Psychopathy and personality. An investigation of the relationship between the NEO-Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) and the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R) in a hospitalized sample of male offenders with personality disorder

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 216-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nedra Pereira ◽  
Nick Huband ◽  
Conor Duggan
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Psychopathy Checklist ◽  
Male Offenders ◽  
Psychopathy Checklist Revised ◽  
Neo Five Factor Inventory ◽  
The Relationship

Psychopathy

2012 ◽  
pp. 477-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert D. Hare ◽  
Craig S. Neumann ◽  
Thomas A. Widiger
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Psychopathy Checklist ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Psychopathy Checklist Revised ◽  
Biological Aspects ◽  
Personality Disposition

Psychopathy refers to the personality disposition to charm, manipulate, and ruthlessly exploit other persons. Psychopathic persons are lacking in conscience and feeling for others; they selfishly take what they want and do as they please without the slightest sense of guilt or regret. Psychopathy is among the oldest and arguably the most heavily researched, well-validated, and well-established personality disorder. Yet it has only indirect, informal entry in the DSMs. This chapter discusses traditional alternative conceptualizations of psychopathy, emphasizing in particular the influential and heavily researched Psychopathy Checklist-Revised. Discussed as well is the existing research concerning the epidemiology, etiology, course, treatment, and biological aspects of psychopathy, as well as its implications for DSM-5.

Covariates of the Severity of Aggression in Sexual Crimes: Psychopathy and Borderline Characteristics

Sexual Abuse ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Cardona ◽  
Ariel K. Berman ◽  
Judith E. Sims-Knight ◽  
Raymond A. Knight
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Sexual Offending ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Emotional Dysregulation ◽  
Emotional Instability ◽  
Sexual Crimes ◽  
Psychopathy Checklist ◽  
Psychopathy Checklist Revised ◽  
Sexually Offended

Whereas risk assessment literature on sexual offending has primarily focused on prediction of subsequent sexual crimes, and not the severity of those crimes, the first aim of the present study was to identify variables that predict the amount of damage to victims in sexual crimes compared with those that predict general aggressiveness. The second aim was to ascertain whether adding emotional instability measurements, as in borderline personality disorder (BPD), would add incremental variance to that captured by the facets of the Psychopathy Checklist–Revised (PCL-R). Trained raters assessed on the PCL-R, BPD, and measures of severity of sexual and nonsexual violence 302 adults who had sexually offended. PCL-R’s Antisociality and two externalizing BPD factors (one from the standard and one from the alternative criteria) were significant predictors of violence both in sexual and nonsexual crimes. In contrast, deficits in the PCL-R’s Affective facet (2) predicted victim damage in sexual contexts only, whereas the Lifestyle Impulsivity facet (3) of the PCL-R predicted violence in nonsexual contexts only. These findings suggest that adding measures of emotional dysregulation to commonly used instruments like the PCL-R, which assesses callousness and antisociality, may be beneficial for predicting violence.

Risk Factors in Violent and Nonviolent Offenders

1999 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 675-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul M. Valliant ◽  
Chantal Gristey ◽  
Derrick Potter ◽  
Robert Kosmyna
Keyword(s):  
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory ◽  
Personality Inventory ◽  
Violence Risk ◽  
Psychopathy Checklist ◽  
Nonviolent Offenders ◽  
Male Offenders ◽  
Psychopathy Checklist Revised ◽  
Lower Test ◽  
Violent Offenses ◽  
Risk Scale

Factors leading to risk for violence were evaluated in an offender population of 36 male offenders including 18 Violent, e.g., assault, threatening and 17 nonviolent (break and enter, theft), and 17 nonoffenders. Their scores on the Psychopathy Checklist Revised, Violence Risk Scale–Experimental Version 1, Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-168, and the Porteus Maze tests showed scores for the inmates with violent offenses were elevated on Psychopathic Deviate, Paranoia, Schizophrenia scales of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, violence risk of the Violence Risk Scale, showed psychopathic orientation on the Psychopathy Checklist Revised, and had a lower test age quotient score on the Porteus Maze test.

