scholarly journals Iron-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling of Thioesters and Organomanganese Reagents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentin Jacob Geiger ◽  
Ivana Fleischer
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Cross Coupling ◽  
Pharmaceutical Compounds ◽  
Additional Step ◽  
Type Coupling ◽  
Pseudo Halides ◽  
Iron Manganese ◽  
Reaction Component ◽  
Steric Influence

We report a Fukuyama-type coupling of thioesters with aliphatic organomanganese reagents utilizing a cheap and easily available iron(III) catalyst. The reactions exhibit a wide tolerance of solvents and functional groups (e.g. ketones, esters, aryl(pseudo)halides) allowing for the conversion of thioesters derived from natural products and pharmaceutical compounds. Investigations showed a strong steric influence from each reaction component (carboxylic moiety, thiol substituent and manganese reagent), which enabled regioselective transformation of dithioesters. Tandem transformations combining the coupling with an additional step were observed. Our experiments provide insights into the potential of the employed aliphatic manganese reagents, such as the interaction between iron, manganese and oxygen, which allows for a smooth conversion.

scholarly journals Iron-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling of Thioesters and Organomanganese Reagents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentin Jacob Geiger ◽  
Ivana Fleischer
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Cross Coupling ◽  
Pharmaceutical Compounds ◽  
Additional Step ◽  
Type Coupling ◽  
Pseudo Halides ◽  
Iron Manganese ◽  
Reaction Component ◽  
Steric Influence

We report a Fukuyama-type coupling of thioesters with aliphatic organomanganese reagents utilizing a cheap and easily available iron(III) catalyst. The reactions exhibit a wide tolerance of solvents and functional groups (e.g. ketones, esters, aryl(pseudo)halides) allowing for the conversion of thioesters derived from natural products and pharmaceutical compounds. Investigations showed a strong steric influence from each reaction component (carboxylic moiety, thiol substituent and manganese reagent), which enabled regioselective transformation of dithioesters. Tandem transformations combining the coupling with an additional step were observed. Our experiments provide insights into the potential of the employed aliphatic manganese reagents, such as the interaction between iron, manganese and oxygen, which allows for a smooth conversion.

Fe-Catalyzed Conjunctive Cross-Couplings of Unactivated Alkenes with Grignard Reagents

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Liu ◽  
Wes Lee ◽  
Cassandra R. Youshaw ◽  
Mingbin Yuan ◽  
Michael B. Geherty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Cross Coupling ◽  
Alkyl Halides ◽  
Grignard Reagents ◽  
Turnover Frequency ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Cascade Cyclization ◽  
Radical Cascade

The first iron-catalyzed three-component cross-coupling of unactivated olefins with alkyl halides and Grignard reagents is reported. The reaction operates under fast turnover frequency and tolerates a diverse range of sp2-hybridized nucleophiles, alkyl halides, and unactivated olefins bearing diverse functional groups to yield the desired 1,2-alkylarylated products with high regiocontrol. Further, we demonstrate that this protocol is amenable for the synthesis of new (hetero)carbocycles including tetrahydrofurans and pyrrolidines via a three-component radical cascade cyclization/arylation that forges three new C-C bonds.

A Practical and General Approach to the Late-Stage Functionalization of Complex Sulfonamides

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Fier ◽  
Kevin M. Maloney
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Late Stage ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Pharmaceutical Compounds ◽  
Stage Conversion

Herein we describe the development and application of a method for the mild, late-stage conversion of primary sulfonamides to several other other functional groups. These reactions occur via initial reductive deamination of sulfonamides to sulfinates via an NHC-catalyzed reaction of transiently formed <i>N</i>-sulfonylimines. The method described here is tolerant of nearly all common functional groups, as exemplified by the late-stage derivatization of several complex pharmaceutical compounds. Based on the prevalence of sulfonamide-containing drugs and building blocks, we have developed a method to enable sulfonamides to be applied as versatile synthetic handles for synthetic chemsitry.

A Practical and General Approach to the Late-Stage Functionalization of Complex Sulfonamides

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Fier ◽  
Kevin M. Maloney
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Late Stage ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Pharmaceutical Compounds ◽  
Stage Conversion

Herein we describe the development and application of a method for the mild, late-stage conversion of primary sulfonamides to several other other functional groups. These reactions occur via initial reductive deamination of sulfonamides to sulfinates via an NHC-catalyzed reaction of transiently formed <i>N</i>-sulfonylimines. The method described here is tolerant of nearly all common functional groups, as exemplified by the late-stage derivatization of several complex pharmaceutical compounds. Based on the prevalence of sulfonamide-containing drugs and building blocks, we have developed a method to enable sulfonamides to be applied as versatile synthetic handles for synthetic chemsitry.

