Author(s):  
Ronald W Sarver ◽  
David J Almy ◽  
Eric R Bergeron ◽  
Benjamin F Strong ◽  
Brent A Steiner ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Many food recalls are related to the presence of undeclared allergens and microorganisms in food products. To reduce these occurrences, portable diagnostic assay kits are available to quantitate mycotoxins, to detect allergens and gluten in foods and on environmental surfaces, and for sanitation monitoring. Objective This article reviews diagnostic kits that can detect sources of contamination in food and ingredients as well as on surfaces and clean-in-place rinses. Method Mycotoxins and gluten were detected using lateral flow diagnostic assays. Sanitation monitoring of surfaces was completed using a chemiluminescent assay to detect adenosine 5′-triphosphate disodium salt hydrate (ATP) and another assay to detect protein. Results Gluten was detected at 10 ppm in spiked commodities and on wet and dry surfaces at 2.5 µg/100cm2. Deoxynivalenol was quantitated in dry distillers grains plus solubles and mean results were within two SDs of those determined by HPLC. The chemiluminescent assay had an LOD of 6 fmol of ATP and was able to detect a 1:10 000 dilution of orange juice from surfaces. The protein assay detected 5 µg of bovine serum albumin (BSA) directly applied to the sampler, 100 µg of BSA on surfaces, and detected 1:10 dilutions of Greek yogurt and raw beef from surfaces. Conclusions Portable diagnostic kits evaluated in this work provided accurate, rapid, and sensitive results for detection of mycotoxins, gluten, proteins, and ATP. These methods can be used in facilities with minimal training and provide results that are important to ensure food safety. Highlights Portable methods to detect gluten, mycotoxins, proteins, and ATP are presented.


2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Takemura ◽  
Midori Okabe

AbstractScientists worldwide have been unable to replicate the stimulus-triggered acquisition of pluripotency (STAP) cells and/or the STAP phenomenon. However, investigations into STAP cells and/or the STAP phenomenon by RIKEN CDB in Japan found that ATP (adenosine 5’-triphosphate disodium salt hydrate) can upregulate Oct3/4 (POU5F1: POU domain, class 5, transcription factor 1) and Nanog mRNA expression in mouse hepatocytes.On the other hand, no studies have investigated whether ATP can contribute to human blastocyst development. Here we show the reactivation of reprogramming factors within human blastocysts by appropriate ATP treatment (1 mM for 2 days) can contribute to human blastocyst development.In conclusion, although ATP treatment could not replicate STAP cells and/or the STAP phenomenon by scientists worldwide, appropriate ATP treatment (1 mM for 2 days) in cultured human blastocysts with totipotency would be helpful for infertility women.


Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (22) ◽  
pp. 6927
Author(s):  
Xinling Zeng ◽  
Qing Zhou ◽  
Liyan Wang ◽  
Xiaoxian Zhu ◽  
Kuiyan Cui ◽  
...  

It is important to detect thrombin due to its physiological and pathological roles, where rapid and simple analytical approaches are needed. In this study, an aptasensor based on fluorescence attenuation kinetics for the detection of thrombin is presented, which incorporates the features of stilbene and aptamer. We designed and synthesized an aptasensor by one-step coupling of stilbene compound and aptamer, which employed the adaptive binding of the aptamer with thrombin to cause a change in stilbene fluorescence attenuation kinetics. The sensor realized detection of thrombin by monitoring the variation in apparent fluorescence attenuation rate constant (kapp), which could be further used for probing of enzyme–aptamer binding. In comprehensive studies, the developed aptasensor presented satisfactory performance on repeatability, specificity, and regeneration capacity, which realized rapid sensing (10 s) with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.205 μM. The strategy was successful across seven variants of thrombin aptasensors, with tunable kapp depending on the SITS (4-Acetamido-4′-isothiocyanato-2,2′-stilbenedisulfonic acid disodium salt hydrate) grafting site. Analyte detection mode was demonstrated in diluted serum, requiring no separation or washing steps. The new sensing mode for thrombin detection paves a way for high-throughput kinetic-based sensors for exploiting aptamers targeted at clinically relevant proteins.


