GTPRO: A Flexible, Interactive Computer Program for the Design and Optimization of Gas Turbine Power Systems

A fast, interactive, flexible computer program has been developed to facilitate system selection and design for gas turbine based power and cogeneration plants. A data base containing ISO performance information on forty-two gas turbines is coupled to an off-design model to predict engine characteristics for different site and installation parameters. A heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) model allows boiler size and cost to be estimated as a function of the system’s technical parameters. The model can handle HRSG’s with up to two live steam pressures plus a third feedheating/deaerating drum. Five basic types of combined cycle are covered with up to four different process steam streams for cogeneration or gas turbine injection. Two additional feedheating steam bleeds are supported for condensing combined cycles. The program is intelligent with some internal decision making capabilities regarding process steam sourcing and flow directions and will automatically select the appropriate heat and mass balance procedures to cover a wide variety of process flow schematics. The program provides plotter outputs to show the cycle process flow schematic, T-s and h-s diagrams, and HRSG temperature profiles. An application of GTPRO in analyzing some technical and economic performance trade-offs for two-pressure combined cycles is presented.

Operating Experience Complements New Technology in Design of Advanced Combustion Turbine

High reliability and availability of current production combustion turbines have been achieved only after the identification and the resolution of past operating anomilies. Technological advances in fields such as aerodynamics, metallurgy, cooling, and computer capability have played important roles in these solutions as well as in the development of new advanced heavy duty combustion turbines. This paper discusses experiences with the W501 and the MW 701D combustion turbines and how this background influenced the design of the 501F advanced heavy duty combustion turbine.

Operating Experience of a Dry Low NOx Combustor and SCR in a Japanese Utility, and Future Developments

Over three years of successful operating experience with a dry low NOx combustor and SCR system used in a combined cycle power plant of a Japanese utility is presented. The dry low NOx combustor with pre-mix fuel nozzles was verified by field test at a NOx level of 65 ppm. The SCP system has been operated with an efficiency between 30% and 90%, and shows no degradation in 20,000 hours operation.

Feasibility Study of the Modernization and Upgrade of a Combined Cycle Power Plant

The 220MW Public Service of Oklahoma Comanche Station PACE (Power at Combined Efficiency) combined cycle power plant located in Lawton, Oklahoma underwent a major upgrade and life extension during 1985–1986. Prior to committing the project, an extensive study was performed to quantify and evaluate the effects of the project on the PSO system and its impact on PSO’s long-term goal of providing quality, economical service to its customers. This paper presents techniques used to assess these effects (generically) on a utility system and determine the benefits to both consumers and investors. This information is presented in such a form that it may be used as a guide to perform similar studies of plant upgrades and modernizations.

Operating Envelopes for Second-Generation PFBC Combined Cycle Plants

Second-generation PFBC combined cycle plants introduce additional dimensions of operational and configurational considerations over their first generation counterparts. With the capability to raise gas turbine inlet temperatures to state of the art and beyond, the second-generation systems introduce a matrix of parameters that require in-depth analysis before the plant design point can be determined. The interactions among turbine inlet temperature, turbine exhaust temperature, excess-air level, steam conditions, steam cycle participation, PFBC operating temperature, and the configuration of the heat recovery apparatus produce a myriad of possible combined-cycle plant configurations. This paper provides insight into how these parameters interact and how the correct selection of the parametric values can produce various plants of best efficiency, highest output, and simplest configuration.