Intramuscular nerve distribution of the hamstring muscles: Application to treating spasticity

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 746-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-Wook Rha ◽  
Kyu-Ho Yi ◽  
Eun Sook Park ◽  
Chunung Park ◽  
Hee-Jin Kim
Keyword(s):  
Hamstring Muscles ◽  
Intramuscular Nerve

Anatomic localization of motor entry points and intramuscular nerve endings in the hamstring muscles

2010 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 529-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. C. An ◽  
J. H. Lee ◽  
S. Im ◽  
M. S. Lee ◽  
K. Hwang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Endings ◽  
Hamstring Muscles ◽  
Entry Points ◽  
Intramuscular Nerve ◽  
Anatomic Localization

Intramuscular Nerve and Neuromuscular Junction Alteration In Extraocular Muscles of Diabetic Mice

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 682-683
Author(s):  
Bruce R. Pachter
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Extraocular Muscles ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Oculomotor Palsy ◽  
Third Nerve Palsy ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Intramuscular Nerve ◽  
Oculomotor Nerves

Diabetes mellitus is one of the commonest causes of neuropathy. Diabetic neuropathy is a heterogeneous group of neuropathic disorders to which patients with diabetes mellitus are susceptible; more than one kind of neuropathy can frequently occur in the same individual. Abnormalities are also known to occur in nearly every anatomic subdivision of the eye in diabetic patients. Oculomotor palsy appears to be common in diabetes mellitus for their occurrence in isolation to suggest diabetes. Nerves to the external ocular muscles are most commonly affected, particularly the oculomotor or third cranial nerve. The third nerve palsy of diabetes is characteristic, being of sudden onset, accompanied by orbital and retro-orbital pain, often associated with complete involvement of the external ocular muscles innervated by the nerve. While the human and experimental animal literature is replete with studies on the peripheral nerves in diabetes mellitus, there is but a paucity of reported studies dealing with the oculomotor nerves and their associated extraocular muscles (EOMs).

Passive resistance of hamstring muscles in children with severe multiple disabilities?

2000 ◽  
Vol 42 (8) ◽  
pp. 541-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Holt ◽  
S Baagøe ◽  
F Lillelund ◽  
S P Magnusson
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Disabilities ◽  
Passive Resistance ◽  
Hamstring Muscles

Respiratory Activity of the Rat Posterior Cricoarytenoid Muscle

1997 ◽  
Vol 106 (11) ◽  
pp. 897-901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert G. Berkowitz ◽  
John Chalmers ◽  
Qi-Jian Sun ◽  
Paul M. Pilowsky
Keyword(s):  
Phrenic Nerve ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Electrophysiological Study ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Diaphragmatic Muscle ◽  
Posterior Cricoarytenoid Muscle ◽  
Inspiratory Activity ◽  
Intramuscular Nerve ◽  
Posterior Cricoarytenoid ◽  
Nerve Discharge

An anatomic and electrophysiological study of the rat posterior cricoarytenoid (PCA) muscle is described. The intramuscular nerve distribution of the PCA branch of the recurrent laryngeal nerve was demonstrated by a modified Sihler's stain. The nerve to the PCA was found to terminate in superior and inferior branches with a distribution that appeared to be confined to the PCA muscle. Electromyography (EMG) recordings of PCA muscle activity in anesthetized rats were obtained under stereotaxic control together with measurement of phrenic nerve discharge. A total of 151 recordings were made in 7 PCA muscles from 4 rats. Phasic inspiratory activity with a waveform similar to that of phrenic nerve discharge was found in 134 recordings, while a biphasic pattern with both inspiratory and post-inspiratory peaks was recorded from random sites within the PCA muscle on 17 occasions. The PCA EMG activity commenced 24.6 ± 2.2 milliseconds (p < .0001) before phrenic nerve discharge. The results are in accord with findings of earlier studies that show that PCA muscle activity commences prior to inspiratory airflow and diaphragmatic muscle activity. The data suggest that PCA and diaphragm motoneurons share common or similar medullary pre-motoneurons. The earlier onset of PCA muscle activity may indicate a role for medullary pre-inspiratory neurons in initiating PCA activity.

