Direct reaction contribution in the very low-energy 19F(p,α0) reaction

The direct reaction component of the [Formula: see text]F([Formula: see text]) reaction at [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]keV is studied for the data that became very recently available. This component is significant in this work using the direct pickup model in the framework of the DWBA formalism and indicate the strong cluster structure of [Formula: see text]F. The direct component of astrophysical S-factor is calculated for [Formula: see text]F([Formula: see text]).

Iron-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling of Thioesters and Organomanganese Reagents

We report a Fukuyama-type coupling of thioesters with aliphatic organomanganese reagents utilizing a cheap and easily available iron(III) catalyst. The reactions exhibit a wide tolerance of solvents and functional groups (e.g. ketones, esters, aryl(pseudo)halides) allowing for the conversion of thioesters derived from natural products and pharmaceutical compounds. Investigations showed a strong steric influence from each reaction component (carboxylic moiety, thiol substituent and manganese reagent), which enabled regioselective transformation of dithioesters. Tandem transformations combining the coupling with an additional step were observed. Our experiments provide insights into the potential of the employed aliphatic manganese reagents, such as the interaction between iron, manganese and oxygen, which allows for a smooth conversion.

Iron-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling of Thioesters and Organomanganese Reagents

We report a Fukuyama-type coupling of thioesters with aliphatic organomanganese reagents utilizing a cheap and easily available iron(III) catalyst. The reactions exhibit a wide tolerance of solvents and functional groups (e.g. ketones, esters, aryl(pseudo)halides) allowing for the conversion of thioesters derived from natural products and pharmaceutical compounds. Investigations showed a strong steric influence from each reaction component (carboxylic moiety, thiol substituent and manganese reagent), which enabled regioselective transformation of dithioesters. Tandem transformations combining the coupling with an additional step were observed. Our experiments provide insights into the potential of the employed aliphatic manganese reagents, such as the interaction between iron, manganese and oxygen, which allows for a smooth conversion.

A Hybrid Approach for the Multi-sensor Patrolling Problem in an Unknown Environment with Obstacles

This paper introduces PREFAP, an approach to solve the multi-sensor patrolling problem in unknown environment. The multi-sensor patrolling problem consists in moving a set of sensors on a pre-set territory such that each part of this territory is visited by the sensor agents as often as possible. Eachsensor has a communicational radius and a sensory radius. indeed, optimal patrol can only be achieved if the duration between two visits of the same area of the environment is as minimal as possible. This time between two visits is called idleness. Thus, an effective patrol technique must make it possible to minimize idleness in the environment.That is why after a deep analysis of the existing resolution’s approaches, we propose a hybrid approach of resolution with three components: perception-reaction, field of strength and learning. In absence of obstacles, the perception-reaction component gives to the sensors a purely reactive behavior, as a function of their local perceptions, which permit them to move easily in their environment. The strength module enables the sensors to avoid the obstacles in the environment. As regards to the learning module, it allows the sensors to get out of blocking situations encountered during obstacle avoidance. This approach, called PREFAP, must be able to minimize idleness in different areas of the environment. The simulation results obtained show that the approach developed effectively minimizes idleness in the environment. This allows on the one hand, to have a regular patrol in the environment; on the other hand, thanks to the minimization of idleness of the areas of the environment, PREFAP will allow the sensors to quickly detect the various possible events which can occur in different areas of the environment.

Control of surface radical graft polymerization on polyester fibers by using Hansen solubility parameters as a measurement of the affinity of chemicals to materials

Several key interactive and controlling elements of the graft polymerization reaction of polyester fibers were identified, and corresponding affinity characters of each reaction component were quantified by using Hansen solubility theory.

One Explanation for Two-Times Running Speed Response Due to Misalignment in Rotors Connected by Flexible Couplings

