PENGARUH PENGEMBANGAN KARIR, STRESS KERJA DAN LINGKUNGAN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN (STUDI KASUS PADA BAGIAN QUALITY CONTROL DI KPSBU LEMBANG KABUPATEN BANDUNG BARAT)

THE EFFECT OF CAREER DEVELOPMENT, WORK STRESS AND WORK ENVIRONMENT ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE (CASE STUDY ON QUALITY CONTROL SECTION AT KPSBU LEMBANG, WEST BANDUNG REGENCY)

Математический алгоритм для обнаружения утечек малой интенсивности

The operating principle of leak detection systems, based on registration of transported medium hydroacoustic fluctuations, appearing due to pipeline loss of containment, consists of identification of hydraulic impulse, originating in case of leakage, using acoustic dynamic pressure measuring sensors - hydrophones. However, during pumping at pipeline stationary operating mode hydrophones also register background noises, which can mask the leakage signal. To separate the useful leakage signal it is important to construct an algorithm that allows lowering the noise component of the signals. Within the scope of experimental research, two pairs of hydrophones were used, which were installed at the functioning main oil pipeline at a distance of 20 km of each other. The distance between the adjacent paired hydrophones was no more than 1 km. Leaks were imitated by draining the product (diesel fuel) in the middle of control section. Authors considered the methods of noisy signals filtration and possible methods of cleared signals processing to determine the leak parameters. Mathematical algorithm that allows minimizing the influence of signal noise by filtration and mutual hydrophone readings compensation was proposed. It is established, that the developed algorithm allows detecting the leakages of low intensity (up to 0.1 % of actual flow) in cases of stationary pipeline operating mode and pumping stop mode. Принцип работы систем обнаружения утечек, основанных на регистрации гидроакустических колебаний транспортируемой среды, возникающих из-за разгерметизации трубопровода, состоит в идентификации гидравлического импульса, возникающего при образовании утечки, с помощью акустических датчиков измерения динамического давления – гидрофонов. Однако гидрофоны в процессе перекачки при стационарном режиме работы трубопровода регистрируют в том числе фоновые шумы, которые могут маскировать сигнал от утечки. Для выделения полезного сигнала утечки актуально построение алгоритма, позволяющего понизить шумовые составляющие сигналов. В рамках экспериментальных исследований использовались две пары гидрофонов, которые устанавливались на действующем магистральном нефтепродуктопроводе на расстоянии 20 км друг от друга. Расстояние между соседними гидрофонами в паре составляло не более 1 км. Утечки имитировались путем выполнения натурных сливов продукта (дизельного топлива) в середине контрольного участка. Авторами рассмотрены методы фильтрации зашумленных сигналов и возможные способы обработки очищенных сигналов с целью определения параметров утечки. Предложен математический алгоритм, позволяющий минимизировать влияние шумовых составляющих сигналов путем фильтрации и взаимной компенсации показаний пар гидрофонов. Установлено, что разработанный алгоритм позволяет обнаруживать утечки малой интенсивности (до 0,1 % от фактического расхода) в условиях стационарного режима работы трубопровода и режима остановленной перекачки.

