Representando el referéndum del Brexit en la prensa británica. Análisis de Encuadre de titulares de cuatro diarios

La salida del Reino Unido (RU) del bloque de la UniónEuropea (UE) ha sido uno de los eventos políticos más turbulentos de esa región en los últimos años. El resultado del referéndum, en el 2016, supuso una fractura importante en uno de los proyectos de integración más exitosos que se han dado a nivel mundial; además, sirvió como campo de batalla, en términos discursivos, donde chocaron diversas visiones respecto a la permanencia del RU en el bloque europeo. Los medios de comunicación participaron activamente en la contienda política a través de representaciones parcializadas de los eventos, disfrazadas de noticias objetivas, que incidieron, de un modo u otro, en la construcción de opinión pública. Este trabajo estudió, a través del Framing Analysis, cómo cuatro medios británicos (Daily Mail, Mail on Sunday, Daily Mirror y Sunday Mirror) encuadraron el debate sobre el Brexit para posicionar una mirada específica del problema. Se pudieron identificar tres grandes estrategias, a favor y en contra de la permanencia, en un total de 60 titulares entre los cuatro periódicos estudiados: el encuadre de la crisis económica, el del intruso y el del proyecto “pánico”.

Violencia y víctimas: Evaluando el efecto de los códigos deontológicos en las representaciones de la esquizofrenia masculina en los periódicos nacionales del Reino Unido (2013-2016)

La prensa británica se orienta hacia una información responsable mediante directrices elaboradas por organizaciones como el Sindicato Nacional de Periodistas (NUJ). En lo que respecta a la salud mental, estas directrices aconsejan, entre otros, evitar los vínculos entre la salud mental y la violencia, así como el uso de representaciones que estigmaticen. Sin embargo, el cumplimiento de estas recomendaciones no siempre se consigue de forma sistemática. Este estudio adopta el marco de análisis discursivo de los valores noticiosos (DNVA) (Bednarek & Caple, 2017) para examinar las representaciones visuales y textuales de los hombres con esquizofrenia en la prensa del Reino Unido a la luz de las directrices de salud mental del NUJ. En concreto, analizamos los valores noticiosos extraídos del texto y las imágenes contenidas en todos los artículos sobre varones con esquizofrenia publicados en The Daily Mail, The Guardian, The Independent y The Metro el año anterior y los dos años posteriores a la publicación de la edición actual de las directrices del NUJ (2014). Nuestros resultados muestran la prevalencia de cuatro valores noticiosos: consonancia, negatividad, personalización y positividad. Estos valores sugieren una correspondencia entre la perpetuación de los estereotipos negativos asociados a la esquizofrenia (consonancia/negatividad) y la exploración más positiva de las experiencias de los hombres con esta condición (personalización/positividad). Antes de la publicación de las directrices, los ejemplos de positividad y personalización son más frecuentes en los textos de los cuatro periódicos que los de consonancia y negatividad. Sin embargo, ocurre lo contrario tras la publicación de las directrices. En cuanto a las representaciones visuales, los valores de negatividad y de personalización son más frecuentes antes de la publicación, mientras que, después de la publicación, la frecuencia de los valores de consonancia y negatividad es similar. Nuestro estudio concluye que la adopción de las directrices de la NUJ ha sido escasa y propone que, para lograr representaciones más sensibles de la salud mental, se requiere un mayor uso de detalles positivos y contextuales de individuos con esquizofrenia.

Africa's global media image in a digital world as an exclusive western preserve?

Who constructs Africa's global media image? That is the main focus of this longitudinal study. It looks at both the journalists and the news sources applied in the British press coverage of Africa between 1992 and 2017. Four British national newspapers (The Guardian, Financial Times, The Times, and Daily Mail) and a mixed research approach (content analysis and semi-structured interviews) were used. A total sample of 7027 articles were utilized, while nine journalists were interviewed. This study discovered that the British newspapers’ coverage of Africa was dominated by Western journalists and the news sources used in the articles were a proportionate mixture of both African and Western sources, especially in the quality newspapers. It also uncovered that Africa's global influence, in addition to other factors impact on the UK newspapers’ coverage of Africa. This study concludes that there are some positive changes in the post-colonial British press coverage of Africa, especially in their use of news sources, but there are still some elements of neo-colonialism and racism in the British newspapers’ use of journalists in reporting on Africa.

‘Lucky Boy!’; Public Perceptions of Child Sexual Offending Committed by Women

This exploratory study addresses the existing gaps on the public perceptions of child sexual offending committed by women. Using thematic analysis, the study extracted, coded and analysed the comments ( N = 1,651) made by the general public to nine Daily Mail online newspaper articles published from 2018 to 2019, reporting the sentencing decisions of female sex offenders, who have been charged and found guilty with the offence of sexual activity with a child. From those comments, 170 coded themes were identified, and this amounted to 3,394 coded incidences. Unlike previous research, this study cross-examines public responses to different typologies of offending behaviour; teachers, mothers, same sex offenders, co-offenders and finally those who offended for financial gain. The impact of these typologies was analysed through key descriptive case variables, which were quantitively evaluated against the prominent themes that emerged. It found that while people demand equal sentencing decisions between male and female child sex offenders, this is limited by public perception when the abuser is an attractive female and, as a result, perceived as less harmful to the child, who is not seen no longer as a victim but as a ‘Lucky Boy’. Such preconceptions fuel shame, social stigma and stereotyping towards sexual exposure and prevents victims to disclose their abuse and achieve closure and justice.

