KEBIJAKAN HUKUM PIDANA MARITAL RAPE DALAM KONSEP PEMBAHARUAN HUKUM DI INDONESIA

Peraturan perundang-udangan dipertanyakan kemampuannya menyelesaikan marital rape di Indonesia, sehingga dalam tulisan ini membahas tentang proses kriminalisasi perkosaan dalam perkawinan, serta Pengaturan RUU Kekerasan Seksual tentang marital rape sebagai bentuk pembaharuan hukum pidana di Indonesia. Adapun tujuan yang ingin dicapai dari penulisan ini, yaitu untuk mengetahui bagaimana peraturan di Indonesia mengatur tentang marital rape sebagai perbuatan yang dilarang dan diancam sanksi pidana serta bagaimana marital rape dalam penal reform. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif, dengan menganalisis peraturan perundang-undangan dan rancangan undang-undang tentang perkosaan dalam perkawinan di Indonesia. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa dalam KUHP tidak mengenal perkosaan dalam perkawinan, namun sejak diundangkannya UU PKDRT, perkosaan dalam perkawinan digolongkan dalam kekerasan seksual. UU PKDRT memudahkan istri sebagai korban untuk menjerat marital rape dengan tindak pidana kekerasan seksual. Dalam pembaharuan hukum pidana marital rape di Indonesia bisa dianalisis dalam RUU PKS dan RUU KUHP, di mana dalam kedua RUU tersebut menggolongkan perkosaan lebih luas dibandingkan dengan KUHP yang berlaku saat ini. Perkosaan tidak lagi dibatasi unsur “di luar perkawinan”, akan tetapi perkosaan dalam perkawinan digolongkan dalam tindak pidana perkosaan.

The Conflicting Uses of Prison Visitation in Mandate Palestine

The British who ruled Mandate Palestine established a prison visiting system that enabled inspection and oversight of carceral conditions by officials and lay representatives. In often contradictory and variegated ways, both the British and their subjects used this system as a political tool. For the British, lay participation in prison visiting was consistent with colonial pursuits such as advancing penal reform, attempting to “civilize” the local population, preserving the colonial difference, pacifying the locals, and co-opting opposition. The colonized employed prison visits for their own conflicting purposes: to advance both national goals and a universal agenda, to defy the colonial difference and to embrace it at the same time. British repurposing of reformist ideology to advance its civilizing mission was thus vulnerable to the claims of the colonized, who employed prison visiting to advance claims for ethnic and national equality, striking at the core principle of colonial difference. By examining the prison visit policy in Mandate Palestine, this article offers a pioneering approach to the political history of the colonial prison and the tension between penal reform and the larger colonial agenda.

“Yo sí te Creo”: Alcohol-facilitated sexual violence among young women in the Spanish night-time economy

This study investigates the factors associated with alcohol-facilitated sexual violence among young women in the Spanish night-time economy, through the analysis of twenty-six qualitative interviews with eleven young women and fifteen young men who frequent these spaces. Our results show how this type of violence originates, both from the perspective of the young women and the young men. The young women warn of the risk of sexual victimization associated with the abuse of alcohol. The young men, for their part, describe the tactics used to gain non-consensual sexual contact. These data contribute to showing how important it is for the legislation on these matters to have a gender perspective. They also add to the complex debate on the penal reform that is ongoing in Spain, in particular on sexual crimes facilitated by alcohol abuse.

Of Old Men, Country Clubs, and Atrocities: The Visualities and Externalities of Detaining Elderly Human Rights Violators in Chile

This article explores a pair of powerful but competing symbols in the Chilean human transitional justice process: ‘pobres viejitos’ (poor little old men) and country club prisons. The symbol of the ‘pobres viejitos’ is used very effectively by conservative elements of Chilean society to argue the futility or even inhumanity of punishing perpetrators of human right violations so long after the commission of their crimes. In turn, to victims and more liberal segments of society, the country club or ‘five star’ prison for human rights violators stands as a symbol of impunity and the failure of the Chilean state to do justice for the crimes of the dictatorship. This article examines the power of these symbols in undermining support for transitional justice efforts, as well as the externalities of the debate. The fate of the ‘pobres viejitos’ and whether to release the from even their relatively comfortable places of confinement has bled into debates on penal reform for other elderly prisoners. This mostly negative externality suggests the need for international and regional courts (or countries not in the throes of transitional justice processes, particularly delayed ones) to lead the way on the articulation of human rights norms related to the trial and punishment of elderly prisoners.

Truth and Method in Southern Criminology

What does it mean to “do” southern criminology? What does this entail and what demands should it place on us as criminologists ethically and methodologically? This article addresses such questions through a form dialogue between the Global North and the Global South. At the center of this dialogue is a set of questions about ethical conduct in the pursuit of knowledge and understanding in human relations. These develop into a conversation that engages South Asian scholars working at the forefront of critical social science, history and theory with a foundational text of European hermeneuticist theory and practice, Hans-Georg Gadamer’s Truth and Method, published in 1960. Out of this exercise in communication across culture, histories and knowledge practices emerges a new kind of dialogue and a new way of thinking about ethical practice in criminology. To give such abstractions a concrete reference point, the article illustrates their possibilities and tensions through a case study of penal reform and the question of whether so-called “failed” Northern penal methods—like the prison—should be exported to the Global South. The article thus works dialogically back and forth through these scholars’ accounts of ethical conduct, research practice, the weight of history, and the work of theory with a very concrete and common criminological context in sight. The result is what might be understood as a norm of ethical engagement and an epistemology of dialogue.