Polyurethane composites based on oil palm empty fruit bunches: Effect of isocyanate/hydroxyl ratio and chemical modification of empty fruit bunches with toluene diisocyanate and hexamethylene diisocyanate on mechanical properties

Study of the size effect of natural fibre from oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) as filler, onto the mechanical and physical properties of fibre reinforced biocomposites based on recycled Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) has been done. The OPEFB fibres were prepared by mechanical milling and sieving to obtain medium-fibre (20 mesh) and short-fibre (100 mesh). The biocomposites have been produced by extrusion using single-screw extruder method. Mechanical properties and S of biocomposites were evaluated and compared with glass fibre (GF) filled composite which is commonly used in plastics industrial applications. The result showed that the impact strength increased with the decreasing of OPEFB fibre size, while the Young’s modulus decreased. Other mechanical properties of biocomposites with short-fibre (RABS/SF) and medium-fibre (RABS/MF) filler were not significantly different at 95% confidence interval. Impact strength of short-fibre filled biocomposite was higher than glass fibre filled composites. The surface free energy of biocomposites lower than glass fibre filled composites, but its dispersive components are higher, indicating more hydrophobic feature of the surface. The fabricated micro-fibre of OPEFB can be used as viable alternative to substitute glass fibre as filler materials of composites.

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The effect of various anhydride modifications on mechanical properties and water absorption of oil palm empty fruit bunches reinforced polyester composites

Polymer International ◽

10.1002/pi.642 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 50 (4) ◽

pp. 395-402 ◽

Cited By ~ 64

Author(s):

H?P?S Abdul Khalil ◽

H Ismail ◽

M?N Ahmad ◽

A Ariffin ◽

K Hassan

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Water Absorption ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Empty Fruit Bunches ◽

Polyester Composites

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Sifat Fisis dan Mekanis Papan Semen dari Serat Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (The Physical and Mechanical Properties of Cement Board Made from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches Fibers)

Jurnal Riset Industri Hasil Hutan ◽

10.24111/jrihh.v8i2.1966 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 43-52 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Djoko Purwanto

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Water Absorption ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Modulus Of Elasticity ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Modulus Of Rupture ◽

Thickness Swelling ◽

Empty Fruit Bunches ◽

Screw Withdrawal ◽

Cement Board

Oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) fiber were industrial waste that has not been widely used by the community, only stacked and cause odors that interfere with the surrounding environment. This research studied the utilization of OPEFB fiber for cement board products using cement as resin and CaCl2 as accelerator. Laboratory scale cement board made from OPEFB fiber were mixed with cement, and CaCl2. The composition of fiber and cement were 1:1, 1:1.5, 1:2, and CaCl2 variations were 0%, 1% and 3%. A mixture of fibers, cement and CaCl2 was compressed at the pressure of 4 ton for 24 hours. The cement boards were tested for physical and mechanical properties according to JIS A 5417-1992, and the results were compared to the requirements of the cement board JIS A 5417-1992. Cement board made from fiber and cement composition 1:1.5 and CaCl2 content 3% produced moisture content, thickness swelling, water absorption, density, modulus of rupture/MOR, modulus of elasticity/MOE and screw withdrawal strength that met the requirement of JIS A 5417-1992. The composition of fiber and cement and the variations of CaCl2 content produced significant effect on water content, water absorption, thickness swelling, modulus of rupture/MOR, modulus of elasticity/MOE and screw withdrawal strength on cement boards.Keywords : oil palm empty fruit bunches fiber, cement boards, physical and mechanical properties

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SIFAT FISIK MEKANIK PAPAN PARTIKEL TANPA PEREKAT DARI TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis Guineensis acq)

Jurnal Riset Industri Hasil Hutan ◽

10.24111/jrihh.v6i1.1221 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 15 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Budi Tri Cahyana

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Tensile Strength ◽

Water Content ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Modulus Of Elasticity ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Modulus Of Rupture ◽

Particle Board ◽

Thickness Swelling ◽

Empty Fruit Bunches

This research aimed to get the physical and mechanical properties of non adhesive-particle board from oil palm empty fruit bunches. The oil palm empty fruit bunches were degradated to fibre and boiled in boiling water during 60 minute then dried in ± 2 weeks. The dried raw material was chopped to be fibre in 5 mesh, 10 mesh, and 16 mesh. It were complied into a mold and then hot pressed in 35 kgf/cm2 pressure during 10 minute with 3 of temperature variety, 160°C, 180°C and 200°C. The result showed that the average of particle board water content was 7,11 - 9,85 % and the density was 0,63 – 0,76 gr/cm3. The highest thickness swelling was 22,59 % in 10 mesh and 160 0C (a2b1) temperature of oil palm empty fruit bunches. The modulus of rupture was 211,67 kg/cm2 in 10 mesh and 180 0C (a2b2) temperature. The modulus of elasticity was 490,85 kg/cm2 in 10 mesh and 160 0C (a2b1) temperature. The tensile strength was 7,49 kg/cm2 in 5 mesh and 200 0C (a1b3) temperature. The average of physical and mechanical properties such as water content, density, modulus of rupture, tensile strength were fulfill the SNI requirement, while the average of thickness swelling and modulus of elasticity were not fulfill the SNI requirement.Keywords: oil palm empty fruit bunches, particle board

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Soda-anthraquinone pulping optimization of oil palm empty fruit bunch

BioResources ◽

10.15376/biores.15.3.5012-5031 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 5012-5031

Author(s):

Nurul Husna Mohd Hassan ◽

Noorshashillawati Azura Mohammad ◽

Mazlan Ibrahim ◽

Nor Yuziah Mohd Yunus ◽

Siti Noorbaini Sarmin

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Tensile Strength ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Regression Models ◽

Empty Fruit Bunch ◽

Paper Properties ◽

Empty Fruit Bunches ◽

Tensile Index ◽

Folding Endurance ◽

Central Composite

The influence of soda-anthraquinone (AQ) pulping conditions on paper properties of oil palm empty fruit bunches was studied using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) based on Central Composite Design (CCD). The alkali charge, NaOH (A), pulping temperature (T), and pulping time (t) ranged between 20 and 30%, 160 and 180 °C, and 60 and 120 minutes, respectively. The mechanical properties evaluated for the handsheets produced were the tensile index, tearing index, bursting index, folding endurance, zero-span tensile strength, and the optical properties (brightness and opacity). The effects of soda-AQ pulping conditions on oil palm empty fruit bunch paper were elucidated by the regression models obtained. The optimum pulping condition were at 27.3% alkali charge, 160 °C, and 60 min that produced paper properties with 26.8 N.m/g tensile index, 7.95 mN.m2/g tearing index, 5.32 kPa.m2/g bursting index, 1.70 log10 folding endurance, 46.2 N zero-span tensile strength, 51.8% brightness, and 95.8% opacity.

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