High PVC film-forming composite latex particles via miniemulsification, part 2: Efficiency of encapsulation

2006 ◽  
Vol 101 (6) ◽  
pp. 4517-4525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghurmallah H. Al-Ghamdi ◽  
E. David Sudol ◽  
Victoria L. Dimonie ◽  
Mohamed S. El-Aasser
Keyword(s):  
Latex Particles ◽  
Film Forming ◽  
Pvc Film

High PVC film-forming composite latex particles via miniemulsification, part 3: Optical properties

2006 ◽  
Vol 101 (6) ◽  
pp. 4526-4537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghurmallah H. Al-Ghamdi ◽  
E. David Sudol ◽  
Victoria L. Dimonie ◽  
Mohamed S. El-Aasser
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Latex Particles ◽  
Film Forming ◽  
Pvc Film

High PVC film-forming composite latex particles via miniemulsification, part 1: Preparation

2006 ◽  
Vol 101 (6) ◽  
pp. 4504-4516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghurmallah H. Al-Ghamdi ◽  
E. David Sudol ◽  
Victoria L. Dimonie ◽  
Mohamed S. El-Aasser
Keyword(s):  
Latex Particles ◽  
Film Forming ◽  
Pvc Film

A Freeze Shadow Technique for the Preparation of Soft Paint Latexes for Electron Microscopy

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 314-315
Author(s):  
Earl R. Walter ◽  
Glen H. Bryant
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Vacuum System ◽  
Latex Particles ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Diffusion Pump ◽  
Film Forming ◽  
Routine Basis ◽  
Distribution Studies ◽  
Preparation Techniques

With the development of soft, film forming latexes for use in paints and other coatings applications, it became desirable to develop new methods of sample preparation for latex particle size distribution studies with the electron microscope. Conventional latex sample preparation techniques were inadequate due to the pronounced tendency of these new soft latex particles to distort, flatten and fuse on the substrate when they dried. In order to avoid these complications and obtain electron micrographs of undistorted latex particles of soft resins, a freeze-dry, cold shadowing technique was developed. The method has now been used in our laboratory on a routine basis for several years.The cold shadowing is done in a specially constructed vacuum system, having a conventional mechanical fore pump and oil diffusion pump supplying vacuum. The system incorporates bellows type high vacuum valves to permit a prepump cycle and opening of the shadowing chamber without shutting down the oil diffusion pump. A baffeled sorption trap isolates the shadowing chamber from the pumps.

Pre‐Vulcanization of Large and Small Natural Rubber Latex Particles: Film‐Forming Behavior and Mechanical Properties

2019 ◽  
Vol 304 (9) ◽  
pp. 1900283
Author(s):  
Manus Sriring ◽  
Adun Nimpaiboon ◽  
Nattanee Dechnarong ◽  
Sirirat Kumarn ◽  
Yuji Higaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Natural Rubber Latex ◽  
Rubber Latex ◽  
Latex Particles ◽  
Film Forming

Film Formation of a Non-Ionic Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate Latex Dispersion in Cement Pore Solution

2013 ◽  
Vol 687 ◽  
pp. 316-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Pavlitschek ◽  
Yu Jin ◽  
Johann Plank
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Pore Solution ◽  
Film Formation ◽  
Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Ethylene Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Particle Packing ◽  
Particle Deformation ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Latex Particles ◽  
Film Forming

Environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) and complementary methods were employed to study the time dependent film formation of a non-ionic latex dispersion in water @ pH 12.8 and cement pore solution. A commercial liquid ethylene-vinyl acetate latex dispersion stabilized with PVOH possessing a minimum film forming temperature (MFFT) of 3 °C and a Tg of 19 °C was employed in the study. Prior to ESEM imaging the latex dispersion was stored at room temperature and then transferred into the ESEM instrument for imaging. Subsequently, micrographs monitoring its film forming behaviour are obtained. The analysis revealed that upon removal of water, film formation occurs as a result of particle packing, particle deformation and finally particle coalescence. In synthetic cement pore solution film formation occurs faster than in water and is complete within one day. This acceleration can be ascribed to the presence of PVOH on the surface of the latex particles. In water at neutral pH, PVOH forms a shell around the latex particle and hinders the interdiffusion of the macromolecules while in cement pore solution, PVOH precipitates due to high pH and high concentration of cations. This way the latex particles can coalesce faster into a polymer film.