Fluxgate Sensors for Onboard Weighing Systems of Heavy-Duty Dump Trucks

The article reviews the results of the authors’ research on the possibility of using the magnetic field strength generated by DC traction motors as a useful signal carrying information about weight of cargo transported by a mining dump truck.The objective of the research was to find a way to determine weight of cargo carried by a mining dump truck. In contrast to the existing onboard weighing systems, it becomes possible to create a compact autonomous device that does not require integration of sensors into the body structure and electrical circuits of the truck.Problems of increasing the efficiency of measuring devices based on fluxgate converters are considered with the view of using them as onboard systems for estimating cargo weight. The sensitivity of the fluxgate sensor can be increased by increasing both the amplitude and the effective value of the voltage applied to its excitation winding. The proposed original circuit for feeding the fluxgate sensor’s excitation winding from a modulated signal generator made on logical elements allows increasing the voltage supplied to the fluxgate sensor’s excitation winding without increasing the supply voltage, and by increasing voltage surges at the fronts of rectangular modulated high-frequency pulses, as well as due to resonant phenomena. The use of such a generator excludes the influence of the fluxgate sensor’s excitation winding on the generator frequency, since the frequency of modulating signals becomes the operating frequency of the fluxgate sensor, and it remains unchanged. The increased sensitivity makes it possible to install the sensor in any convenient place in the dump truck cab, and not in the immediate vicinity of traction motors.Evaluation of cargo weight is carried out during movement of the dump truck along the control section of the road. The readings are taken from an ammeter (milliammeter), the scale of which is pre-calibrated in mass units. Measurements of mass should be carried out under the same modes of dump truck movement and with the same location of the fluxgate sensor as when calibrating the scale of the measuring device. The control section of the route on which the measurements are carried out must be the same or similar to the one on which the measuring device was calibrated.The proposed device is distinguished by ease of use, is characterised by low energy consumption, is compact, does not contain expensive elements and does not require careful maintenance.

“Relief-Retaining” Control Technology of Floor Heave in Mining Roadway with Soft Rock: A Case Study

The floor heave problem is one of the important factors affecting the stability and safety of surrounding rocks of roadways, especially in deep high-stress mining roadway with soft rock. The return airway of no. 130203 working face in Zaoquan Coal Mine of Ningdong Mining Area in Northwest China is the research object in this study. Firstly, an innovative “relief-retaining” control scheme of floor heave is proposed, which is the comprehensive measure of “cutting groove in floor + drilling for pressure relief at roadway side + setting retaining piles at the junction of roadway side and floor.” Then, the specific parameters suitable for floor heave control of no. 130203 return airway are determined using numerical simulation method. Finally, the yield monitoring results show that both the deformation of surrounding rocks and the cable force are significantly reduced. The roof falling capacity, floor heave displacement, and thickness increasing value of 0–2 m floor strata are 596 mm, 410 mm, and 82 mm, respectively, which are 43.67%, 67.49%, and 75.38% less than those of the control section. The maximum force of cables at roadway sides is 140.13 kN, about 32.54% less than that of the control section. The results verify the reliability of the proposed “relief-retaining” control scheme and can provide some reference for the floor heave control of similar roadways.

A flexible closed-loop (fcl) pid and dynamic fuzzy logic + pid controllers for optimization of dc motor

For electrical machines and power circuits to operate at high performance, it is important to control them at the optimum point. So, in this study, a flexible closed-loop (FCL) PID and PID FUZZY study is presented. Different from other studies, different controls can be activated for different positions and durations within the total operating time of the motor. At the same time, by applying four inputs for fuzzification in the designed fuzzy logic control section, 3 different outputs are provided to the PID control in three defuzzification sections. So, Dynamic Fuzzy logic interactivity is ensured with PID on load. This, unlike other PID FUZZY controllers, provides a more effective application of error and error change to the system. In the second chapter, DC motors and controls are explained. In the third chapter, designed controls and dc motor applications are made. The results obtained in practice reveal the effectiveness of the proposed system after compared with conventional P, PI and PID.

Contact Tracing for COVID-19 Outbreak in Bahrain: Resource Allocation and Use of Non-health Volunteers

The Disease Control Section in the Public Health Directorate is responsible for contact tracing amid the Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The Section recruited volunteers to strengthen their contact tracing team. Moreover, a nationwide call for volunteers was ignited in order to support the groups with vigilant case investigation and tracing in order to limit the spread of the infection in the community. This viewpoint report shares the experience of the disease control section with the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, shedding light on the use of non-healthcare background volunteers and their roles in contact tracing. The utilization of volunteers during outbreaks and emergencies helped multiple entities to continue their operations and thrived through expanding themselves into teams and units. Regardless of the skills and backgrounds of the volunteers, they were allocated efficiently according to their area of interest. This experience indicates that a sustainable volunteer pool is valuable to have, even in non-emergency occasions.

