THE NEUROENDOCRINE SYSTEM RESPONSE OF 2-5 G COMMUNICATION ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD ANIMAL EXPOSURE

Background. The neuroendocrine effect on the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal cortex axis is significant example stressor of electromagnetic exposure for biological object. Aim. The neuroendocrine effect investigation of multi-frequency electromagnetic field laboratory animals’ exposure from 2-5 generations cellular base stations Methods. The neuroendocrine status evaluated by corticosterone and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) concentrations in blood exposed and sham rats. ACTH and corticosterone rat blood assessed by immunoenzyme method. Results. The results of the multi-frequency electromagnetic field laboratory animals’ exposure from 2-5 generations cellular base stations in a chronic experiment showed wave-like changes in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal function. These changes are manifested in an immediate increase in corticosteroids secretion and depression of the corticosteroid response to normal or subnormal levels. After 3 month chronic exposure there was a secondary rise in hormonal secretion.

Hyperprolactinemia and Galactorrhea Associated with Risperidone-Fluoxetine Combination Therapy: A Case Report

Prolactin is a polypeptide hormone secreted and released by lactotroph cells in the anterior pituitary gland in response to diverse physiological stimuli, principally via the inhibitory action of dopamine and serotonin. This paper describes a 44-year-old woman with depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) who called the 13-Aban drug and poison information center (DPIC). She was being treated with fluoxetine (80 mg/day) for 10 months until risperidone was added to her regimen for augmentation therapy (0.5 mg/day). Her symptoms improved within less than two months without significant side effects until she experienced painful bilateral breast discharge along with spotting and menstrual irregularity, besides amenorrhea for the previous 2 cycles and serum prolactin level of 33.7 ng/mL, presenting hyperprolactinemia. After discontinuing risperidone, within two weeks, galactorrhea and breast pain disappeared and amenorrhea resolved. Further prolactin level measurement showed the significant reduction. This neuroendocrine effect observed with very low-dose risperidone plus fluoxetine is apparently exerted through both pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic augmentation of this combination therapy.

Neuroendocrine Effect of Toki-Shakuyaku-San on Ovulation in Rats

In this study, the experiments were designed to examine if Toki-Shakuyaku-San (TSS) has a neuroendocrine effect on ovulation. TSS (500 mg/kg Bwt in drinking water) was given to Sprague Dawley immature female rats on 25 days of age and during experimental sessions. Fifteen IU of the hMG (Gonadoryl 4; GNR 4) was injected intraperitoneally on the morning of 28 days of age, and avulation occurred in 70% of rats on the following day. In TSS drinking immature female rat, administration of GNR 4 on 28 days of age results in ovulation twice: once on 29 days of age and again on 31 days of age. Administration of sodium pentobarbital (Nembutal) at 12:30 pm on 28 days of age did not block the first ovulation on 29 days of age, but administration at 12:30 pm on 30 days of age blocked the second ovulation on 31 days of age. However, delayed ovulation was observed on 32 days of age. This evidence indicates that GNR 4 acts on the ovary directly and induces first ovulation in TSS treated rats. However, TSS treatment modulates the chain of events in the neuroendocrine control of ovulation and results in the second ovulation.