Bacteriophage carriers localize in the brain of a rat model of neonatal hypoxic‐ischemic encephalopathy

In this study, we investigated how human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells exerted a neuroprotective effect via antiapoptotic mechanisms in a neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy rat model. A total of 78 10-day old (P10) rats were used. After human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells were collected from human umbilical cords and amplified in culture, they were administered to rat subjects 1 h after induced hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy treatment. The short-term (48 h) and long-term (28 day) outcomes were evaluated after human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells treatment using neurobehavioral function assessment. Triphenyltetrazolium chloride monohydrate staining was performed at 48 h. Beclin-2 and caspase-3 levels were evaluated with Western blot and real time polymerase chain reaction at 48 h. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells were collected and administrated to hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy pups by intracerebroventricular injection. Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy typically induced significant delay in development and caused impairment in both cognitive and motor functions in rat subjects. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells were shown to ameliorate hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy-induced damage and improve both cognitive and motor functions. Although hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy induced significant expression of caspase-3 and Beclin-2, human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells decreased the expression of both of them. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells may serve as a potential treatment to ameliorate brain injury in hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy patients.

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Comparison of Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer Imaging with Diffusion-weighted Imaging and Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in a Rat Model of Hypoxic-ischemic Encephalopathy

Magnetic Resonance in Medical Sciences ◽

10.2463/mrms.mp.2019-0128 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (4) ◽

pp. 359-365 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Akiko Ohki ◽

Shigeyoshi Saito ◽

Eri Hirayama ◽

Yusuke Takahashi ◽

Yuko Ogawa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽

Rat Model ◽

Diffusion Weighted Imaging ◽

Chemical Exchange ◽

Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy ◽

Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer ◽

Resonance Spectroscopy ◽

Saturation Transfer ◽

Ischemic Encephalopathy

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Preconditioning and Postinsult Therapies for Perinatal Hypoxic–Ischemic Injury at Term

Anesthesiology ◽

10.1097/aln.0b013e3181dc1b84 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 113 (1) ◽

pp. 233-249 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

Robert D. Sanders ◽

Helen J. Manning ◽

Nicola J. Robertson ◽

Daqing Ma ◽

A. David Edwards ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Perinatal Period ◽

Rapid Identification ◽

Postnatal Period ◽

Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy ◽

Current Status ◽

Neuroprotective Agents ◽

Period 2 ◽

Neuroprotective Strategies ◽

The Brain ◽

Ischemic Encephalopathy

Perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy can be a devastating complication of childbirth. Herein, the authors review the pathophysiology of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and the current status of neuroprotective strategies to ameliorate the injury centering on four themes: (1) monitoring in the perinatal period, (2) rapid identification of affected neonates to allow timely institution of therapy, (3) preconditioning therapy (a therapeutic that reduces the brain vulnerability) before hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, and (4) prompt institution of postinsult therapies to ameliorate the evolving injury. Recent clinical trials have demonstrated the significant benefit for hypothermic therapy in the postnatal period; furthermore, there is accumulating preclinical evidence that adjunctive therapies can enhance hypothermic neuroprotection. Advances in the understanding of preconditioning may lead to the administration of neuroprotective agents earlier during childbirth. Although most of these neuroprotective strategies have not yet entered clinical practice, there is a significant hope that further developments will enhance hypothermic neuroprotection.

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Evidence of Occurrence of Intradural and Subdural Hemorrhage in the Perinatal and Neonatal Period in the Context of Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy: An Observational Study from Two Referral Institutions in the United Kingdom

Pediatric and Developmental Pathology ◽

10.2350/08-08-0509.1 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 169-176 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

Marta C. Cohen ◽

Irene Scheimberg

Keyword(s):

Thin Film ◽

Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy ◽

Subdural Hemorrhage ◽

Intrauterine Death ◽

Venous Plexus ◽

Neonatal Deaths ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Degrees Of Severity ◽

The Brain ◽

Ischemic Encephalopathy

The occurrence of subdural hemorrhage (SDH) on the convexities of the cerebral hemispheres is not an unusual finding in the setting of intrauterine, perinatal, or neonatal deaths, the hemorrhage usually presenting either as a thin film over the occipital poles or as a small infratentorial bleed. Working in 2 referral centers with over 30 000 deliveries per year, we routinely examine the dura macroscopically and histologically in nonmacerated fetuses over 24 weeks in gestation and in neonates. This paper describes our experience of intradural hemorrhage (IDH) and SDH associated with hypoxia. Our series comprises 25 fetuses and 30 neonates with obvious macroscopic intradural hemorrhage and hypoxia of varying degrees of severity diagnosed by systematic examination of the brain. Fetal gestational age ranged from 26–41/40 weeks (all no more than 24 hours from intrauterine death), while the 30 neonates lived for between 1 hour and 19 days. Simultaneously with IDH, frank SDH was seen in 2 of 3 of all cases (16 fetuses and 20 neonates). Intradural hemorrhage was more prominent in the posterior falx and tentorium, most likely because of the existence of 2 venous plexus at these sites. Our findings demonstrate that SDH and cerebral hypoxia are common associations of IDH and that SDH (often seen as a thin film of hemorrhage) almost always occurs in association with diffuse falcine IDH. Diffuse IDH with SDH are more frequently associated with severe or moderate hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), while mild or early HIE is more common with focal IDH without SDH.

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FASUDIL HYDROCHLORIDE EFFECTS ON EAAT2 AND ROCK2 PROTEIN EXPRESSIONS IN RAT MODEL OF NEONATAL HYPOXIC-ISCHEMIC ENCEPHALOPATHY.

International Journal of Advanced Research ◽

10.21474/ijar01/3997 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 1674-1679

Author(s):

NdefiA ntimaYadiswaRobert ◽

◽

WangXian He ◽

ZhangYa Li ◽

ZhuZhang Long ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rat Model ◽

Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy ◽

Protein Expressions ◽

Ischemic Encephalopathy

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Lipid Profiles from Dried Blood Spots Reveal Lipidomic Signatures of Newborns Undergoing Mild Therapeutic Hypothermia after Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13124301 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (12) ◽

pp. 4301

Author(s):

Rebekah Nixon ◽

Ting Hin Richard Ip ◽

Benjamin Jenkins ◽

Ping K. Yip ◽

Paul Clarke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Therapeutic Hypothermia ◽

Peripheral Blood ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Dried Blood Spots ◽

Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy ◽

Perinatal Brain Injury ◽

Blood Spots ◽

Lipid Species ◽

The Brain ◽

Ischemic Encephalopathy

Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is associated with perinatal brain injury, which may lead to disability or death. As the brain is a lipid-rich organ, various lipid species can be significantly impacted by HIE and these correlate with specific changes to the lipidomic profile in the circulation. Objective: To investigate the peripheral blood lipidomic signature in dried blood spots (DBS) from newborns with HIE. Using univariate analysis, multivariate analysis and sPLS-DA modelling, we show that newborns with moderate–severe HIE (n = 46) who underwent therapeutic hypothermia (TH) displayed a robust peripheral blood lipidomic signature comprising 29 lipid species in four lipid classes; namely phosphatidylcholine (PC), lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), triglyceride (TG) and sphingomyelin (SM) when compared with newborns with mild HIE (n = 18). In sPLS-DA modelling, the three most discriminant lipid species were TG 50:3, TG 54:5, and PC 36:5. We report a reduction in plasma TG and SM and an increase in plasma PC and LPC species during the course of TH in newborns with moderate–severe HIE, compared to a single specimen from newborns with mild HIE. These findings may guide the research in nutrition-based intervention strategies after HIE in synergy with TH to enhance neuroprotection.

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