استشراقی فکر:سرسید احمد خان اور ابوالکلام آزاد کے نقطۂ نظر کا جائزہ

One of the most consequential byproducts of Colonialism was the rise of Orientalism. The Orientalists, almost all of whom were Christians and Jews, studied the cultures of the Orient, bringing their own cultural baggage in the process. Needless to say, this generated a variety of responses from the insiders of those cultures. In the Indian subcontinent, Sir Sayyid Aḥmad Khān was one of the first Muslim scholars who critically analyzed and responded to the works of Orientalists on the Sīrah of the Prophet (P.B.U.H.) through his book al-Khuṭbāt al-Aḥmadiyyah. Another prominent scholar of the Indian subcontinent is Abū’l-Kalām Āzād. This paper examines the understanding of these two scholars of the Orientalist scholarship on Islam and compares their responses to it.

Human–Computer Interaction Based on Scan-to-BIM Models, Digital Photogrammetry, Visual Programming Language and eXtended Reality (XR)

In recent years, the advent of the latest-generation technologies and methods have made it possible to survey, digitise and represent complex scenarios such as archaeological sites and historic buildings. Thanks to computer languages based on Visual Programming Language (VPL) and advanced real-time 3D creation platform, this study shows the results obtained in eXtended Reality (XR) oriented to archaeological sites and heritage buildings. In particular, the scan-to-BIM process, digital photogrammetry (terrestrial and aerial) were oriented towards a digitisation process able to tell and share tangible and intangible values through the latest generation techniques, methods and devices. The paradigm of the geometric complexity of the built heritage and new levels of interactivity between users and digital worlds were investigated and developed to favour the transmissibility of information at different levels of virtual experience and digital sharing with the aim to archive, tell and implement historical and cultural baggage that over the years risks being lost and not told to future generations.

Postcolonial Reading of Edmond O’Donovan’s The Merv Oasis

In the context of the Great Game and in throes of Geok-Tepe War in Akhal region located in Turkomania, The Daily Mail sends off Edmond O’Donovan to make the reportage of the Russians’ colonial advancement and their clash with Turkmens, but the Russians’ ban on foreign reporters disrupts his initial plan. As a result, he redirects his way to Merv where the Turkmens capture him. His captors ironically receive him both as prisoner and a ruling member for five months. Meanwhile, he registers his observations and experiences there which later appears in his bestseller travelogue entitled, The Merv Oasis. Despite his involvement with British Imperialism, O’Donovan’s travel book has not received any critical attention from scholars of travel studies. In this regard, this article seeks to address their critical negligence by studying it in the spirit of postcolonial approach. This method is invaluable in two ways. Firstly, it discloses the travel writer’s hidden imperial assumptions through focusing on his surveillance and his description of his travelees’ diseases and their medical treatment. Secondly through clarifying the role of travel writer on Othering his travelees when he deals with their food culture and their supposedly exotic bazaar. On the whole, this reading challenges the innocent façade of O’Donovan’s travelogue and points to his imperial assumptions and cultural baggage which tarnish its impartiality and authenticity.

Ante los otros. Tramas y trampas de las diferencias

Literature is a privileged field in which to study the representations of the ‘others’, of those who, with their own cultural baggage, were integrated into the Argentine national project (a project that is mostly the product of colonial violence and the wars of independence. Many of the works canonised as ‘Argentine classics’ have dealt with the multiple representations, from heroic to vile, of that immigrant. Xenophobia, the racial prejudices of the Argentine upper class, biological determinism as a resource to justify social barriers and the particular choice of Italians and Jews as the privileged object of such prejudices constitute a very studied chapter in that representation. But currently it is necessary to question what happens in the present when the biopolitical machinery has grown in a lavish way and where positions and attitudes can no longer be attributed exclusively to class prejudices. This machinery of the present is what this essay aims to investigate.

The Concept of Family in Traditional Narratives of Tale Type ATU 1343* “The Children Play at Hog-Killing”

The article is devoted to the study of the problem of verbal representation of the real experience of family tragedies in the cultural baggage of European oral and handwritten traditions, which is becoming particularly relevant in modern conditions of the growth of information flows, a change in communicative paradigms and the transformation of social roles and value hierarchies. The object of study is the popular tales of the plot ATU 1343* “The Children Play at Hog-Killing”, considered in terms of motive structure, genesis, as well as genre forms of its implementation (rumor, short story, ballad, life of the saint, novel, urban legend). The study shows that for the traditional minds the depiction of bloody details and the elaboration of an atmosphere of horror aims not to entertain the audience, but to form a collective psychological response to such a powerful existential challenge as a bloody family tragedy. In turn, for a researcher folk narratives about fatal events breaking the structure of everyday life is a way to get out the traditional point of view on the subject and at the same time is a chance to give a correct typological scale and historical perspective for these acutely relevant and socially significant narratives.

NOVO OLHAR DA PRODUÇÃO E DO CONSUMO DE ALIMENTOS: UMA EXPERIÊNCIA DE HORTA URBANA NO LAR DOS IDOSOS E SEGURANÇA ALIMENTAR (NEW LOOK AT FOOD PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION: AN URBAN HORTICULTURE EXPERIENCE AT THE MIDDLE EAST AND FOOD SAFETY)

RESUMO:O objetivo aqui proposto foi demostrar a experiência da produção e consumo de hortaliças no lar dos idosos localizado em Cruz das Almas, BA. Metodologicamente, foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa de campo, com entrevistas semiestruturadas. Anterior a este processo foi construída a horta. Os principais resultados apontaram que os alimentos produzidos além de representar acesso ao consumo de alimentos livres de agroquímicos, que proporcionou segurança alimentar e nutricional, retrataram ainda histórias de vidas dos internos, as lembranças familiares, à memória de um tempo que desenvolvia atividades no campo. E assim, com fortes referências da sua identidade, muitas das quais, pautadas em questões subjetivas e simbólicas, aproveitando sua bagagem cultural no território urbano.Palavras-chave: referências identitárias, terceira idade, produção agroecológica. ABSTRACT:The objective here was to demonstrate the experience of the production and consumption of vegetables in the home of the elderly located in Cruz das Almas, BA. Methodologically, a field research was developed, with semi-structured interviews. Prior to this process the vegetable garden was built. The main results pointed out that the food produced besides representing access to the consumption of food free of agrochemicals, which provided food and nutritional security, also portrayed histories of the inmates' lives, the familiar memories, the memory of a time that developed activities in the field. And so, with strong references of their identity, many of them, based on subjective and symbolic issues, taking advantage of their cultural baggage in the urban territory.Keywords: identity references, third age, agroecological production.

Giving Voices (Without Words) to Prehistoric People: Glimpses into an Archaeologist's Imagination

This article describes a path to addressing the discomfort that I and many of my braver colleagues have had, when putting words into the mouths and heads of prehistoric actors, knowing that these words say more about us than they do about prehistory. Yet without such speech, how are we archaeologists and the broader public to imagine the intangibles of the deep past (emotions, affect, gender, senses)? Moreover, such words create a misleading certainty that conceals the ambiguities of the archaeological data. Are there alternative options to verbal and vocal clarity when creating imagined fictive narratives about the past? With inspiration from composer Györgi Ligeti, from linguists and experimental psychologists, and from ASMR (Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response) performers, I explore the emotive power of vocal non-verbal interjections and utterances that have more universality and less cultural baggage, using them in three diverse re-mediations of digital media from three prehistoric archaeological contexts in Europe and Anatolia.