Охарактеризован традиционный подход к методике проведения практических работ по химии и выделены его компоненты. Обосновано использование блочно-модульной технологии обучения при проведении химического эксперимента, дана ее характеристика. Описано содержание модульной карты, состоящей из учебных элементов, включающих инструкцию к практической работе, источники учебного материала, вопросы и задания, входной и выходной контроль знаний и умений. Приведен пример модульной карты для практической работы в 11-м классе. Показаны методические возможности использования кейсов и кроссенсов как средств контроля знаний, их особенности для химического эксперимента. Приведены примеры кейса и кроссенса. Представлены результаты анкетирования обучающихся с целью выявления их отношения к работе с модульными картами, кейсами и кроссенсами.
The traditional approach to the method of carrying out practical work in chemistry is characterized and its main components are identified. The use of block-modular teaching technology in conducting a chemical experiment has been substantiated. A characteristic of block-modular technology is given, the content of a modular map, consisting of educational elements reflecting the content of practical work in chemistry, sources of educational material, questions and tasks, input and output control of knowledge and skills, is described. The functions of educational elements in the module are highlighted, which allow organizing the experimental activity of students. An example of a modular card for practical work in chemistry in grade 11 is given. The methodological possibilities of using cases as one of the unconventional means of input and output control of knowledge and skills, their features for a chemical experiment are described, an example of a case is given. The characteristic is given to crossenсes as elements of the game technology of teaching, which are used to control the quality of mastering the content of practical work. An example of crossenсe to the experiment “Obtaining hydrogen in a test tube” is presented. The results of a survey of schoolchildren in order to identify their attitude to work with modular cards, cases and crossenсes are presented. It was found that the majority of respondents reacted positively to the use of these didactic materials in practical work in chemistry.