The Relationship between the Psychopathy Checklist–Revised and the MMPI–2: A Pilot Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 112 (2) ◽  
pp. 445-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita L. Hansen ◽  
Lisa Stokkeland ◽  
Ståle Pallesen ◽  
Bjørn Helge Johnsen ◽  
Leif Waage
Keyword(s):  
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Clinical Scales ◽  
Psychopathy Checklist ◽  
Psychopathy Checklist Revised ◽  
Partial Correlations ◽  
Psychopathic Deviate Scale ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Male Prisoners

The goal of the study was to investigate the relationship between Hare's four-facet model of psychopathy and the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI–2) in a forensic, culturally homogenous sample. 22 male prisoners from Bergen Prison participated. There was only a statistically significant negative zero-order correlation between the total PCL–R score and the score on the Depression scale of the MMPI–2. However, the results revealed that the four facets had different underlying correlates with negative affectivity. Overall, Facets 1 and 2 showed a tendency toward a negative relationship with the clinical scales on the MMPI–2, while Facets 3 and 4 had a positive relationship. Interestingly, partial correlations showed that Facet 4 of PCL–R was the only facet that correlated statistically significantly with the scores on the Psychopathic Deviate scale of the MMPI–2.

Psychopathic Expression From Early to Late Adulthood: An Item Response Theory Analysis of the Hare Psychopathy Checklist–Revised

Assessment ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 107319112098006
Author(s):  
J. Sebastian Baglole ◽  
Siny Tsang ◽  
Robert D. Hare ◽  
Adelle E. Forth
Keyword(s):  
Latent Trait ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The United States ◽  
Psychopathy Checklist ◽  
Affective Traits ◽  
Male Offenders ◽  
Item Response Theory Analysis ◽  
Psychopathy Checklist Revised ◽  
Item Properties ◽  
Forensic Psychiatric

Several investigators have assessed the Psychopathy Checklist–Revised (PCL-R) for invariance across offender ethnicities and in correctional and forensic–psychiatric contexts. Yet we do not know whether, or to what extent, item properties among male offenders vary throughout adulthood. With a combined sample of PCL-R data on offenders from Canada and the United States ( N = 4,820), we measured item properties for offenders in age groups of Early (18-30 years old), Middle (31-49 years old), and Late (50+ years old) adulthood. Nine items showed differential item functioning across age group comparisons. Among the Early group, the PCL-R Interpersonal and Affective traits were most informative for measuring the latent trait of psychopathy. Among the Late group, the PCL-R Lifestyle and Antisocial items were most informative for the latent trait. These differences in item information illustrate how psychopathy manifests in male offenders throughout adulthood.

scholarly journals Value of standard personality assessments in informing clinical decision-making in a medium secure unit

2007 ◽  
Vol 190 (S49) ◽  
pp. s15-s19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Conor Duggan ◽  
Lauren Mason ◽  
Penny Banerjee ◽  
John Milton
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Marginal Effect ◽  
Consecutive Series ◽  
Personality Assessments ◽  
Psychopathy Checklist ◽  
Complete Treatment ◽  
Psychopathy Checklist Revised

BackgroundAssessing those with personality disorder for treatment in secure settings is known to be unsatisfactory.AimTo examine the utility of a standardised assessment of offenders with personality disorder referred for treatment in secure care in a naturalistic study.MethodA consecutive series of 89 men were assessed with a battery of four recommended instruments measuring personality and risk. Decisions on whether or not to admit were based on a multidisciplinary discussion informed by these assessments.ResultsOf the 89 comprehensively assessed referrals, 60 (67%) were offered admission. High scores on the Psychopathy Checklist–Revised (especially on Factor 1) was the only measure that was associated with rejection. Of 44 patients discharged, 29 (66%) failed to complete treatment; none of the pre-admission assessments distinguished ‘completers' from ‘non-completers'. Although skills were acquired on the unit, follow-up of 24 men in the community showed that this had only a marginal effect on re-offending rate (58%).ConclusionsCurrent recommended assessment methods appear unsatisfactory in identifying those who either (a) complete treatment or (b) benefit from treatment. Our results throw doubt on their value.

