Evaluation of Primary Care Dentist Service in the Implementation of Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) in Central Java and Yogyakarta

<p>Evaluation for the capitation payment system to the primary care dentist contracted by the Indonesian National Health Security Agency (BPJS Kesehatan) needs to be done as a basis for future improvements. This study aimed in describing the utilization of dental services; the average services fee received for each type of service; the level of patient satisfaction on dental service; the dentist level of satisfaction on the capitation payment system; and analyzing the suitability of capitation rates with generally accepted rates in the area of Central Java and Yogyakarta. Quantitative primary data was collected through questionnaires by dentists and their patients. While qualitative primary data was collected by Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Dentists involved in the FGD was selected by purposive sampling by local Indonesian Dental Association (PDGI) chairman. Secondary data of independent primary care dental practice was taken from BPJS Kesehatan. As a result, 26.76 % of primary care dentists have small number of insured patients (2001-5000). Real unit cost average was around IDR350,000 per visit. Most of the subjects (73.77 %) stated that they quite satisfied with the capitation payment system, but not with the nominal value. Most of the patients (98.5 %) were satisfied with the dental services. In conclusion, capitation nominal value needs to be adjusted with a detailed benefit packages. Enrollment-based membership mechanism needs to be evaluated. Routine monitoring and evaluation meetings between BPJS Kesehatan and primary care dentist needs to be done every 3 months, accompanied by PDGI.<br></p>

Comparison of blood group based on bleeding manifestation in pediatric- dengue cases

<p class="Abstract">Bleeding manifestation in dengue cases presents due to the impairment of blood homeostasis. Previous studies mentioned that blood group O have higher bleeding risk because of lower blood coagulation von Willebran Factor (vWF) and factor VIII (FVIII) compared to non-O blood groups. This study was aiming to identify the comparison of blood group based on bleeding manifestation in pediatric dengue cases. The method used was a cross-sectional study with consecutive sampling in Pediatric Inpatient Ward Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, during March–September 2016. The study involved 86 dengue pediatric patients with 52 patients that fulfilled the inclusive criteria. The blood group, diagnosis, and the presence of bleeding manifestation data were collected from medical records and analyzed using chi-square test with p-value <0.05 and confidence interval 95 %. Blood group was divided based on ABO blood group system and based on blood group O and non-O. The results showed that there was no significant difference between ABO blood group based on the presence of bleeding manifestation (p = 0.579), and there was no significant difference between blood group O and non-O based on the presence of bleeding manifestation (p = 0.600). In this study, there was no significant difference between blood group based on bleeding manifestation in pediatric dengue cases. The previous bleeding risk theory based on blood coagulation factor was not proven based on this research.<o:p></o:p></p>

Evaluation of household's knowledge, attitude, practice on water processing, and diarrhea prevalence in a community

Diarrhea is an endemic disease in Indonesia and potentially becoming an outbreak. This study aims to describe the relationship between knowledge, attitudes, and practice of heads of households on water processing and prevalence of diarrhea. A cross-sectional survey was applied to 93 heads of households using simple random sampling technique located in Lampulo village, Kuta Alam sub-district, Banda Aceh, Aceh Province in December 2016. Knowledge, attitudes, and practice on water processing and diarrhea prevalence were assessed using questionnaires. Chi-square test was used to analyze a relationship between water source and prevalence of diarrhea. To see a relationship between knowledge, attitude, and practice of heads of households and diarrhea prevalence used Spearman's coefficient correlation (CI = 95 %; α = 0.05). Results showed that water source and prevalence of diarrhea had no statistical relationship (p = 1.000). From 93 households, 32 (34.4 %) were ever experienced diarrhea and they were used piped water 30 (32.26 %) and well water 2 (2.15 %) as their sources of drinking water. Relationship of knowledge and diarrhea prevalence has low positive correlation (r = 0.219, p = 0.035); attitude and diarrhea prevalence has weak positive correlation (r = 0.326, p = 0.01), practice and diarrhea prevalence has weak negative correlation (r = –0.256, p = 0.013). Knowledge, attitudes, and practice on water processing of the heads of households were correlated to the prevalence of diarrhea.&nbsp;<br>

Degradation profile of synthetic coral scaffold in cell culture media

<p>The scaffold is one of the factors in tissue engineering that determine the success of bone regeneration. The important characteristic of the scaffold is able to degrade gradually. In vitro study using cells, the scaffold will be exposed to culture media. Therefore, degradation profile for scaffold needs to be examined. This study aims to investigate the degradation profile of synthetic coral scaffold in cell culture media using pH measurement. The method used the synthetic coral scaffolds were prepared from denaturalized collagen (gelatin) and calcium carbonate (calcite) with a concentration of 5:5 and 4:6 weight % in aqua dest. The scaffold<span lang="IN" style="">s</span> were fabricated in membrane thick film which was then physically crosslinked.&nbsp; <span lang="IN" style="">The </span>10 % <span lang="IN" style="">of gelatin scaffold was used as a control.</span>&nbsp; The scaffolds were incubated in cell culture media (non-phenol red Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium) for 1 until 8 days, and pH changes of the medium were measured. As the result, Profile of degradation on day 1 to day 4 showed the 5:5 scaffold had the smallest degradation. The results indicated the significant different between scaffold concentration in day 1 (p=0.005), 5th(p=0.03), and 6th day (p=0.011). At the end of incubated days, the pH changed but not significantly different. LSD showed the significant differences between scaffold (5:5 and 4:6) with control and no significant difference between 2 concentrations of the scaffold. The conclusion of this study is the synthetic coral scaffold degraded gradually until the end incubation time and between concentration had different degradation profile in the early incubation time using pH measurement.<br></p>