Sampling Recreational Waters

2007 ◽  
pp. 69-89
Author(s):  
A. H. El-Shaarawi ◽  
S. R. Esterby
Keyword(s):  
Recreational Waters

Bacteriophages – What are they and why they might be an appropriate new indicator for fecal contamination of recreational waters

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 (12) ◽  
pp. 1884-1886
Author(s):  
Charles P Gerba ◽  
Bradley W Schmitz ◽  
Alexander N Wassimi ◽  
Ian L Pepper
Keyword(s):  
Fecal Contamination ◽  
Recreational Waters

scholarly journals Spatial and temporal variations of faecal indicator bacteria in Lake Bunyonyi, South-Western Uganda

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Saturday ◽  
Thomas J. Lyimo ◽  
John Machiwa ◽  
Siajali Pamba
Keyword(s):  
Health Risks ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Indicator Bacteria ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variations ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Recreational Waters ◽  
Faecal Indicator Bacteria ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation

AbstractBackground Microbial water quality serves to indicate health risks associated with the consumption of contaminated water. Nevertheless, little is known about the microbiological characteristics of water in Lake Bunyonyi. This study was therefore undertaken to examine the spatial and temporal variations of faecal indicator bacteria (FIB) in relation to physicochemical parameters in Lake Bunyonyi. Result The FIB concentration was consistently measured during sampling months and correlated with each other showing the presumed human faecal pollution in the lake. The highest concentration values for E. coli (64.7 ± 47.3 CFU/100 mL) and enterococci (24.6 ± 32.4 CFU/100 mL were obtained in the station close to the Mugyera trading centre. On a temporal basis, the maximum values were recorded during the rainy season in October 2019 (70.7 ± 56.5 CFU/100 mL for E. coli and 38.44 ± 31.8 CFU/100 mL for enterococci. FIB did not differ significantly among the study stations (p > 0.05) but showed significant temporal variations among the months (p < 0.05) with concentrations being significantly high in wet season than dry season (U = 794, p < 0.0001 for E. coli; U = 993.5, p = 0.008 for enterococci). Spearman’s rank correlation revealed that FIB concentrations were significantly positively correlated with turbidity and DO concentration levels (p < 0.05). Approximately 97.2% of the water samples had E. coli and enterococci concentrations levels below USEPA threshold for recreational waters. Likewise, 98.1 and 90.7% of samples recorded E. coli and enterococci counts exceeding the UNBS, APHA, WHO and EU threshold values for drinking water. Conclusion The FIB counts show that the Lake Bunyonyi water is bacteriologically unsuitable for drinking unless it is treated since the FIB pose health risks to consumers. Besides, the water can be used for recreational purposes.

scholarly journals Cyanobacterial Abundance and Microcystin Profiles in Two Southern British Lakes: The Importance of Abiotic and Biotic Interactions

Toxins ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 503 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Hartnell ◽  
Ian J. Chapman ◽  
Nick G. H. Taylor ◽  
Genoveva F. Esteban ◽  
Andrew D. Turner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Biotic Interactions ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Tandem Mass ◽  
Recreational Waters ◽  
Cyanobacteria Blooms ◽  
Freshwater Bodies

Freshwater cyanobacteria blooms represent a risk to ecological and human health through induction of anoxia and release of potent toxins; both conditions require water management to mitigate risks. Many cyanobacteria taxa may produce microcystins, a group of toxic cyclic heptapeptides. Understanding the relationships between the abiotic drivers of microcystins and their occurrence would assist in the implementation of targeted, cost-effective solutions to maintain safe drinking and recreational waters. Cyanobacteria and microcystins were measured by flow cytometry and liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry in two interconnected reservoirs varying in age and management regimes, in southern Britain over a 12-month period. Microcystins were detected in both reservoirs, with significantly higher concentrations in the southern lake (maximum concentration >7 µg L−1). Elevated microcystin concentrations were not positively correlated with numbers of cyanobacterial cells, but multiple linear regression analysis suggested temperature and dissolved oxygen explained a significant amount of the variability in microcystin across both reservoirs. The presence of a managed fishery in one lake was associated with decreased microcystin levels, suggestive of top down control on cyanobacterial populations. This study supports the need to develop inclusive, multifactor holistic water management strategies to control cyanobacterial risks in freshwater bodies.

Toys for boys can be lifesaving in recreational waters

Resuscitation ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 114 ◽  
pp. A12-A13
Author(s):  
Joost J.L.M. Bierens
Keyword(s):  
Recreational Waters

scholarly journals Are the defined substrate-based methods adequate to determine the microbiological quality of natural recreational waters?

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Sofia Valente ◽  
Paulo Pedro ◽  
M. Carmen Alonso ◽  
Juan J. Borrego ◽  
Lídia Dionísio
Keyword(s):  
Standard Method ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Recreational Waters ◽  
Total Coliforms ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Routine Monitoring ◽  
Rapid Tests

Monitoring the microbiological quality of water used for recreational activities is very important to human public health. Although the sanitary quality of recreational marine waters could be evaluated by standard methods, they are time-consuming and need confirmation. For these reasons, faster and more sensitive methods, such as the defined substrate-based technology, have been developed. In the present work, we have compared the standard method of membrane filtration using Tergitol-TTC agar for total coliforms and Escherichia coli, and Slanetz and Bartley agar for enterococci, and the IDEXX defined substrate technology for these faecal pollution indicators to determine the microbiological quality of natural recreational waters. ISO 17994:2004 standard was used to compare these methods. The IDEXX for total coliforms and E. coli, Colilert®, showed higher values than those obtained by the standard method. Enterolert® test, for the enumeration of enterococci, showed lower values when compared with the standard method. It may be concluded that more studies to evaluate the precision and accuracy of the rapid tests are required in order to apply them for routine monitoring of marine and freshwater recreational bathing areas. The main advantages of these methods are that they are more specific, feasible and simpler than the standard methodology.

scholarly journals Coliphages and Gastrointestinal Illness in Recreational Waters

Epidemiology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 644-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jade Benjamin-Chung ◽  
Benjamin F. Arnold ◽  
Timothy J. Wade ◽  
Kenneth Schiff ◽  
John F. Griffith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Illness ◽  
Recreational Waters

Impact of Sewage Line Spills on Pathogen Levels in Recreational Waters

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parmeshwar L. Shrestha ◽  
Douglas Hamilton ◽  
Neil Jordan ◽  
Macan Doroudian ◽  
Sandra Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recreational Waters
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