More on linear and metric tree maps

We consider linear and metric self-maps on vertex sets of finite combinatorial trees. Linear maps are maps which preserve intervals between pairs of vertices whereas metric maps are maps which do not increase distances between pairs of vertices. We obtain criteria for a given linear or a metric map to be a positive (negative) under some orientation of the edges in a tree, we characterize trees which admit maps with Markov graphs being paths and prove that the converse of any partial functional digraph is isomorphic to a Markov graph for some suitable map on a tree.

Spectrum of discrete 2n-th order difference operator with periodic boundary conditions and its applications

Let \(n\in\mathbb{N}^{*}\), and \(N\geq n\) be an integer. We study the spectrum of discrete linear \(2n\)-th order eigenvalue problems \[\begin{cases}\sum_{k=0}^{n}(-1)^{k}\Delta^{2k}u(t-k) = \lambda u(t) ,\quad & t\in[1, N]_{\mathbb{Z}}, \\ \Delta^{i}u(-(n-1))=\Delta^{i}u(N-(n-1)),\quad & i\in[0, 2n-1]_{\mathbb{Z}},\end{cases}\] where \(\lambda\) is a parameter. As an application of this spectrum result, we show the existence of a solution of discrete nonlinear \(2n\)-th order problems by applying the variational methods and critical point theory.

Region of existence of multiple solutions for a class of Robin type four-point BVPs

This article aims to prove the existence of a solution and compute the region of existence for a class of four-point nonlinear boundary value problems (NLBVPs) defined as \[\begin{gathered} -u''(x)=\psi(x,u,u'), \quad x\in (0,1),\\ u'(0)=\lambda_{1}u(\xi), \quad u'(1)=\lambda_{2} u(\eta),\end{gathered}\] where \(I=[0,1]\), \(0\lt\xi\leq\eta\lt 1\) and \(\lambda_1,\lambda_2\gt 0\). The nonlinear source term \(\psi\in C(I\times\mathbb{R}^2,\mathbb{R})\) is one sided Lipschitz in \(u\) with Lipschitz constant \(L_1\) and Lipschitz in \(u'\) such that \(|\psi(x,u,u')-\psi(x,u,v')|\leq L_2(x)|u'-v'|\). We develop monotone iterative technique (MI-technique) in both well ordered and reverse ordered cases. We prove maximum, anti-maximum principle under certain assumptions and use it to show the monotonic behaviour of the sequences of upper-lower solutions. The sufficient conditions are derived for the existence of solution and verified for two examples. The above NLBVPs is linearised using Newton's quasilinearization method which involves a parameter \(k\) equivalent to \(\max_u\frac{\partial \psi}{\partial u}\). We compute the range of \(k\) for which iterative sequences are convergent.

Generalized powers and measures

Using the winding of measures on torus in "rational directions" special classes of unitary operators and pairs of isometries are defined. This provides nontrivial examples of generalized powers. Operators related to winding Szegö-singular measures are shown to have specific properties of their invariant subspaces.

Extreme points of the Besicovitch-Orlicz space of almost periodic functions equipped with Orlicz norm

In the present paper, we give criteria for the existence of extreme points of the Besicovitch-Orlicz space of almost periodic functions equipped with Orlicz norm. Some properties of the set of attainable points of the Amemiya norm in this space are also discussed.

Certain properties of continuous fractional wavelet transform on Hardy space and Morrey space

In this paper we define a new class of continuous fractional wavelet transform (CFrWT) and study its properties in Hardy space and Morrey space. The theory developed generalize and complement some of already existing results.

On classical symmetries of ordinary differential equations related to stationary integrable partial differential equations

We study the relationship between the solutions of stationary integrable partial and ordinary differential equations and coefficients of the second-order ordinary differential equations invariant with respect to one-parameter Lie group. The classical symmetry method is applied. We prove that if the coefficients of ordinary differential equation satisfy the stationary integrable partial differential equation with two independent variables then the ordinary differential equation is integrable by quadratures. If special solutions of integrable partial differential equations are chosen then the coefficients satisfy the stationary KdV equations. It was shown that the Ermakov equation belong to a class of these equations. In the framework of the approach we obtained the similar results for generalized Riccati equations. By using operator of invariant differentiation we describe a class of higher order ordinary differential equations for which the group-theoretical method enables us to reduce the order of ordinary differential equation.

Dimension of the intersection of certain Cantor sets in the plane

In this paper we consider a retained digits Cantor set \(T\) based on digit expansions with Gaussian integer base. Let \(F\) be the set all \(x\) such that the intersection of \(T\) with its translate by \(x\) is non-empty and let \(F_{\beta}\) be the subset of \(F\) consisting of all \(x\) such that the dimension of the intersection of \(T\) with its translate by \(x\) is \(\beta\) times the dimension of \(T\). We find conditions on the retained digits sets under which \(F_{\beta}\) is dense in \(F\) for all \(0\leq\beta\leq 1\). The main novelty in this paper is that multiplication the Gaussian integer base corresponds to an irrational (in fact transcendental) rotation in the complex plane.

Introduction to dominated edge chromatic number of a graph

We introduce and study the dominated edge coloring of a graph. A dominated edge coloring of a graph \(G\), is a proper edge coloring of \(G\) such that each color class is dominated by at least one edge of \(G\). The minimum number of colors among all dominated edge coloring is called the dominated edge chromatic number, denoted by \(\chi_{dom}^{\prime}(G)\). We obtain some properties of \(\chi_{dom}^{\prime}(G)\) and compute it for specific graphs. Also examine the effects on \(\chi_{dom}^{\prime}(G)\), when \(G\) is modified by operations on vertex and edge of \(G\). Finally, we consider the \(k\)-subdivision of \(G\) and study the dominated edge chromatic number of these kind of graphs.