SA-HAVE: A Self-Attention based Hierarchical VAEs Network for Abstractive Summarization

The abstractive automatic summarization task is to summarize the main content of the article with short sentences, which is an important research direction in natural language generation. Most abstractive summarization models are based on sequence-to-sequence neural networks. Specifically, they encode input text sequences by Bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory (bi-LSTM), and decode summaries word-by-word by LSTM. However, existing models usually did not consider both the self-attention dependence during the encoding process using bi-LSTM, and deep potential sentence structure information for the decoding process. To tackle these limitations, we propose a Self-Attention based word embedding and Hierarchical Variational AutoEncoders (SA-HVAE) model. The model first introduces self-attention into LSTM to alleviate information decay of encoding, and accomplish summarization with deep structure information inference through hierarchical VAEs. The experimental results on the Gigaword and CNN/Daily Mail datasets validate the superior performance of SA-HVAE, and our model has a significant improvement over the baseline model.

Houses for Moderate Means

Debate about housing was continued with books of plans and photographs of houses, beginning with Daily Mail volumes of prize winning houses for workers. These were shown in plans and elevations, a form that evolved into easily read pages with sketches of houses and gardens. Others followed, including Daily Mail designs family houses, in competitions related to the paper’s Ideal Home Exhibitions. Other books, especially those by Randal Phillips, were aimed at individuals thinking of commissioning houses. His The House I Want showed a mock-Georgian house—the period’s dominant style—on its cover, while the book’s title contrasted subtly with Reiss’s volume. Some of his later volumes included Modernist designs. Such books developed a new pastime, of planning an actual house or exploring one in the imagination. The Ideal Home Exhibition extended this with full-size replicas of newly designed houses, allowing visitors to examine them in person.

A Critical Analysis on the Representation of Muslims in Britain in the Daily Mail Newspaper: Applying Discourse Analysis

The pervasiveness of mass media has become an inevitable side of our daily life; the ubiquity of the latter has allowed an unprecedented influx of information that is not necessarily value free and objective. The news that is present on our devices is full of ideological insinuations and is undoubtedly value laden. News corporations have spread enormously and reached different homes, especially with the advent of technology which permitted an outreach to distant various communities with a simple click. There are daily articles released claiming to have the most breaking and exclusive scoops of news that was not covered. Nevertheless, people find themselves overwhelmed and unable to differentiate between what is authentic and what is not. Not only that, but they ostensibly newspaper claim to have an innocent editorial line that matches worldwide media ethics, the truth is certainly a far cry from what is publicized. Every day, covert ideologies and doctrines are passed through news articles that target specific communities that either tend to vilify it exclude to perpetuate certain clichés and stereotypes about it. So this paper aims to critically analyze an article in the Daily Mail British newspaper which was written on British Muslim minorities, it address the issue of religion in a generalized way using extreme categorization, so as to infiltrate and increase division and animosity in British community. The paper uses a set of critical methods of discourses analysis to uncover hidden and even explicit messages ideologies in the article that. The analysis shows how implicit strategies are utilized to display a binary line between US and THEM. The THEM group is synonymous with extremism, irrationality and oppression against women whereas US is portrayed as a group serving justice and eradicate fanaticism and radicalism.

Use of science in British newspapers’ narratives of climate change

This paper investigates the use of science in British newspapers’ narratives of climate change between 1988 and 2016. It is based on the analysis of eight newspapers and their Sunday and online versions (Daily Mail, Daily Mirror, The Daily Express, The Sun, The Times, The Daily Telegraph, The Guardian, The Independent). We used the keywords “climate / climatic change”, “warm / warming” and “greenhouse / greenhouse effect” to retrieve the articles from the Nexis / Lexis database. To identify the articles with a specific focus on climate change, we included only those containing the keywords in the headline (9789 items). Framing theory helps interpret the process of construction of the “threat” through science by showing a tendency towards scientific consensus for the centre / left-leaning newspapers, and an instrumental use of consensus for the centre-right. These findings are useful for both scientists and policymakers interested in understanding how climate narratives can promote delay in action on climate change.

RELIGIOUS METAPHORS IN NEWSPAPER SPORTS DISCOURSE: FUNCTIONAL ASPECT (ON THE MATERIAL OF BRITISH NEWSPAPERS)

The article is devoted to the functional aspect of religious metaphors in newspaper sports discourse. The material under analysis is English religious metaphors which are studied in quality and popular British newspapers (The Guardian, The Daily Telegraph, The Daily Mail, The Daily Mirror). According to the traditional point of view, modern research of sports discourse is inseparable from the analysis of media texts, as media do not only cover sports events most effectively but also determine their assessment. Metaphors are considered to provide informative accuracy necessary for effective communication, they create images that affect the attitude of the reader to events covered by the media.