Urine cytology findings in patients with biopsy‐confirmed urothelial carcinoma in situ with plasmacytoid features

343 Background: Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) therapy has already been established as a treatment for muscle noninvasive bladder cancer. Although there are several reports indicating the effectiveness of BCG perfusion therapy for the upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma in situ(CIS), it is not well established yet. We conducted a retrospective study to assess the long-term effects of BCG perfusion therapy for the upper urinary tract CIS. Methods: Thirty-one subjects (24 male, 7 female) who received BCG perfusion therapy for the upper urinary tract CIS from December 1997 to December 2013 were enrolled. 11 subjects had the entire urinary tract CIS, 8 had bilateral, 12 had unilateral CIS of the urinary tract. The average period of observation was 49.9 months (ranging from 5 to 196 months), and the average subject age was 74.8 years (ranging from 56 to 90 years). We used a double-J catheter for 22 cases, a transvesical single-J catheter whose curl was positions in an upper calyx for 8 cases, and a straight ureteral catheter inserted for ureterocutaneostomy for 1 case. We used 80 mg of BCG for the first five cases, 40 mg for the late 26 cases. Urine cytology was performed to assess the treatment validity. Results: Of the 31 cases, the treatment protocol was completed in 27 cases. Urine cytology tests became negative in 25 of the 31 subjects (80.7%) who underwent upper urinary tract perfusion. Among these 22 subjects who had negative tests, 8 subjects had a recurrence in their upper urinary tracts. Side effects were observed in 28 subjects (90.3%), and the most common side effect was bladder irritation. Localized renal tuberculosis, which was successfully treated with conservative therapy, was seen in two cases. Conclusions: BCG perfusion therapy for the upper urinary tract CIS is effective. However, severe side effects are possible, and careful observation is essential while using this therapy.

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Expression of Semaphorin 3A in Malignant and Normal Bladder Tissue: Immunohistochemistry Staining and Morphometric Evaluation

Biology ◽

10.3390/biology10020109 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 109

Author(s):

Ilan Bejar ◽

Jacob Rubinstein ◽

Jacob Bejar ◽

Edmond Sabo ◽

Hilla K Sheffer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Urothelial Carcinoma ◽

Carcinoma In Situ ◽

Urothelial Cancer ◽

Basal Layer ◽

Low Grade ◽

High Grade ◽

Bladder Tissue ◽

Normal Bladder ◽

Normal Bladder Tissue

Introduction: Our previous studies showed elevated levels of Semaphorin3a (Sema3A) in the urine of patients with urothelial cancer compared to healthy patients. The aim of this study was to analyze the extent of Sema3A expression in normal and malignant urothelial tissue using immune-staining microscopic and morphometric analysis. Materials and Methods: Fifty-seven paraffin-embedded bladder samples were retrieved from our pathology archive and analyzed: 14 samples of normal urothelium, 21 samples containing low-grade urothelial carcinoma, 13 samples of patients with high-grade urothelial carcinoma, 7 samples containing muscle invasive urothelial carcinoma, and 2 samples with pure urothelial carcinoma in situ. All samples were immunostained with anti Sema3A antibodies. The area of tissue stained with Sema3A and its intensity were analyzed using computerized morphometry and compared between the samples’ groups. Results: In normal bladder tissue, very light Sema3A staining was demonstrated on the mucosal basal layer and completely disappeared on the apical layer. In low-grade tumor samples, cells in the basal layer of the mucosa were also lightly stained with Sema3A, but Seama3A expression intensified upon moving apically, reaching its highest level on apical cells exfoliating to the urine. In high grade urothelial tumors, Seama3A staining was intense in the entire thickness of the mucosa. In samples containing carcinoma in situ, staining intensity was high and homogenous in all the neoplastic cells. Conclusions: Sema3A may be serve as a potential non-invasive marker of urothelial cancer.

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Progression of urothelial carcinoma in situ of the urinary bladder: a switch from luminal to basal phenotype and related therapeutic implications

Virchows Archiv ◽

10.1007/s00428-018-2354-9 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 472 (5) ◽

pp. 749-758 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Isabella Barth ◽

Ursula Schneider ◽

Tobias Grimm ◽

Alexander Karl ◽

David Horst ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Urinary Bladder ◽

Urothelial Carcinoma ◽

Carcinoma In Situ ◽

Therapeutic Implications ◽

Basal Phenotype

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Improved Filter Method for Urine Sediment Detection of Urothelial Carcinoma by Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization

Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine ◽

10.5858/2007-131-1574-ifmfus ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 131 (10) ◽

pp. 1574-1577 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Isabelle Meiers ◽

