Comparison of germ cell differentiation of rat testis fragments cultured in knockout serum replacement versus Albumax™ I

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noriko Nakamura ◽  
Daniel T. Sloper
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Serum Replacement ◽  
Rat Testis ◽  
Germ Cell Differentiation ◽  
Knockout Serum Replacement

scholarly journals Hedgehog signalling promotes germ cell survival in the rat testis

Reproduction ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 142 (5) ◽  
pp. 711-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juho-Antti Mäkelä ◽  
Vuokko Saario ◽  
Sonia Bourguiba-Hachemi ◽  
Mirja Nurmio ◽  
Kirsi Jahnukainen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Tyrosine Kinases ◽  
Negative Regulator ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Paracrine Signalling ◽  
Rat Testis ◽  
Germ Cell Differentiation

Hedgehog (Hh) signalling has a crucial role in testis development. Sertoli cell-derived desert hedgehog (DHH) guides the formation of testis cords and differentiation of foetal-type Leydig cells. Dhh mutant mice are infertile due to a block in germ cell differentiation, hypogonadism and hypoandrogenism. Hh signalling pathway components are also expressed in postnatal testis. In the rat testis the transcription factor of the Hh pathway, glioma-associated oncogene homologue (GLI1), is expressed by a wide variety of germ cells. This suggests that Hh signalling is involved in spermatogenesis at many different levels. Our data show that canonical Hh signalling is turned off in early condensing spermatids that strongly express the negative regulator of the pathway, suppressor of fused (SUFU). Most of the Hh pathway specific mRNAs display the highest values in stages II–VI of the rat seminiferous epithelial cycle. The key endocrine regulator of germ cell differentiation, FSH, down-regulates Dhh mRNA levels in vitro. Hh signalling inhibition in vitro leads to massive apoptosis of germ cells. In prepubertal rat testis imatinib mesylate-induced inhibition of tyrosine kinases impinges on Dhh transcript levels and Hh signalling. Our data indicate that Hh signalling is part of the paracrine signalling network in the rat testis. It promotes the survival of germ cells and is suppressed by FSH.

scholarly journals Knock-Out Serum Replacement and Melatonin Effects on Germ Cell Differentiation in Murine Testicular Explant Cultures

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (7) ◽  
pp. 1783-1794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Reda ◽  
Halima Albalushi ◽  
Sheyla Cisneros Montalvo ◽  
Mirja Nurmio ◽  
Zeliha Sahin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Knock Out ◽  
Serum Replacement ◽  
Germ Cell Differentiation ◽  
Explant Cultures

scholarly journals Germ cell differentiation requires Tdrd7-dependent chromatin and transcriptome reprogramming marked by germ plasm relocalization

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio M. D’Orazio ◽  
Piotr J. Balwierz ◽  
Ada Jimenez González ◽  
Yixuan Guo ◽  
Benjamín Hernández-Rodríguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Germ Plasm ◽  
Germ Cell Differentiation

scholarly journals Clusters of Identical New Mutations Can Account for the “Overdispersed” Molecular Clock

Genetics ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 147 (1) ◽  
pp. 339-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiying Huai ◽  
R C Woodruff
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Molecular Clock ◽  
Germ Cell Differentiation ◽  
Multiple Copies ◽  
Premeiotic Clusters ◽  
T Values ◽  
Independent Mutant ◽  
New Mutations

Abstract Germ-cell mutations may occur during meiosis, giving rise to independent mutant gametes in a Poisson process, or before meiosis, giving rise to multiple copies of identical mutant gametes at a much higher probability than the Poisson expectation. We report that the occurrence of these early premeiotic clusters of new identical mutant alleles increases the variance-to-mean ratio of mutation rate (R(u) > 1). This leads to an expected variance-to-mean ratio (R(t)) of the molecular clock that is always greater than one and may cover the observed range of R(t) values. Hence, the molecular clock may not be overdispersed based on this new mutational model that includes clusters. To get a better estimation of R(u) and R(t), one needs measurements of the intrageneration variation of reproductive success (Ni/Ne(i)), population dynamics (k‒i), and the proportion of new mutations that occur in clusters (rc), especially those formed before germ-cell differentiation.

Transgene Independent Germ Cell Differentiation From Human Embryonic Stem Cells (hESCs)

2010 ◽  
Vol 93 (5) ◽  
pp. S22-S22
Author(s):  
N.D. Tran ◽  
D. Lair ◽  
M. Kissner ◽  
M. Conti ◽  
R. Blelloch
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Human Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Germ Cell Differentiation

Neogenin regulates spermatogonia germ cell differentiation

2008 ◽  
Vol 90 ◽  
pp. S461
Author(s):  
J.H. Lee ◽  
L. Dae Hoon ◽  
L. Mei ◽  
W.C. Xiong
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Germ Cell Differentiation

scholarly journals Cell-type-specific regulation of genes involved in testicular lipid metabolism: fatty acid-binding proteins, diacylglycerol acyltransferases, and perilipin 2

Reproduction ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 146 (5) ◽  
pp. 471-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerardo M Oresti ◽  
Jesús García-López ◽  
Marta I Aveldaño ◽  
Jesús del Mazo
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding Proteins ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding ◽  
Germ Cell Differentiation ◽  
Perilipin 2

Male germ cell differentiation entails the synthesis and remodeling of membrane polar lipids and the formation of triacylglycerols (TAGs). This requires fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs) for intracellular fatty acid traffic, a diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) to catalyze the final step of TAG biosynthesis, and a TAG storage mode. We examined the expression of genes encoding five members of the FABP family and two DGAT proteins, as well as the lipid droplet protein perilipin 2 (PLIN2), during mouse testis development and in specific cells from seminiferous epithelium.Fabp5expression was distinctive of Sertoli cells and consequently was higher in prepubertal than in adult testis. The expression ofFabp3increased in testis during postnatal development, associated with the functional differentiation of interstitial cells, but was low in germ cells.Fabp9, together withFabp12, was prominently expressed in the latter. Their transcripts increased from spermatocytes to spermatids and, interestingly, were highest in spermatid-derived residual bodies (RB). Both Sertoli and germ cells, which produce neutral lipids and store them in lipid droplets, expressedPlin2. Yet, whileDgat1was detected in Sertoli cells,Dgat2accumulated in germ cells with a similar pattern of expression asFabp9. These results correlated with polyunsaturated fatty acid-rich TAG levels also increasing with mouse germ cell differentiation highest in RB, connecting DGAT2 with the biosynthesis of such TAGs. The age- and germ cell type-associated increases inFabp9,Dgat2, andPlin2levels are thus functionally related in the last stages of germ cell differentiation.

scholarly journals Epigenetic regulation of germ cell differentiation

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 737-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suk Ho Eun ◽  
Qiang Gan ◽  
Xin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Epigenetic Regulation ◽  
Germ Cell Differentiation

MAPK8 regulates chicken male germ cell differentiation through JNK signaling pathway

2017 ◽  
Vol 119 (2) ◽  
pp. 1548-1557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingjie Wang ◽  
Yulin Bi ◽  
Qisheng Zuo ◽  
Wenhui Zhang ◽  
Dong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Male Germ Cell ◽  
Jnk Signaling ◽  
Germ Cell Differentiation ◽  
Jnk Signaling Pathway
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