Film-forming process from globular polytetrafluoroethylene latex particles

2004 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 733-742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Th. Dürrschmidt ◽  
H. Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
Forming Process ◽  
Latex Particles ◽  
Film Forming

Effect of Polymeric Emulsifier and Ratio of Soft/Hard Monomer on the Property of Acrylic Emulsion as Fabric Stiffening Agent

2013 ◽  
Vol 821-822 ◽  
pp. 287-294
Author(s):  
Jia Lin Gong ◽  
Guo Jun Liu ◽  
Gui Xia Zhang ◽  
Su Hua Liu ◽  
Jia Hang Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Concentration Gradient ◽  
Shell Structure ◽  
Monomer Concentration ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Addition Method ◽  
Acrylic Emulsion ◽  
Latex Particles ◽  
Film Forming ◽  
Polymeric Emulsifier ◽  
Core Shell Structure

By adding polymeric emulsifier, acrylic emulsion as the fabric stiffening agent with core-shell structure was synthesized visa monomer concentration gradient dropwise addition method. The effect of synthetic condition such as the content of polymeric emulsifier and ratio of soft monomer (BA)/hard monomer (MMA) on properties of acrylic emulsion were studied in detail, and the role of polymeric emulsifier during the process of the film-forming was also discussed. Films after tackiness resistance, minimum filming temperature (MFT) and glass transition temperature (Tg) were tested by QNF, QMB type measuring instrument and differential scanning calorimeters (DSC), respectively. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observed the morphology of latex particles. Results showed 40wt% polymeric emulsifier was the best emulsifying system in term of emulsion stability, after tackiness resistance, MFT and appearance of the emulsion. DSC analysis confirmed that the polymeric emulsifier and acrylic emulsion could not fully achieve thermodynamic compatibility. In addition, TEM results showed that latex particles prepared by monomer concentration gradient dropwise addition method had obvious core-shell structure. Hydrogen-bond interaction between polymeric emulsifiers carboxyls played a great role in the film-forming process, so polymeric emulsifier could improve films after tackiness resistance and MFT.

Film Formation of Acrylic Latices with Varying Concentrations of Non-Film-Forming Latex Particles

Langmuir ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 3793-3801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph L. Keddie ◽  
Paul Meredith ◽  
Richard A. L. Jones ◽  
Athene M. Donald
Keyword(s):  
Film Formation ◽  
Latex Particles ◽  
Film Forming

scholarly journals Synthesis of Film-Forming Photoactive Latex Particles by Emulsion Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly to Produce Singlet Oxygen

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 1800329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlène Boussiron ◽  
Mickaël Le Bechec ◽  
Luca Petrizza ◽  
Julia Sabalot ◽  
Sylvie Lacombe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Singlet Oxygen ◽  
Emulsion Polymerization ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Latex Particles ◽  
Film Forming

Clean Electron Microscope Substrate Films Used for Micrometeorite Collection and Study

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 366-367
Author(s):  
D. M. Davies ◽  
R. Kemner ◽  
E. F. Fullam
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Amyl Acetate ◽  
Temperature Variations ◽  
Film Forming ◽  
Film Specimen ◽  
Particulate Contaminants

All serious electron microscopists at one time or another have been concerned with the cleanliness and freedom from artifacts of thin film specimen support substrates. This is particularly important where there are relatively few particles of a sample to be found for study, as in the case of micrometeorite collections. For the deposition of such celestial garbage through the use of balloons, rockets, and aircraft, the thin film substrates must have not only all the attributes necessary for use in the electron microscope, but also be able to withstand rather wide temperature variations at high altitude, vibration and shock inherent in the collection vehicle's operation and occasionally an unscheduled violent landing.Nitrocellulose has been selected as a film forming material that meets these requirements yet lends itself to a relatively simple clean-up procedure to remove particulate contaminants. A 1% nitrocellulose solution is prepared by dissolving “Parlodion” in redistilled amyl acetate from which all moisture has been removed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document