Global Dynamics, Boundedness, and Semicycle Analysis of a Difference Equation

In this paper, we explore local stability, attractor, periodicity character, and boundedness solutions of the second-order nonlinear difference equation. Finally, obtained results are verified numerically.

On a class of solvable difference equations generalizing an iteration process for calculating reciprocals

The well-known first-order nonlinear difference equation $$ y_{n+1}=2y_{n}-xy_{n}^{2}, \quad n\in {\mathbb {N}}_{0}, $$ y n + 1 = 2 y n − x y n 2 , n ∈ N 0 , naturally appeared in the problem of computing the reciprocal value of a given nonzero real number x. One of the interesting features of the difference equation is that it is solvable in closed form. We show that there is a class of theoretically solvable higher-order nonlinear difference equations that include the equation. We also show that some of these equations are also practically solvable.

An Analysis of the Recurrence Coefficients for Symmetric Sobolev-Type Orthogonal Polynomials

In this contribution we obtain some algebraic properties associated with the sequence of polynomials orthogonal with respect to the Sobolev-type inner product:p,qs=∫Rp(x)q(x)dμ(x)+M0p(0)q(0)+M1p′(0)q′(0), where p,q are polynomials, M0, M1 are non-negative real numbers and μ is a symmetric positive measure. These include a five-term recurrence relation, a three-term recurrence relation with rational coefficients, and an explicit expression for its norms. Moreover, we use these results to deduce asymptotic properties for the recurrence coefficients and a nonlinear difference equation that they satisfy, in the particular case when dμ(x)=e−x4dx.

Meromorphic solutions of certain nonlinear difference equations

This paper focuses on finite-order meromorphic solutions of nonlinear difference equation {f}^{n}(z)+q(z){e}^{Q(z)}{\text{Δ}}_{c}f(z)=p(z) , where p,q,Q are polynomials, n\ge 2 is an integer, and {\text{Δ}}_{c}f is the forward difference of f. A relationship between the growth and zero distribution of these solutions is obtained. Using this relationship, we obtain the form of these solutions of the aforementioned equation. Some examples are given to illustrate our results.

Global Behavior of an Arbitrary-Order Nonlinear Difference Equation with a Nonnegative Function

Let k , l be two integers with k ≥ 0 and l ≥ 2 , c a real number greater than or equal to 1, and f a multivariable function satisfying f ( w 1 , w 2 , w 3 , ⋯ , w l ) ≥ 0 when w 1 , w 2 ≥ 0 . We consider an arbitrary order nonlinear difference equation with the indicated function f: z n + 1 = c ( z n + z n − k ) + ( c − 1 ) z n z n − k + c f ( z n , z n − k , w 3 , ⋯ , w l ) z n z n − k + f ( z n , z n − k , w 3 , ⋯ , w l ) + c , n ≥ 0 , where initial values z − k , z − k + 1 , ⋯ , z 0 are positive and w i , i ≥ 3 , are arbitrary functions of z j , n − k ≤ j ≤ n . We classify its solutions into three types with different asymptotic behaviors, and verify the global asymptotic stability of its positive equilibrium solution z ¯ = c .