Reduced Brain White Matter Integrity in Trichotillomania

AbstractBackgroundAnesthetics have neurotoxic effects in neonatal animals. Relevant human evidence is limited. We sought such evidence in a structural neuroimaging study.MethodsTwo groups of children underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging: patients who, during infancy, had one of four operations commonly performed in otherwise healthy children and comparable, nonexposed control subjects. Total and regional brain tissue composition and volume, as well as regional indicators of white matter integrity (fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity), were analyzed.ResultsAnalyses included 17 patients, without potential confounding central nervous system problems or risk factors, who had general anesthesia and surgery during infancy and 17 control subjects (age ranges, 12.3 to 15.2 yr and 12.6 to 15.1 yr, respectively). Whole brain white matter volume, as a percentage of total intracranial volume, was lower for the exposed than the nonexposed group, 37.3 ± 0.4% and 38.9 ± 0.4% (least squares mean ± SE), respectively, a difference of 1.5 percentage points (95% CI, 0.3 to 2.8; P = 0.016). Corresponding decreases were statistically significant for parietal and occipital lobes, infratentorium, and brainstem separately. White matter integrity was lower for the exposed than the nonexposed group in superior cerebellar peduncle, cerebral peduncle, external capsule, cingulum (cingulate gyrus), and fornix (cres) and/or stria terminalis. The groups did not differ in total intracranial, gray matter, and cerebrospinal fluid volumes.ConclusionsChildren who had anesthesia and surgery during infancy showed broadly distributed, decreased white matter integrity and volume. Although the findings may be related to anesthesia and surgery during infancy, other explanations are possible.

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CACNA1C Genomewide Supported Psychosis Genetic Variation Affects Cortical Brain White Matter Integrity in Chinese Patients With Schizophrenia

The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry ◽

10.4088/jcp.13m08777 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 75 (11) ◽

pp. e1284-e1290 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Puay San Woon ◽

Min Yi Sum ◽

Carissa Nadia Kuswanto ◽

Guo Liang Yang ◽

Yih Yian Sitoh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variation ◽

White Matter ◽

White Matter Integrity ◽

Chinese Patients ◽

Brain White Matter

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Associations Between Screen-Based Media Use and Brain White Matter Integrity in Preschool-Aged Children

JAMA Pediatrics ◽

10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.3869 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 174 (1) ◽

pp. e193869 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

John S. Hutton ◽

Jonathan Dudley ◽

Tzipi Horowitz-Kraus ◽

Tom DeWitt ◽

Scott K. Holland

Keyword(s):

White Matter ◽

Media Use ◽

White Matter Integrity ◽

Brain White Matter ◽

Preschool Aged Children

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An inverse relationship between serum macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 levels and brain white matter integrity in community-dwelling older individuals

Psychoneuroendocrinology ◽

10.1016/j.psyneuen.2015.07.610 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 62 ◽

pp. 80-88 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Jiyang Jiang ◽

Julian N. Trollor ◽

David A. Brown ◽

John D. Crawford ◽

Anbupalam Thalamuthu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

White Matter ◽

Inverse Relationship ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

White Matter Integrity ◽

Older Individuals ◽

Brain White Matter

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POOR SLEEP QUALITY IS RELATED TO DECREASED WHITE MATTER INTEGRITY IN BRAIN NOCICEPTIVE PATHWAYS IN OLDER ADULTS

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igz038.1343 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S367-S368

Author(s):

Anna R Egbert ◽

Ryan S Falck ◽

John R Best ◽

Linda Li ◽

Lynne Feehan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

White Matter ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Sleep Efficiency ◽

Sensor Data ◽

White Matter Integrity ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Accelerometer Data ◽

Poor Sleep Quality ◽

Brain White Matter

Abstract Poor sleep quality, decreased physical activity (PA) and increased sedentary behavior (SB) are common characteristics of older adults. Notably, these factors play an important role in brain health. We examined the relationship between sleep quality, PA, SB and brain white matter integrity (WM) in older adults with osteoarthritis (OA). We retained data on 16 participants (mean age 60, SD=7.7) from a larger Monitor-OA cohort recruited from Metro Vancouver, BC, Canada. Sleep efficiency and duration, amount of time spent on PA and SB daily over a period of one week was acquired with an objective measure – the multi-sensor monitor SenseWear Mini which integrates tri-axial accelerometer data, physiological sensor data and personal demographic information. Brain WM tractography was calculated from fractional anisotropy data obtained with diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging. Voxelwise group-level statistics examined the effects of our variables of interest on the integrity of brain WM tracts while controlling for participants age. We found that lower sleep efficiency was related to decreased integrity in WM tracts of frontal, temporal lobes, precuneus and thalamus (Bonferroni corrected p<0.05). Shorter sleep was related to lower WM integrity in frontal regions, posterior cingulate and insula radiations (Bonferroni corrected p<0.05). No significant effects were noted for PA or SB. The identified brain regions are involved in sleep processes but further overlap with the nociceptive brain network. Our findings suggest that neural mechanisms related to sleep disturbance may also involve pain-related processing in older adults.

