scholarly journals Diffusion-Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging Detects Normal-Appearing White Matter Damage Unrelated to Short-term Disease Activity in Patients at the Earliest Clinical Stage of Multiple Sclerosis

2005 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Gallo ◽  
Marco Rovaris ◽  
Roberto Riva ◽  
Angelo Ghezzi ◽  
Beatrice Benedetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Short Term ◽  
White Matter Damage ◽  
Normal Appearing White Matter

Diffusion tensor imaging abnormalities in depressed multiple sclerosis patients

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Feinstein ◽  
P. O'Connor ◽  
N. Akbar ◽  
L. Moradzadeh ◽  
CJM Scott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Mean Diffusivity ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Normal Appearing White Matter

Depression is common in patients with multiple sclerosis, but to date no studies have explored diffusion tensor imaging indices associated with mood change. This study aimed to determine cerebral correlates of depression in multiple sclerosis patients using diffusion tensor imaging. Sixty-two subjects with multiple sclerosis were assessed for depression with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II). All subjects underwent magnetic resonance imaging. Whole brain and regional volumes were calculated for lesions (hyper/hypointense) and normal-appearing white and grey matter. Fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity were calculated for each brain region. Magnetic resonance imaging comparisons were undertaken between depressed (Beck Depression Inventory ≥19) and non-depressed subjects. Depressed subjects (n = 30) had a higher hypointense lesion volume in the right medial inferior frontal region, a smaller normal-appearing white matter volume in the left superior frontal region, and lower fractional anisotropy and higher mean diffusivity in the left anterior temporal normal-appearing white matter and normal-appearing grey matter regions, respectively. Depressed subjects also had higher mean diffusivity in right inferior frontal hyperintense lesions. Magnetic resonance imaging variables contributed to 43% of the depression variance. We conclude that the presence of more marked diffusion tensor imaging abnormalities in the normal-appearing white matter and normal-appearing grey matter of depressed subjects highlights the importance of more subtle measures of structural brain change in the pathogenesis of depression.

scholarly journals Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis and its Relationship with Disability

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ş. Temel ◽  
H.D. Kekliğkoğlu ◽  
G. Vural ◽  
O. Deniz ◽  
K. Ercan
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Water Diffusion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Significant Difference

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DTI) can yield important information on the in vivo pathological processes affecting water diffusion. The aim of this study was to quantitatively define water diffusion in normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) distant from the plaque, in the plaque, and around the plaque, and to investigate the correlation of these changes with clinical disability. Conventional MRI and DTI scans were conducted in 30 patients with MS and 15 healthy individuals. Fractional anisotropy maps and visible diffusion coefficients were created and integrated with T2-weighted images. Regions of interest (ROIs) were placed on the plaques on the same side, white matter around the plaques and NAWM on the opposite side. Only the white matter of healthy individuals in the control group, and FA and ADC values were obtained for comparison. The highest FA and lowest ADC were detected in the control group at the periventricular region, cerebellar peduncle and at all ROIs irrespective of location. There was a significant difference in comparison to the control group at all ROIs in patients with MS (p < 0.001 for all comparisons). No significant correlation between diffusion parameters and expanded disability state scale (EDSS) scores was found in patients with MS. DTI may provide more accurate information on the damage due to the illness, compared to T2A sequences, but this damage may not be correlated with the clinical disability measured by EDSS score.

P1-198: White matter damage in posterior cortical atrophy assessed in vivo using diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (4S_Part_5) ◽  
pp. P176-P177
Author(s):  
Shiva Keihaninejad ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Tim Shakespeare ◽  
Natalie Ryan ◽  
Ian Malone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Cortical Atrophy ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Posterior Cortical Atrophy ◽  
White Matter Damage

Microstructural magnetic resonance imaging of cortical lesions in multiple sclerosis

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 418-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Filippi ◽  
P Preziosa ◽  
E Pagani ◽  
M Copetti ◽  
S Mesaros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Neuronal Damage ◽  
Lesion Volume ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Cortical Lesions ◽  
Resonance Imaging