Misalignment in turbomachinery is commonly thought to produce two-times running-speed (2N) response. The source of 2N vibration response was investigated, starting with the development of finite-element models for three flexible disk-pack couplings (four-bolt, six-bolt, and eight-bolt couplings). Parallel and angular misalignments were analyzed. The resultant lateral stiffness terms had 1N, 2N, and 3N harmonic components versus the shaft rotation angle. The four-bolt coupling had large 1N stiffness components under angular and parallel misalignment. The six-bolt coupling had only a 1N reaction component under angular misalignment, while parallel misalignment showed a strong 2N reaction component, larger than either the 1N or 3N components. Under angular misalignment, the eight-bolt model produced large 1N reaction components. Under parallel misalignment, it produced 1N, 2N, and 3N components that were similar in magnitude. All the couplings behaved linearly in the range studied. Some experts attribute observed 2N response to nonlinear bearing forces produced by bearings at high unit loads. Static tests for a five-pad tilting-pad journal bearing with unit loads up to 34.5 bars produced small 2N motion components that did not grow with increasing unit load. A Jeffcott-rotor model with shaft stiffness orthotropy and a fixed-direction side load predicts that 2N response depends on three related factors: (1) the degree of orthotropy (the 1N stiffness variation magnitude), (2) the magnitude of the side load, and (3) the relative ratio of running speed to rotor first natural frequency, (ω/ωn). The 2N response magnitude is largest when ω is close to ωn/2. The side load is required to create 2N response due to shaft stiffness orthotropy. Misaligned couplings create precisely the same (very old) physical model as a two-pole turbogenerator rotor with a gravity side load (gravity critical speed). The response of a two-rotor/coupling system with parallel and angular misalignment was simulated using a time-transient code. When the frequency ratio was 0.5, the system response with the four-bolt and six-bolt coupling had a synchronous 1N component as well as a significant 2N component. Parallel misalignment at a coupling produces stiffness orthotropy and a fixed-direction side load. For ranges of running speed near ωn/2, these two elements can combine to produce 2N response.

One Explanation for 2N Response due to Misalignment in Rotors Connected by Flexible Couplings

Misalignment in turbomachinery is commonly thought to produce two-times-running-speed (2N) response. The source of 2N vibration response was investigated, starting with the development of finite-element models for three flexible disc-pack couplings (4-bolt, 6-bolt, and 8-bolt couplings). Parallel and angular misalignments were analyzed. The resultant lateral stiffness terms had 1N, 2N, and 3N harmonic components versus the shaft rotation angle. The 4-bolt coupling had large 1N stiffness components under angular and parallel misalignment. The 6-bolt coupling had only a 1N reaction component under angular misalignment, while parallel misalignment showed a strong 2N reaction component, larger than either the 1N or 3N components. Under angular misalignment, the 8-bolt model produced large 1N reaction components. Under parallel misalignment, it produced 1N, 2N, and 3N components that were similar in magnitude. All the couplings behaved linearly in the range studied. Some experts attribute observed 2N response to nonlinear bearing forces produced by bearings at high unit loads. Static tests for a 5-pad tilting-pad journal bearing with unit loads up to 34.5bars produced small 2N motion components that did not grow with increasing unit load. A Jeffcott-rotor model with shaft stiffness orthotropy and a fixed-direction side load predicts that 2N response depends on three related factors: (1) the degree of orthotropy (the 1N stiffness variation magnitude), (2) the magnitude of the side load, and (3) the relative ratio of running speed to rotor 1st natural frequency, (ω/ωn). The 2N response magnitude is largest when ω is close to ωn/2. The side load is required to create 2N response due to shaft stiffness orthotropy. Misaligned couplings create precisely the same (very old) physical model as a two-pole turbogenerator rotor with a gravity side load (gravity critical speed). The response of a 2-rotor/coupling system with parallel and angular misalignment was simulated using a time-transient code. When the frequency ratio was 0.5, the system response with the 4-bolt and 6-bolt coupling had a synchronous 1N component as well as a significant 2N component. Parallel misalignment at a coupling produces stiffness orthotropy and a fixed-direction side load. For ranges of running speed near ωn/2, these two elements can combine to produce 2N response.

Optimization of the RAPD Marker Techniques in Camellia

Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique is based on DNA amplification by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of random DNA segments using single arbitrary nucleotide sequences. It has been widely used for genetic mapping, plant and animal breeding programs, and DNA fingerprinting. However, there is no single set of RAPD-PCR conditions that can be applied to all situations. In order to adjust reaction component concentrations within suggested ranges for efficient amplification during the use of RAPD in detection of genetic variation of genus Camellia, crucial factors, such as concentrations of MgCl2 and DNA, annealing temperature (37 to 44 °C), and the use of an AmpliTaq® DNA polymerase and Stoffel fragment were examined. Five camellia cultivars, `Winter's Beauty', `Pink Icicle', `Polar Ice', `Winter's Hope', and `Snow Flurry', were under investigation. Clear and reproducible amplification products were produced with 3.0 μM MgCl2 and 30 ng template DNA/25 μL reaction mixer at annealing temperature 37 °C and 40 °C, compared with MgCl2 at 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5 μM. When annealing temperature increased, the RAPD-PCR stringency was increased, as expected. Stoffel fragment was found to provide highly reproducible results.