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Higher Blood Pressure Partially Links Greater Adiposity to Reduced Brain White Matter Integrity

American Journal of Hypertension ◽

10.1093/ajh/hpw026 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 29 (9) ◽

pp. 1029-1037 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Ben Allen ◽

Matthew F. Muldoon ◽

Peter J. Gianaros ◽

J. Richard Jennings

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

White Matter ◽

White Matter Integrity ◽

Brain White Matter

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PPAR-gamma agonist pioglitazone modifies craving intensity and brain white matter integrity in patients with primary cocaine use disorder: a double-blind randomized controlled pilot trial

Addiction ◽

10.1111/add.13868 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 112 (10) ◽

pp. 1861-1868 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Joy M. Schmitz ◽

Charles E. Green ◽

Khader M. Hasan ◽

Jessica Vincent ◽

Robert Suchting ◽

...

Keyword(s):

White Matter ◽

Pilot Trial ◽

Ppar Gamma ◽

White Matter Integrity ◽

Double Blind ◽

Cocaine Use ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Brain White Matter ◽

Ppar Gamma Agonist

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Reduced default mode network connectivity relative to white matter integrity is associated with poor cognitive outcomes in patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus

BMC Neurology ◽

10.1186/s12883-021-02389-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Shigenori Kanno ◽

Kun-ichi Ogawa ◽

Hiroaki Kikuchi ◽

Masako Toyoshima ◽

Nobuhito Abe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

White Matter ◽

Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus ◽

Default Mode Network ◽

Normal Pressure ◽

Cognitive Outcomes ◽

White Matter Integrity ◽

Default Mode ◽

Shunt Placement ◽

Immediate Recall ◽

Brain White Matter

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to investigate whether default mode network (DMN) connectivity and brain white matter integrity at baseline were associated with severe cognitive impairments at baseline and poor cognitive outcomes after shunt placement in patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH). Methods Twenty consecutive patients with iNPH whose symptoms were followed for 6 months after shunt placement and 10 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled. DMN connectivity and brain white matter integrity at baseline in the patients with iNPH and HCs were detected by using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with independent component analysis and diffusion tensor imaging, respectively, and these MRI indexes were compared between the patients with iNPH and HCs. Performance on neuropsychological tests for memory and executive function and on the gait test was assessed in the patients with iNPH at baseline and 6 months after shunt placement. We divided the patients with iNPH into the relatively preserved and reduced DMN connectivity groups using the MRI indexes for DMN connectivity and brain white matter integrity, and the clinical measures were compared between the relatively preserved and reduced DMN connectivity groups. Results Mean DMN connectivity in the iNPH group was significantly lower than that in the HC group and was significantly positively correlated with Rey auditory verbal learning test (RAVLT) immediate recall scores and frontal assessment battery (FAB) scores. Mean fractional anisotropy of the whole-brain white matter skeleton in the iNPH group was significantly lower than that in the HC group. The reduced DMN connectivity group showed significantly worse performance on the RAVLT at baseline and significantly worse improvement in the RAVLT immediate recall and recognition scores and the FAB scores than the preserved DMN connectivity group. Moreover, the RAVLT recognition score highly discriminated patients with relatively preserved DMN connectivity from those with relatively reduced DMN connectivity. Conclusions Our findings indicated that iNPH patients with reduced DMN connectivity relative to the severity of brain white matter disruption have severe memory deficits at baseline and poorer cognitive outcomes after shunt placement. However, further larger-scale studies are needed to confirm these findings.

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Effects of polygenic risk of schizophrenia on interhemispheric callosal white matter integrity and frontotemporal functional connectivity in first-episode schizophrenia

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291721004840 ◽

2022 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Wenjun Su ◽

Aihua Yuan ◽

Yingying Tang ◽

Lihua Xu ◽

Yanyan Wei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

White Matter ◽

Functional Connectivity ◽

White Matter Integrity ◽

First Episode ◽

Polygenic Risk Score ◽

Polygenic Inheritance ◽

Polygenic Risk ◽

Corona Radiata ◽

Brain White Matter ◽

First Episode Schizophrenia

Abstract Background Schizophrenia is a severely debilitating psychiatric disorder with high heritability and polygenic architecture. A higher polygenic risk score for schizophrenia (SzPRS) has been associated with smaller gray matter volume, lower activation, and decreased functional connectivity (FC). However, the effect of polygenic inheritance on the brain white matter microstructure has only been sparsely reported. Methods Eighty-four patients with first-episode schizophrenia (FES) patients and ninety-three healthy controls (HC) with genetics, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data were included in our study. We investigated impaired white matter integrity as measured by fractional anisotropy (FA) in the FES group, further examined the effect of SzPRS on white matter FA and FC in the regions connected by SzPRS-related white matter tracts. Results Decreased FA was observed in FES in many commonly identified regions. Among these regions, we observed that in the FES group, but not the HC group, SzPRS was negatively associated with the mean FA in the genu and body of corpus callosum, right anterior corona radiata, and right superior corona radiata. Higher SzPRS was also associated with lower FCs between the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG)–left inferior temporal gyrus (ITG), right IFG–left ITG, right IFG–left middle frontal gyrus (MFG), and right IFG–right MFG in the FES group. Conclusion Higher polygenic risks are linked with disrupted white matter integrity and FC in patients with schizophrenia. These correlations are strongly driven by the interhemispheric callosal fibers and the connections between frontotemporal regions.

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