Comparative histophysiological study the effective treatment of induced eczema in rats that treated with Lanolin and glycerine with Vaseline in rats

The present study has been designed to evaluate the potent role of healing efficacy of lanolin (which is also called wool wax), is an oily product secreted by the sebaceous glands beneath the skin of sheep which is have anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, skin protecting properties, a forty-eight mature albino rats (weighted 250-350 g) were randomly assigned to two groups; control group and eczema group which is induced by 99.9% pure acetone. By squad cotton and put it on shaved skin, after 3 days of acetone application the eczema group were divided randomly into two equal groups each group 16 rats, treat these 32 rats with glycerin and lanolin, after 24h five rats from each group were sacrificed, and remaining rats were treated with glycerin and lanolin for 72h and then sacrificed at the third day, the histopathology there is a lot of histopathological changes occur in tissue section in eczematous skin in comparison with control section; there were obvious thickness and enlargement in the length of outermost layer of skin, also there is fissures and cracks in the epidermal layer due to the dryness of skin and aggregation of inflammatory cells. And as well as keratinization of epithelial layer and changes in skin color, the results indicate there were optimum healing effect of lanolin group in compare with glycerin group after 72h, Showed back the outer most layer of the skin to its normal length, also decrease in inflammatory cells number.

THE POTENTIAL OF NANOCELLULOSE FROM Acacia mangium PULP FOR SPECIALTY PAPER MAKING

The goals of this research is to use nanocellulose as an additive for reinforcing agent in papermaking for reducing the beating process and the amount of NBKP continue with applying to specialty paper. In this research, nanocellulose was created from Acacia mangium pulp in water using disc refiner and made them homogenized with ultra turrax and ultra sonic as homogenizer. Research had been conducted in three variations of particle sizes, five variations of nanocellulose concentrations and 2 two variations of pulp compositions. The nanocellulose was added to the stock of Leaf Bleach Kraft Pulp (LBKP) and Needle Bleach Kraft Pulp (NBKP) for sheet papermaking. The structure of nanocellulose was determined by XRD, SEM, TEM, and PSA. The physical property of paper was determined by TAPPI standard and SNI.. The result showed that smaller particle gave higher reinforcing effect. The addition of 2% of nanocellulose (70 nm) increased the elongation by 24% and TEA by 50% while porosity decreased by 50%. It showed that nanocellulose have great potential as reinforcing agent in papermaking. It can be used in specialty paper such as security paper which requires high strength and glassine paper, which needs low porosity to reserve its oil penetration and use for oily product packaging. Keywords: nanocellulose, Acacia mangium, reinforcing agent, specialty paper ABSTRAKTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menggunakan nanoselulosa sebagai additive untuk meningkatkan kekuatan pada pembuatan kertas serta mengurangi energi proses penggilingan dan penggunaan NBKP serta diaplikasikan untuk kertas khusus. Pada penelitian ini nanoselulosa dibuat dari pulp Acacia mangium dalam air menggunakan disc refiner dan di buat homogen dengan ultra turrax dan ultra sonic. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tiga variasi ukuran partikel, lima variasi konsentrasi nanoselulosa, dan dua variasi komposisi pulp. Nanoselulosa ditambahkan pada stok dari pulp kayudaun (LBKP) dan pulp kayujarum (NBKP) pada pembuatan lembaran kertas. Struktur nanoselulosa diuji dengan menggunakan XRD, SEM, TEM dan PSA serta kekuatan fisik kertas ditentukan dengan menggunakan standard TAPPI dan SNI. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa partikel dengan ukuran yang lebih kecil memberikan efek peningkatan kekuatan yang lebih tinggi. Penambahan 2% nanoselulosa (70 nm) meningkatkan elongation sebanyak 24% dan TEA 50% sedangkan porositas turun sebanyak 50%, Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa nanoselulosa dapat digunakan untuk pembuatan kertas khusus seperti kertas sekuritas yang memerlukan kekuatan yang tinggi dan kertas glasin yang memerlukan porositas yang rendah dan untuk menghindarkan dari penetrasi minyak dan digunakan untuk kemasan dari bahan yang berminyak.Kata kunci: nanoselulosa, Acacia mangium, reinforcing agent, kertas khusus

Texas General Land Office Bilge Water Reclamation Program

ABSTRACT The Oil Spill Prevention and Response Division of the Texas General Land Office has taken their oil spill prevention efforts to new heights. Beyond assessing penalties, beyond providing far-reaching educational programs, and beyond conducting extensive patrolling efforts, their most recent prevention initiative significantly decreases bilge oil spills in a non-threatening, alliance-building manner. This new prevention effort, known as the Texas General Land Office Bilge Water Reclamation Program, provides a convenient, environmentally responsible way to dispose of oily bilge water at no cost to the owners and operators of the vessels using the facilities. Strategically placed facilities collect oily bilge water from commercial or recreational fishing vessels and process it so effectively that the filtered water can be discharged directly into the adjacent waterway and the oily product can be recycled. To date, the facilities have cleaned more than 150,000 gallons of contaminated water and generated 20,000 gallons of used engine oil for use by a waste oil recycling company.

III. Contributions to the history of the acids of the sulphur series.—I. On the action of sulphuric anhydride on several chlorine and sulphur compounds

Kuhlmann, in a comprehensive memoir on the formation of ether, mentions incidentally the direct combination of sulphuric anhydride with ethylic chloride to a liquid, which fumes strongly in the air; this treated with water yielded him an oily product, which, however, could not be distilled without undergoing decomposition. Robert Williamson also made experiments on the formation of this compound, and, from the amount of anhydride and ethylic chloride entering into the reaction, came to the conclusion that it was the ethylic compound, homologous with Williamson’s sulphuric chlorhydrate, which he also, by an analogous process, succeeded in obtaining by the action of hydric chloride on sulphuric anhydride.