Background: Pathologic and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have shown that cortical lesions (CLs) are a frequent finding in multiple sclerosis (MS). Objective: To quantify microstructural damage in CLs and normal appearing (NA) cortex in relapse-onset MS patients at different stages of the disease. Methods: Brain double inversion recovery (DIR), diffusion tensor (DT) MRI and 3D T1-weighted scans were acquired from 35 relapsing–remitting (RR) patients, 23 secondary progressive (SP) patients, 12 benign (B) MS patients and 41 healthy controls (HC). Diffusivity values in CLs, cortex, white matter (WM) lesions and normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) were assessed. Results: Compared to HC, MS patients had a significantly lower fractional anisotropy (FA) and higher mean diffusivity (MD) in the cortex and NAWM. CLs had higher FA vs HC cortex and vs patients’ cortex. Compared to RRMS patients, SPMS patients had higher WM lesion volume, higher MD in the cortex, and more severe damage to the NAWM and WM lesions. Compared to SPMS patients, BMS patients had lower MD and FA of CLs. Damage in other compartments was similar between SPMS and BMS patients. Damage in CLs had a high power to discriminate BMS from SPMS (area under the curve: 79–91%), with high specificity (85%), sensitivity (100%) and accuracy (90%). Conclusions: Microstructural imaging features of CLs differ from those of WM lesions and are likely to reflect neuronal damage and microglial activation. The nature and extent of CL damage can be used to help distinguish the different MS clinical phenotypes.

Advanced magnetic resonance imaging of neuromyelitis optica: a multiparametric approach

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 817-824 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Pichiecchio ◽  
E Tavazzi ◽  
G Poloni ◽  
M Ponzio ◽  
F Palesi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Voxel Based Morphometry ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Normal Appearing White Matter

Background: Several authors have used advanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques to investigate whether patients with neuromyelitis optica (NMO) have occult damage in normal-appearing brain tissue, similarly to multiple sclerosis (MS). To date, the literature contains no data derived from the combined use of several advanced MRI techniques in the same NMO subjects. Objective: We set out to determine whether occult damage could be detected in the normal-appearing brain tissue of a small group of patients with NMO using a multiparametric MRI approach. Methods: Eight female patients affected by NMO (age range 44–58 years) and seven sex- and age-matched healthy controls were included. The techniques used on a 1.5 T MRI imaging scanner were magnetization transfer imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, tract-based spatial statistics, spectroscopy and voxel-based morphometry in order to analyse normal-appearing white matter and normal-appearing grey matter. Results: Structural and metabolic parameters showed no abnormalities in normal-appearing white matter of patients with NMO. Conversely, tract-based spatial statistics demonstrated a selective alteration of the optic pathways and the lateral geniculate nuclei. Diffusion tensor imaging values in the normal-appearing grey matter were found to be significantly different in the patients with NMO versus the healthy controls. Moreover, voxel-based morphometry analysis demonstrated a significant density and volume reduction of the sensorimotor cortex and the visual cortex. Conclusions: Our data disclosed occult structural damage in the brain of patients with NMO, predominantly involving regions connected with motor and visual systems. This damage seems to be the direct consequence of transsynaptic degeneration triggered by lesions of the optic nerve and spine.

Progressive change in primary progressive multiple sclerosis normal-appearing white matter: a serial diffusion magnetic resonance imaging study

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Schmierer ◽  
Daniel R Altmann ◽  
Nadja Kassim ◽  
Hagen Kitzler ◽  
Christian M Kerskens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Progressive Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Water Diffusion ◽  
Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Normal Appearing White Matter

In spite of marked disability, patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) display smaller lesion volumes on conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) compared with other forms of multiple sclerosis (MS). Hence, damage to the normal-appear ing brain tissue (NA BT) may play an important role in explaining the patho genesis of disability in PPMS. Diffusion-weighted MRI (DW-MRI) probes water diffusion in vivo that can be altered by patho logic changes. Using DW-MRI we investigated diffusion in the NA BT of 15 patients with PPMS over one year. The average apparent diffusion coefficient (A DC av) was measured in 10 regions of interest located in the normal- appearing thalamus and the normal-appearing white matter (NAWM). Six healthy subjects served as a reference. In contrast to healthy subjects, patients with PPMS showed an increment within 12 months of the A DC av in NAWM which was associated with an increase of the T2- and T1-lesion volumes. The A DC av in frontal NAWM was associated with disability as measured by the MS Functio nal C omposite Measure. Serial DW-MRI depicts progressive changes in the NAWM of patients with PPMS. O ur preliminary findings suggest that the processes causing structural damage in NAWM and lesions in patients with PPMS are partially linked and that changes of water diffusion in NAWM depicted by DW-MRI are clinically relevant.

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