Harpreet Singh ◽

Deloar Hossain ◽

Kevin Lang ◽

Lina Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

In Situ Hybridization ◽

Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization ◽

Urothelial Carcinoma ◽

Urine Cytology ◽

Filter Method ◽

Urine Sediment ◽

Specific Test ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Time Required

AbstractContext.—Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) of voided urine sediment is a sensitive and specific test for the detection of urothelial carcinoma. The time required for slide preparation using the conventional cytospin method is lengthy.Objective.—To present an alternative to the conventional cytospin method.Design.—We compared the results of an improved filter monolayer method with published results of the conventional cytospin method. A total of 624 patients with cytology and FISH analyses were followed with cystoscopy and/ or bladder biopsy. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis was performed on 624 cases using fluorescence-labeled probes to the pericentromeric regions of chromosomes 3, 7, and 17 and band 9p21; cytology was also performed in all cases.Results.—A total of 217 (34.7%) of 624 patients had follow-up bladder biopsies, and 170 of these (78.3%) had urothelial carcinoma. The sensitivity for cancer detection was higher for FISH than for urine cytology (92.9% [158/ 170] for FISH vs 72.9% [124/170] for urine cytology, P = <5%). The specificity was equivalent for FISH and urine cytology (97.5% [443/454] for FISH vs 92.2% [419/454] for cytology). The sensitivity for FISH was better (92.9% vs 81%), and there was no significant difference in specificity (97.5% vs 96%) between the filter method and the conventional cytospin method. Unlike the conventional cytospin method, the filter method did not require multiple centrifugation and decantation steps or investment in dedicated equipment.Conclusions.—The improved filter method was faster, easier, and less expensive than published results with the conventional cytospin method with better sensitivity and equivalent specificity.

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Urothelial Carcinoma In Situ

Diagnostic Pathology: Genitourinary ◽

10.1016/b978-0-323-37714-0.50072-9 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 332-339

Keyword(s):

Urothelial Carcinoma ◽

Carcinoma In Situ

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Does the addition of AMACR to CK20 help to diagnose challenging cases of urothelial carcinoma in situ?

Diagnostic Pathology ◽

10.1186/s13000-019-0871-8 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Erin L. J. Alston ◽

Debra L. Zynger

Keyword(s):

Urothelial Carcinoma ◽

Carcinoma In Situ

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Urothelial Carcinoma In Situ and Treatment of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Failures

Urologic Oncology ◽

10.1007/978-3-319-42623-5_21 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 337-349

Author(s):

David D’Andrea ◽

Fred Witjes ◽

Francesco Soria ◽

Shahrokh F. Shariat

Keyword(s):

Urothelial Carcinoma ◽

Carcinoma In Situ ◽

Bacillus Calmette Guerin

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Are there differences between de novo and secondary upper tract urothelial carcinoma tumours?

Canadian Urological Association Journal ◽

10.5489/cuaj.5595 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 (9) ◽

Author(s):

Hanan Goldberg ◽

Douglas C. Cheung ◽

Thenappan Chandrasekar ◽

Zachary Klaassen ◽

Christopher J.D. Wallis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Urothelial Carcinoma ◽

Carcinoma In Situ ◽

De Novo ◽

Cox Model ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma ◽

Specific Mortality ◽

Cancer Specific Mortality ◽

Bladder Recurrence

Introduction: Upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) accounts for <5% of all urothelial cancers. We aimed to ascertain the clinical differences between UTUC tumours presenting de novo (DnUTUC) and those presenting secondary (SUTUC) following a bladder cancer diagnosis. Methods: Our institutional database was queried for all UTUC patients who were surgically treated with radical nephroureterectomy or ureterectomy between 2003 and 2017. Bladder recurrence and cancer-specific mortality were compared. To reduce the possible bias due to confounding variables obtained from a simple comparison of outcomes, DnUTUC patients were matched (for age, gender, tumour location, type of surgery, grade, TNM staging, presence of carcinoma in situ, and lymphovascular invasion) with propensity score to SUTUC patients. Bladder recurrence and cancer-specific mortality were assessed with Cox proportional hazards model. Results: A total of 117 UTUC patients were identified: 80 with DnUTUC (68.4%) and 37 with SUTUC (31.6%). A greater proportion of males with SUTUC was demonstrated (89.2% vs. 68.8; p=0.02). In both groups, 67.5% of patients had high-grade disease, but SUTUC demonstrated a higher carcinoma in situ rate (43.2% vs. 25%; p=0.047). Univariate analysis demonstrated that the five-year bladder recurrence rate was trending to be higher in SUTUC (65.3% vs. 20.5%; p=0.099). In the Cox model, however, it was associated with increased bladder recurrence (hazard ratio [HR] 3.69; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.68–8.09; p=0.001). Although univariate analysis demonstrated that SUTUC patients were more likely to die of their disease (30.6% vs. 9%; p=0.009), the multivariable Cox model did not demonstrate this association. The limitations of this study include its retrospective, single-centre design and relatively small cohort of patients. Conclusions: In this hypothesis-generating study, some evidence suggests that further research is needed to delineate differences between SUTUC and DnUTUC.

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Urothelial Carcinoma in Situ

Encyclopedia of Pathology ◽

10.1007/978-3-319-28845-1_4980-1 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

Rita Canas-Marques ◽

Maria Rosaria Raspollini ◽

Alessia Cimadamore ◽

Rodolfo Montironi ◽

Liang Cheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Urothelial Carcinoma ◽

Carcinoma In Situ

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