable-load operation in the range between 75 and 85 MW. Instant fuel gas flow amounted to 5.04 kg/s (with 4.5% hydrogen and 95.5% natural gas in the feed fuel) at 85 MW. Due to its high cost, the use of hydrogen is only advisable in peak power rating operations to reach the maximum capacity of the gas-turbine plant. The proposed method of adding 4.5% hydrogen to fuel gas allows the maximum fuel consumption to be maintained at a rate of 5.04 kg/s to reach the topping power of 85 MW. When using this method, there are no limitations on the maximum and peak capacity of the gas-turbine plant.

Gas Turbine Tubular Coilpipes Regenerators Optimized According to the Minimum Mass Criterion

The aim of this work is to determine the effect of the elements, which do not participate in heat transfer, on the mass of the regenerator of a gas turbine plant X, as well as to define the re-strictions that are imposed on the regenerator design based on the conditions of manufacturabil-ity, placement at the facility and transportability. This goal is achieved using an algorithm for finding rational geometric parameters of the heat exchange matrix with minimization of the re-generator mass by Newton's method. It has been determined that the mass of the heat exchange matrix can be 0.48–0.58 of the mass of the regenerator. This makes it necessary, even at the initial design stages, to take into account the effect of the above factors on the mass of the re-generator and the choice of the rational geometrical parameters. A significant result of the stud-ies performed is determination of the effect of dimensional restrictions and requirements for the shape of the regenerator to be increased in its mass. The values of the geometrical parameters of the heat exchange matrix were obtained, at which the mass of the regenerator takes on a mini-mum value. The significance of the work is that the obtained relationships between the mass of the regenerator and its geometry makes it possible to reduce the metal consumption of the regen-erator and the gas turbine plant, which allows designing the heat exchangers for power plants

Technical and economic assessment of the parameters of thermal schemes of thermal power plants with a hydrogen generator

THE PURPOSE. The study is aimed at studying the effect of fuel gases of various component composition on the environmental performance of the GE 6FA gas turbine unit. Consider using hydrogen as primary sweat to minimize emissions and improve performance of the GE 6FA gas turbine. METHODS. To achieve this goal, the ASGRET (Automated system for gas-dynamic calculations of power turbomachines) software package was used. RESULTS. The article discusses promising directions for the utilization of CO2 using highly efficient technologies with further use or disposal. A mathematical model of a GE 6FA gas turbine unit, diagrams of changes in the main characteristics and the composition of emissions when operating on various types of fuel, including hydrogen, are presented. CONCLUSION. The studies carried out show that a change in the component composition of the gas affects the energy characteristics of the engine. The method for determining the quantitative composition of COx, NOx, SOx in the exhaust gases of a gas turbine plant is presented. The transition to the reserve fuel kerosene leads to an increase in the amount of emissions, which must be taken into account when designing systems for capturing harmful emissions with a dual-fuel fuel gas supply system. The use of hydrogen as a fuel for gas turbines allows to reduce not only the cost of fuel preparation, but also to minimize emissions and improve the performance of the gas turbine plant.

Machine Learning in Estimating CO2 Emissions from Electricity Generation

In the last decades, there has been an outstanding rise in the advancement and application of various types of Machine learning (ML) approaches and techniques in the modeling, design and prediction for energy systems. This work presents a simple but significant application of a ML approach, the Support Vector Machine (SVM) to the estimation of CO2 emission from electricity generation. The CO2 emission was estimate in a framework of Cost-Effectiveness Analysis between two competing technologies in electricity generation using data for Combined Cycle Gas Turbine Plant (CCGT) provided by IEA for Italy in 2020. Respect to other application of ML techniques, usually developed to address engineering issues in energy generation, this work is intended to provide useful insights in support decision for energy policy.

Thermodynamic Characteristics of Hybrid Solar Microgas Turbine Plants under Tropical Climate

The article presents the results obtained during the study of the characteristics of hybrid solar micro-gas turbine units with an integrated parabolocylindrical solar collector. The efficiency of a hybrid solar gas turbine plant depends both on the efficiency of the solar collector and the location of its integration, and on the efficiency of the gas turbine engine. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in studying hybrid solar gas turbine installations based on a parabolocylindrical focusing solar collector in combination with micro-gas turbine engines of various configurations to determine the most suitable match. (Materials and methods) The article considers four basic schemes of gas turbine engines running on organic fuel, their parameters and optimization results. The article presents the main climatic parameters for the study of the focusing solar collector, as well as the parameters of the collector itself and the main dependencies that determine its efficiency and losses. The place of integration of the focusing solar collector into the gas turbine plant was described and justified. (Results and discussion) Hybrid solar micro-gas turbine installations based on micro-gas turbine engines of a simple cycle, a simple cycle with heat recovery, a simple cycle with a turbocharger utilizer, a simple cycle with a turbocharger utilizer and heat recovery for tropical climate conditions were studied on the example of Abu Dhabi. (Conclusions) The most suitable configuration of micro-gas turbine engines for integrating a focusing solar collector is a combination of a simple cycle with a turbocharger utilizer and regeneration. The combination of micro-gas turbine engines of a simple cycle with a turbocharger heat recovery and heat recovery with an integrated focusing solar collector can relatively increase the average annual efficiency of fuel consumption of such installations in a tropical climate by 10-35 percent or more, while maintaining cogeneration capabilities.