Psychopathy/Antisocial Personality Disorder Conundrum

2006 ◽  
Vol 40 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 519-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R.P. Ogloff
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Antisocial Personality Disorder ◽  
Contemporary Literature ◽  
Violence Risk ◽  
Antisocial Personality ◽  
Psychopathy Checklist ◽  
Psychopathy Checklist Revised ◽  
Affective Deficits ◽  
Hare Psychopathy Checklist ◽  
Research Findings

Psychopathy has traditionally been characterised as a disorder primarily of personality (particularly affective deficits) and, to a lesser extent, behaviour. Although often used interchangeably, the diagnostic constructs of psychopathy, antisocial personality disorder, and dissocial personality disorder are distinct. In this article, the relevant historical and contemporary literature concerning psychopathy is briefly reviewed. The diagnostic criteria for psychopathy, antisocial personality disorder, and dissocial personality disorder are compared. Consideration is given to the assessment, prevalence, and implications of psychopathy for violence risk and treatment efficacy. The DSM-IV-TR criteria for antisocial personality disorder, in particular, are largely behaviourally based. The ICD criteria for dissocial personality disorder, while paying more attention to affective deficits, also do not represent the broad personality and behavioural components of psychopathy. Since 1980, a great deal of research on these disorders has been conducted, using the Hare Psychopathy Checklist, Revised (PCL-R). The PCL-R assesses both personality (interpersonal and affective) and behavioural (lifestyle and antisocial) deficits. As such, the research and clinical implications of psychopathy, as operationalised by the PCL-R, cannot be readily extrapolated to the diagnoses of antisocial personality disorder and dissocial personality disorder. As currently construed, the diagnosis of antisocial personality disorder grossly over-identifies people, particularly those with offence histories, as meeting the criteria for the diagnosis. For example, research shows that between 50% and 80% of prisoners meet the criteria for a diagnosis of antisocial personality disorder, yet only approximately 15% of prisoners would be expected to be psychopathic, as assessed by the PCL-R. As such, the characteristics and research findings drawn from the psychopathy research may not be relevant for those with antisocial or dissocial personality disorder.

scholarly journals Prepulse Inhibition in Cocaine Addiction and Dual Pathologies

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 269
Author(s):  
Isis Gil-Miravet ◽  
Alejandro Fuertes-Saiz ◽  
Ana Benito ◽  
Isabel Almodóvar ◽  
Enrique Ochoa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Prepulse Inhibition ◽  
Dual Diagnosis ◽  
Antisocial Personality Disorder ◽  
Cocaine Addiction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antisocial Personality ◽  
Related Disorder ◽  
Psychopathy Checklist ◽  
Psychopathy Checklist Revised

Cocaine addiction is frequently associated with different psychiatric disorders, especially schizophrenia and antisocial personality disorder. A small number of studies have used prepulse inhibition (PPI) as a discriminating factor between these disorders. This work evaluated PPI and the phenotype of patients with cocaine-related disorder (CRD) who presented a dual diagnosis of schizophrenia or antisocial personality disorder. A total of 74 men aged 18–60 years were recruited for this research. The sample was divided into four groups: CRD (n = 14), CRD and schizophrenia (n = 21), CRD and antisocial personality disorder (n = 16), and a control group (n = 23). We evaluated the PPI and other possible vulnerability factors in these patients by using different assessment scales. PPI was higher in the CRD group at 30 ms (F(3, 64) = 2.972, p = 0.038). Three discriminant functions were obtained which allowed us to use the overall Hare Psychopathy Checklist Revised score, reward sensitivity, and PPI at 30 ms to predict inclusion of these patients in the different groups with a success rate of 79.7% (42.9% for CRD, 76.2% for CRD and schizophrenia, 100% for CRD and antisocial personality disorder, and 91.3% in the control group). Despite the differences we observed in PPI, this factor is of little use for discriminating between the different diagnostic groups and it acts more as a non-specific endophenotype in certain mental disorders, such as in patients with a dual diagnosis.

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