ABSTRACT
The use of silica to partially replace carbon black is a common practice in the fabrication of “green tires.” Although some degree of consensus has been approached concerning the improved performance conferred by silica substitution, such as the improved dispersion of carbon black, a quantitative understanding of the relationship between filler networking and the performance of rubber composites has not been established. Thus, an investigation focusing on filler network structure and the correlation between the network structure and the reinforcement of rubber composites was conducted. We prepared solution-polymerized styrene–butadiene rubber (SSBR) reinforced by carbon black and carbon black/silica in different ratios. To exclude as much of the effect from changed crosslinking, and figure out how filler blending influences filler dispersion and filler network structure, the silane generally used in the tire industry was not adopted. The quantitative predictor, the mass fractal dimension df, was derived from the Kraus model and the Huber–Vilgis model. We found that when the amount of substituted silica increases, the filler cluster branching decreases, accompanied by increased reinforcement efficiency. The depressed filler networking induced by silica substitution at an appropriate proportion leads to improved dynamic properties, including lower rolling resistance and better wet skid. When the silica proportion in the filler is too high, severe filler networking is observed, resulting in decreased reinforcing efficiency and impaired dynamic properties.
Insights into the Payne Effect of Carbon Black Filled Styrene-butadiene Rubber Compounds