scholarly journals Maternal age effects on fecundity and offspring egg-to-adult viability are not affected by mitochondrial haplotype

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (22) ◽  
pp. 10722-10732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca E. Koch ◽  
James M. Phillips ◽  
M. Florencia Camus ◽  
Damian K. Dowling
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Age ◽  
Age Effects ◽  
Mitochondrial Haplotype

Parental breeding age effects on descendants’ longevity interact over two generations in matrilines and patrilines

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zac Wylde ◽  
Foteini Spagopoulou ◽  
Amy K Hooper ◽  
Alexei A Maklakov ◽  
Russell Bonduriansky
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Age ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Age Effects ◽  
Population Variation ◽  
Paternal Age ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Competitive Environment ◽  
Larval Diet ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Two Generations

Individuals within populations vary enormously in mortality risk and longevity, but the causes of this variation remain poorly understood. A potentially important and phylogenetically widespread source of such variation is maternal age at breeding, which typically has negative effects on offspring longevity. Here, we show that paternal age can affect offspring longevity as strongly as maternal age does, and that breeding age effects can interact over two generations in both matrilines and patrilines. We manipulated maternal and paternal ages at breeding over two generations in the neriid fly Telostylinus angusticollis. To determine whether breeding age effects can be modulated by the environment, we also manipulated larval diet and male competitive environment in the first generation. We found separate and interactive effects of parental and grandparental ages at breeding on descendants’ mortality rate and lifespan in both matrilines and patrilines. These breeding age effects were not modulated by grandparental larval diet quality or competitive environment. Our findings suggest that variation in maternal and paternal ages at breeding could contribute substantially to intra-population variation in mortality and longevity.

The fisheries management implications of maternal-age-dependent larval survival

2006 ◽  
Vol 63 (10) ◽  
pp. 2249-2258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael R O'Farrell ◽  
Louis W Botsford
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Larval Survival ◽  
Age Effects ◽  
Fishing Mortality ◽  
Black Rockfish

A common goal of conventional fisheries management is to maintain fishing mortality at a rate that ensures an adequate level of lifetime egg production (LEP) for population sustainability. However, larvae from young spawners can experience higher mortality rates than larvae of older spawners, reducing the effect of egg production by young females (hereafter, maternal age effects). This reduction leads to an error in LEP that can be accounted for by reducing the fishing mortality rate, but raises the question of the magnitude of these errors if they are present but not accounted for. Calculations using parameters from a typical long-lived fish demonstrated that maternal age effects resulted in large errors in estimates of lifetime reproduction when there was a large contrast in the larval mortality rate extending over the reproductive life span. Errors were small when maternal age effects reduced the reproductive potential of only the very youngest spawners, at ages when a small fraction of females are mature. A specific example using the empirically derived maternal age effect for black rockfish (Sebastes melanops) indicated that errors in traditional management would be small for this species.

Parental Age and Schizophrenia

1966 ◽  
Vol 112 (490) ◽  
pp. 899-905 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. L. Granville-Grossman
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Age ◽  
Age Effect ◽  
Age Effects ◽  
Paternal Age ◽  
Considerable Importance ◽  
Parental Age ◽  
Advanced Paternal Age ◽  
Older Parents ◽  
Maternal Age Effect ◽  
Environmental Causes

Reports that schizophrenics have older parents than non-schizophrenics (Barry, 1945; Goodman, 1957; Johanson, 1958; Gregory, 1959) are of considerable importance. If valid, they provide evidence for environmental causes of schizophrenia, and by analogy with other conditions where parental age effects have been noted may give some indication of the nature of these causes. There are, however, inconsistencies in these studies: thus Johanson and Gregory found a significant association between advanced paternal age and schizophrenia, but failed to confirm the maternal age effect noted by Barry and Goodman. These differences indicate the need for further investigation and this paper describes such a study.

scholarly journals Maternal cohort, time of stillbirth, and maternal age effects in Italian stillbirth mortality.

1990 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Parazzini ◽  
C La Vecchia ◽  
G Mezzanotte ◽  
L Fedele
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Age ◽  
Age Effects

scholarly journals Disease spread in age structured populations with maternal age effects

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 445-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Clark ◽  
Jennie S. Garbutt ◽  
Luke McNally ◽  
Tom J. Little
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Age ◽  
Age Effects ◽  
Structured Populations ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Age Structured

scholarly journals Evolution of differential maternal age effects on male and female offspring development and longevity

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin I. Lind ◽  
Elena C. Berg ◽  
Ghazal Alavioon ◽  
Alexei A. Maklakov
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Age ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
Age Effects ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Offspring Development

scholarly journals Maternal age alters offspring lifespan, fitness, and lifespan extension under caloric restriction

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha J. Bock ◽  
George C. Jarvis ◽  
Emily L. Corey ◽  
Emily E. Stone ◽  
Kristin E. Gribble
Keyword(s):  
Caloric Restriction ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Life History Theory ◽  
Maternal Investment ◽  
Age Effects ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Lifespan Extension ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Food Conditions

ABSTRACTMaternal age has a negative effect on offspring lifespan in a range of taxa and is hypothesized to influence the evolution of aging. However, the mechanisms of maternal age effects are unknown, and it remains unclear if maternal age alters offspring response to therapeutic interventions to aging. Here, we evaluate maternal age effects on offspring lifespan, reproduction, and the response to caloric restriction, and investigate maternal investment as a source of maternal age effects using the rotifer,Brachionus manjavacas, an aquatic invertebrate. We found that offspring lifespan and fecundity decline with increasing maternal age. Caloric restriction increases lifespan in all offspring, but the magnitude of lifespan extension is greater in the offspring from older mothers. The trade-off between reproduction and lifespan extension under low food conditions expected by life history theory is observed in young-mother offspring, but not in old-mother offspring. Age-related changes in maternal resource allocation to reproduction do not drive changes in offspring fitness or plasticity under caloric restriction inB. manjavacas. Our results suggest that the declines in reproduction in old-mother offspring negate the evolutionary fitness benefits of lifespan extension under caloric restriction.

scholarly journals Evaluating the diversity of maternal age effects upon neonatal survival across animal species

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Ivimey-Cook ◽  
Jacob Moorad
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Effect ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Evolutionary Genetics ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Age Effects ◽  
Offspring Performance ◽  
Wild Mammals ◽  
Bird Populations ◽  
General Importance

AbstractMaternal effect senescence is the detrimental effect of increased maternal age on offspring performance. Despite much recent interest given to describing this phenomenon, its origins and distribution across the tree-of-life are poorly understood. We find that age affects neonatal survival in 83 of 90 studies across 51 species, but we observed a puzzling difference between groups of animal species. Amongst wild bird populations, the average effect of age was only −0.7% per standardized unit of increasing age, but maternal effects clearly senesced in laboratory invertebrates (−67.1%) and wild mammals (−57.8%). Comparisons amongst demographic predictions derived from evolutionary theory and conventional demographic models suggest that natural selection has shaped maternal effect senescence in the natural world. These results emphasize both the general importance of maternal age effects and the potential for evolutionary genetics to provide a valuable framework for understanding the diversity of this manifestation of ageing in animal species.

Geographic Variation in Maternal-Age Effects on Diapause in a Cricket

Evolution ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 1053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy A. Mousseau
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Variation ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Age Effects
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