Carbon-Heteroatom Cross-Coupling via an Electronically Excited Nickel (II) Complex

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randolph Escobar ◽  
Jeffrey Johannes
Keyword(s):  
Energy Transfer ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Cross Coupling ◽  
Reductive Elimination ◽  
Aryl Halides ◽  
Coupling Reactions ◽  
General Methodology ◽  
Cross Coupling Reactions ◽  
Electronically Excited ◽  
Energy Transfer Pathway

<div>While carbon-heteroatom cross coupling reactions have been extensively studied, many methods are specific and</div><div>limited to a set of substrates or functional groups. Reported here is a method that allows for C-O, C-N and C-S cross coupling reactions under one general methodology. We propose that an energy transfer pathway, in which an iridium photosensitizer produces an excited nickel (II) complex, is responsible for the key reductive elimination step that couples aryl halides to 1° and 2° alcohols, anilines, thiophenols, carbamates and sulfonamides.</div>

Formal Total Syntheses of Crocacin A-D

2005 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 1696-1708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magnus Besev ◽  
Christof Brehm ◽  
Alois Fürstner
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Aldol Reaction ◽  
Cross Coupling ◽  
Coupling Reactions ◽  
Total Syntheses ◽  
Cross Coupling Reactions ◽  
Palladium Catalyzed ◽  
The Common ◽  
Selective Addition

A concise route to the common polyketide fragment5of crocacin A-D (1-4) is presented which has previously been converted into all members of this fungicidal and cytotoxic family of dipeptidic natural products by various means. Our synthesis features asyn-selective titanium aldol reaction controlled by a valinol-derived auxiliary, a zinc-mediated, palladium-catalyzedanti-selective addition of propargyl mesylate10to the chiral aldehyde9, as well as a comparison of palladium-catalyzed Stille and Suzuki cross-coupling reactions for the formation of the diene moiety of the target.

scholarly journals Non-Enzymatic Desymmetrization Reactions in Aqueous Media

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 720
Author(s):  
Satomi Niwayama
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Total Synthesis ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Organic Reactions ◽  
Environmentally Benign ◽  
Enzymatic Desymmetrization

Symmetric organic compounds are generally obtained inexpensively, and therefore they can be attractive building blocks for the total synthesis of various pharmaceuticals and natural products. The drawback is that discriminating the identical functional groups in the symmetric compounds is difficult. Water is the most environmentally benign and inexpensive solvent. However, successful organic reactions in water are rather limited due to the hydrophobicity of organic compounds in general. Therefore, desymmetrization reactions in aqueous media are expected to offer versatile strategies for the synthesis of a variety of significant organic compounds. This review focuses on the recent progress of desymmetrization reactions of symmetric organic compounds in aqueous media without utilizing enzymes.

A chemoinformatic analysis of atoms, scaffolds and functional groups in natural products

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joelle Ngo Hanna ◽  
Boris D. Bekono ◽  
Luc C. O. Owono ◽  
Flavien A. A. Toze ◽  
James A. Mbah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Atomic Composition ◽  
Synthetic Compounds ◽  
Chemical Libraries ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Drugs Analysis ◽  
Chemical Class

Abstract In the quest to know why natural products (NPs) have often been considered as privileged scaffolds for drug discovery purposes, many investigations into the differences between NPs and synthetic compounds have been carried out. Several attempts to answer this question have led to the investigation of the atomic composition, scaffolds and functional groups (FGs) of NPs, in comparison with synthetic drugs analysis. This chapter briefly describes an atomic enumeration method for chemical libraries that has been applied for the analysis of NP libraries, followed by a description of the main differences between NPs of marine and terrestrial origin in terms of their general physicochemical properties, most common scaffolds and “drug-likeness” properties. The last parts of the work describe an analysis of scaffolds and FGs common in NP libraries, focusing on huge NP databases, e.g. those in the Dictionary of Natural Products (DNP), NPs from cyanobacteria and the largest chemical class of NP – terpenoids.

Cross-coupling reactions towards the synthesis of natural products

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaheera Tabassum ◽  
Ameer Fawad Zahoor ◽  
Sajjad Ahmad ◽  
Razia Noreen ◽  
Samreen Gul Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Cross Coupling ◽  
Coupling Reactions ◽  
Cross Coupling Reactions

Balancing skeleton and functional groups in total syntheses of complex natural products: a case study of tigliane, daphnane and ingenane diterpenoids

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Liu ◽  
Zhengwei Ding† ◽  
Kai Chen ◽  
Ming Xu ◽  
Tao Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Synthetic Chemistry ◽  
Total Syntheses ◽  
Strategic Balance

The fruitful advancement in synthetic chemistry of the title families of complex diterpenes has stimulated and enjoyed strategic balance between building the skeletons and installing the functional groups.

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