Extremality of Disordered Phase of λ-Model on Cayley Trees

In this paper, we consider the λ-model for an arbitrary-order Cayley tree that has a disordered phase. Such a phase corresponds to a splitting Gibbs measure with free boundary conditions. In communication theory, such a measure appears naturally, and its extremality is related to the solvability of the non-reconstruction problem. In general, the disordered phase is not extreme; hence, it is natural to find a condition for their extremality. In the present paper, we present certain conditions for the extremality of the disordered phase of the λ-model.

Numerical solution for multi-term fractional delay differential equations

In this paper, a multi-term nonlinear delay differential equation (DDE) of arbitrary order is studied.Adomian decomposition method (ADM) is used to solve these types of equations. Then the existence andstability of a unique solution will be proved. Convergence analysis of ADM is discussed. Moreover, themaximum absolute truncated error of Adomian’s series solution is estimated. The stability of the solutionis also discussed.

Generalization of the Optical Theorem to an Arbitrary Multipole Excitation of a Particle near a Transparent Substrate

In the present paper, the generalization of the optical theorem to the case of a penetrable particle deposited near a transparent substrate that is excited by a multipole of an arbitrary order and polarization has been derived. In the derivation we employ classic Maxwell’s theory, Gauss’s theorem, and use a special representation for the multipole excitation. It has been shown that the extinction cross-section can be evaluated by the calculation of some specific derivatives from the scattered field at the position of the multipole location, in addition to some finite integrals which account for the multipole polarization and the presence of the substrate. Finally, the present paper considers some specific examples for the excitation of a particle by an electric quadrupole.

Rational Approximations of Arbitrary Order: A Survey

This paper deals with the study and analysis of several rational approximations to approach the behavior of arbitrary-order differentiators and integrators in the frequency domain. From the Riemann–Liouville, Grünwald–Letnikov and Caputo basic definitions of arbitrary-order calculus until the reviewed approximation methods, each of them is coded in a Maple 18 environment and their behaviors are compared. For each approximation method, an application example is explained in detail. The advantages and disadvantages of each approximation method are discussed. Afterwards, two model order reduction methods are applied to each rational approximation and assist a posteriori during the synthesis process using analog electronic design or reconfigurable hardware. Examples for each reduction method are discussed, showing the drawbacks and benefits. To wrap up, this survey is very useful for beginners to get started quickly and learn arbitrary-order calculus and then to select and tune the best approximation method for a specific application in the frequency domain. Once the approximation method is selected and the rational transfer function is generated, the order can be reduced by applying a model order reduction method, with the target of facilitating the electronic synthesis.

The Taylor series method of order $p$ and Adams-Bashforth method on time scales

A recent study on the Taylor series method of second order and the trapezoidal rule for dynamic equations on time scales has been continued by introducing a derivation of the Taylor series method of arbitrary order $p$ on time scales. The error and convergence analysis of the method is also obtained. The 2 step Adams-Bashforth method for dynamic equations on time scales is concluded and applied to examples of initial value problems for nonlinear dynamic equations. Numerical results are presented and discussed.

Lack of the Lower Bound for the Shannon Entropy

Shannon entropy is a basic characteristic of communications from the energetic point of view. Despite this fact, an expression for entropy as a function of the signal-to-noise ratio is still missing. In this paper, that shortage has been corrected first. Using that expression, lower bound for entropy has been investigated. We prove that such finite nonzero bound does not exist, therefore there is no theoretical limit for reduction of the effect of noise. The proof is valid for QAM modulation of arbitrary order.