Evidence-based testing of the hamstring muscles using wireless surface emg

2011 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 358-358
Author(s):  
K. Kotila ◽  
T. Sveinsson ◽  
A. Arnason
Keyword(s):  
Surface Emg ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Hamstring Muscles

scholarly journals Knee Muscle Strength Recovery in the Early Period After ACL Reconstruction

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (11_suppl3) ◽  
pp. 2325967114S0014
Author(s):  
Gulcan Harput ◽  
Hasan Erkan Kılınc ◽  
Hamza Özer ◽  
Gül Baltacı ◽  
Carl G. Mattacola
Keyword(s):  
Acl Reconstruction ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Quadriceps Strength ◽  
Isometric Strength ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Hamstring Muscles ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Isometric Torque ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Time Point

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate quadriceps and hamstrings isometric strength at 4, 8 and 12 week time points following ACL Reconstruction (ACLR) and to document the strength changes of these muscles over time. The primary hypothesis was that there would be significant increases in quadriceps and hamstring muscle strengths between the 4th, 8th and 12th weeks following ACLR. The secondary hypothesis was that the quadriceps index would be higher than hamstring index at 12th week after ACLR. Methods: Thirty patients (Mean ± SD [age, 29.1±2.3yrs; weight, 77.3±13.2kg; height, 172.1±7.1cm; BMI, 21.2±3.5kg/m2, time to surgery: 7.1±7.2 months]) who underwent ACLR with Hamstring Tendon Autograft (HTG) were enrolled in this study. The isometric strength of quadriceps and hamstring muscles was measured on an isokinetic dynamometer at 60° knee flexion angle at 4th, 8th and 12th weeks after surgery. The recovery of quadriceps and hamstring muscles strength following rehabilitation was expressed as a Quadriceps Index (QI) and Hamstring Index (HI) and calculated with the following formula:[(maximum voluntary isometric torque of the involved limb / maximum voluntary isometric torque by uninvolved limb) × 100]. Torque output of the involved and uninvolved limbs and quadriceps and hamstring indexes were used for the statistical analysis. A repeated measures of ANOVA was used to determine the strength changes of quadriceps and hamstrings over time. Results: Quadriceps and Hamstrings strengths significantly increased over time for both involved (Quadriceps: F (2,46)=58.3, p<0.001, Hamstring: F (2,46)=35.7, p<0.001) and uninvolved limb (Quadriceps: F(2,46)=17.9, p<0.001, Hamstring: F(2,46)=56.9, p=0.001 ). Quadriceps strength was higher at 12th week when compared to the 8 and 4 week time points for the involved limb (p<0.001), and it was higher at 8th week when compared to 4 week time point for the involved limb (p<0.001). For the uninvolved limb, quadriceps strength was also higher at 12th week when compared to the 8 (p=0.02) and 4 week time point (p<0.001), and higher at 8 week when compared to the 4 week time point (p=0.02). Hamstring strength was higher at 12 week when compared to the 8 and 4 week time points (p<0.001) and it was higher at 8 week when compared to 4 week time point for the involved limb (p<0.001). For the uninvolved limb hamstring strength was also higher at 12 week when compared to 4 week time point (p=0.01). There was no significant difference between the 4 and 8 week time points (p>0.05) or between the 8 and 12 week time points (p=0.07). Quadriceps and hamstring indexes significantly changed from 4th weeks (QI:57.9, HI:54.4 ) to 8th weeks (QI:78.8, HI:69.9 ) and from 8th weeks to 12th weeks (QI:82, HI:75.7 ) (p<0.001); however, there was no difference between indexes at the 12-week time point (p=0.17). Conclusion: Isometric strength of quadriceps and hamstring muscles for the involved and uninvolved limb increased during the early period of ACLR. The results of this study could be a baseline for clinicians while prescribing a rehabilitation protocol for ACLR patients with HTG to better appreciate expected strength changes of the muscles in the early phase.

Differences in activation properties of the hamstring muscles during overground sprinting

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 360-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayako Higashihara ◽  
Yasuharu Nagano ◽  
Takashi Ono ◽  
Toru Fukubayashi
Keyword(s):  
Hamstring Muscles

Fate of brachial muscles of the chick embryo innervated by inappropriate nerves: structural, functional and histochemical analyses

Development ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-168
Author(s):  
Jane Butler ◽  
Peter Cauwenbergs ◽  
Ethel Cosmos
Keyword(s):  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Muscle Growth ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Differential Rate ◽  
Innervation Pattern ◽  
In Ovo ◽  
Intramuscular Nerve ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Wing Bud ◽  
Actual Loss

The extent of interaction between brachial muscles and foreign (thoracic) nerves of the chick embryo was determined during an extended period of development in ovo from the perspectives of innervation pattern, function (motility analyses), muscle growth (quantitative analyses of muscle volume) and fibre-type expression (myosin-ATPase profiles). Results indicated that according to all parameters analysed, initially a compatible union existed between the foreign nerves and their muscle targets. During subsequent stages of development, deterioration of the once compatible relationship emerged, until eventually denervation of muscles, i.e. an actual loss of intramuscular nerve branches, was observed. The process of denervation, which proceeded at a differential rate among individual muscles, however was restricted to brachial muscles derived from the premuscle masses of the wing bud. In contrast, brachial muscles of myotomal origin were spared the fate of wing-bud-derived muscles and maintained a successful union with the foreign nerves.

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