1969 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 1258-1262 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Sharma ◽  
J. P. Tandon

Potentiometric studies are described for mixed ligand complex formation of copper(II) with iminodiacetic acid (IMDA) as primary ligand and certain hydroxy acids, such as salicylic acid (SA), 5-sulphosalicylic acid (SSA), tiron (3.5-pyrocatechol disulphonic acid PDS) and chromotropic salt (3,6-disulpho-1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene disodium salt CS) as secondary ligands. The pH titrations of the reaction mixtures containing copper nitrate, iminodiacetic acid and one of the secondary ligands in equimolar concentrations indicated the formation of 1:1:1 mixed ligand complex. From the nature of the titration curves it appears that in the lower buffer region 1:1 copper (II) -iminodiacetic acid complex is initially formed and the formation of mixed ligand complex takes place only after the combination with the primary ligand is complete. However, in the case of Cu (II) -IMDA-HQSA system it appears that the mixed ligand complex is not formed stepwise, but the chelation with both the ligands takes place simultaneously. The formation constants (log K) of the mixed ligand chelates of Cu (II) -IMDA-SA. Cu (II)-IMDA-SSA. Cu (II) -IMDA-Tiron and Cu (II) -IMDA-CS system have been calculated. All the titrations were carried out at room temperature (25±1°C) using 5 × 10 3 м concentration of metal and ligand ions (μ= 0.1) with the help of potassium nitrate.


1980 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. González Vílchez ◽  
M.C. Puerta Vizcaíno ◽  
M.F. Gargallo Esteban

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina M. Muntean ◽  
Ioan Bratu ◽  
Carmen Tripon ◽  
Konstantinos Nalpantidis ◽  
Monica A. P. Purcaru ◽  
...  

In this work the Raman total half bandwidths of five free nucleic acids components (cytidine-5`- monophosphate, 2`- deoxycytidine 5`- monophosphate, 2`- deoxyguanosine-5`- monophosphate, thymidine - 5� - monophosphate disodium salt hydrate and uridine-5`- monophosphate disodium salt) have been measured, respectively. Raman scattering can be used to study the fast molecular relaxation processes of free nucleic acids components in solid phase. The dependencies of the total half bandwidths and of the corresponding global relaxation times, on functional groups and on the type of DNA and RNA constituents, are reported. In our study, the full widths at half-maximum (FWHMs) for the Raman bands of these nucleic acids components, are typically in the wavenumber range from 9 to 28 cm-1. Besides, it can be observed that the (sub)picosecond dynamics studied in this work, has a global relaxation time value smaller than 1.18 ps and larger than 0.38 ps. We have found that the band centered at 1264 cm-1 for cytidine -5`- monophosphate, the profile near 1373 cm-1 attributed to thymidine -5`- monophosphate disodium salt hydrate and the band around 1233 cm-1 attributed to uridine -5`- monophosphate disodium salt, respectively, are suitable for studying the dynamical behavior of molecular fragments in nucleic acids components. For the case of solid phase samples of nucleic acids components, we can suppose that the dominant relaxation mechanism is of the vibrational type one.


1981 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
F. GONZALEZ VILCHEZ ◽  
M. C. PUERTA VIZCAINO ◽  
M. F. GARGOLLO ESTEBAN

1981 ◽  
Vol 20 (02) ◽  
pp. 90-93
Author(s):  
P.B. Parab ◽  
U.R. Raikar ◽  
R.D. Ganatra ◽  
M. C. Patel

Phenolphthalexon, a compound with iminodiacetic acid as a functional group, has been labelled with 113mIn to high chemical purity and its usefulness in studies of biliary excretion patency has been studied. Organ distribution of 113mIn-phenolphthalexon in mice was characterized by high liver uptake (50.8% of the administered dose after 5 min) and rapid clearance through the gall bladder. An animal model for studying obstruction of biliary excretion has been developed. Data on the kinetics of the radiopharmaceutical were obtained by collecting in-vivo data through an on-line computer.


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