Continuously Reinforced Concrete Pavement Cracking Patterns and Properties with Internal Curing and Active Cracking

Transverse cracking in continuously reinforced concrete pavement (CRCP) develops over time and may exhibit irregular patterns such as cluster cracks, Y-shaped cracks, and divided cracks. These undesirable cracking patterns can increase the probability of premature spalling and punchouts. Ideally, a uniform transverse cracking pattern with small crack widths leads to favorable long-term performance in CRCP. An experimental field project was constructed with internally cured concrete and active cracking to control crack initiation timing, patterns, and properties. Prewetted fine lightweight aggregate was used for internal curing, and edge notches of 2 in. depth and 2 ft length every 4 ft along the test section were sawcut for active crack control. The three experimental CRCP sections in Illinois were monitored for crack spacing, crack width, and formation of undesirable cracks over a 4-year period. Internally cured concrete significantly reduced the undesirable crack patterns relative to the control section. Internally cured concrete coupled with active crack concrete produced superior crack patterns and properties, that is, uniform crack spacing of 3.6 ft without cluster cracks, 0.2 mm surface crack width, and only a small number of undesirable cracks. Active crack control produced a higher number of transverse cracks near the terminal joint (last 150 ft) compared with the control section. Moisture and temperature management with active crack control during construction of the CRCP provided a desirable crack pattern and properties that should increase the overall service life of a pavement.

Use of a Hot-Mix Asphalt Plant to Produce a Cold Central Plant Recycled Mix: Production Method and Performance

Cold central plant recycling (CCPR) of asphalt mixtures continues to grow in interest among agencies and asphalt mixture suppliers. However, one implementation challenge has been the need to invest in new equipment to produce the mixture. In 2015, the National Center for Asphalt Technology (NCAT) worked with a local contractor to produce a CCPR mixture through a standard hot-mix asphalt (HMA) plant. The mix was then placed in a test section on the NCAT Pavement Test Track with a highly modified dense graded HMA overlay. The process used to produce the mixture in the HMA plant is outlined along with the performance of the mixture after heavy truck loading in comparison with a control section with a highly modified dense graded hot-mix asphalt in lieu of CCPR. After 17 million equivalent single axle loads the test section containing the CCPR mixture is performing as well as the control section. This shows that CCPR can be successfully produced using an HMA plant, which may encourage mix suppliers and agencies to conduct trial projects with CCPR, implement CCPR into standard practice, and further justify new CCPR equipment investments.

Analysis of the formation of the methodological readiness of future teachers of musical art

The principal goal of the study is the formation and experimental verification of the effectiveness and efficiency of the model of criteria for the formation of the components of the methodological readiness of the future music teacher and their indicators based on the praxeological approach. The control section and comparison of the results of the experimental and control groups of future teachers showed that the proposed model of criteria for the formation of the components of the methodological readiness of the future music teacher and their indicators based on the praxeological approach is effective, it contributes to the formation of incentives and value orientations for mastering methodological activities, understanding the essence, characteristics and requirements methodological activity, the ability to creatively implement effective methodological activity, the formation of emotionally volitional involvement in methodological activity.

21. Mergers (2): EU law

This chapter examines EU merger control. The chapter is organized as follows. Section 2 provides an overview of EU merger control. Section 3 discusses the jurisdictional rules which determine whether a particular merger should be investigated by the European Commission in Brussels or by the national competition authorities (‘the NCAs’) of the Member States. Section 4 deals with the procedural considerations such as the mandatory pre-notification to the Commission of mergers that have a Union dimension and the timetable within which the Commission must operate. Section 5 discusses the substantive analysis of mergers under the EU Merger Regulation (EUMR), and section 6 explains the procedure whereby the Commission may authorise a merger on the basis of commitments, often referred to as remedies, offered by the parties to address its competition concerns. The subsequent sections describe the Commission’s powers of investigation and enforcement, judicial review of Commission decisions by the EU Courts and cooperation between the Commission and other competition authorities, both within and outside the EU. The chapter concludes with an examination of how the EUMR merger control provisions work in practice.