Atmospheric River Life Cycle Responses to the Madden Julian Oscillation

Abstract This study introduces a nonlinear clustering technique based on a self-organizing map (SOM) algorithm to identify horizontal and vertical structures of the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) through its life cycle. The SOM description of the MJO does not need intraseasonal bandpass filtering or selection of leading modes. MJO phases are defined by SOM based on state similarities in chosen variables. Spatial patterns of rainfall-related variables in a given MJO phase defined by SOM are distinct from those in other phases. The structural evolution of the MJO derived from SOM agrees with those from other methods in certain aspects and differs in others. SOM reveals that the dominant longitudinal structure in the diabatic heating and related fields of the MJO is a dipole or tripole pattern with a zonal scale close to that of zonal wavenumber 2, as opposed to zonal wavenumber 1 suggested by other methods. Results from SOM suggest that the MJO life cycle may be composed of quasi-stationary stages of strong, coherent spatial patterns with relatively fast transition in between that is less coherent and weaker. The utility of SOM to isolate signals of an individual MJO event in a case study is illustrated. The results from this study show that some known gross features of the MJO are independent of diagnostic methods, but other properties of the MJO may be sensitive to the choice of diagnosis method.

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Skillful empirical subseasonal prediction of landfalling atmospheric river activity using the Madden–Julian oscillation and quasi-biennial oscillation

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science ◽

10.1038/s41612-017-0008-2 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

Bryan D. Mundhenk ◽

Elizabeth A. Barnes ◽

Eric D. Maloney ◽

Cory F. Baggett

Keyword(s):

Madden Julian Oscillation ◽

Quasi Biennial Oscillation ◽

Atmospheric River ◽

Biennial Oscillation

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Atmospheric River Lifecycle Responses to the Madden Julian Oscillation

Geophysical Research Letters ◽

10.1029/2020gl090983 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yang Zhou ◽

Hyemi Kim ◽

Duane E. Waliser

Keyword(s):

Madden Julian Oscillation ◽

Atmospheric River

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Ultrastructural analysis of “Sensory” surface nerve endings and “putative” neurotransmitter sites in Schistosoma mansoni Miracidia

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100156791 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 47 ◽

pp. 962-963

Author(s):

Betty Ruth Jones ◽

Steve Chi-Tang Pan

Keyword(s):

Nervous System ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Schistosoma Mansoni ◽

Snail Host ◽

Complex Life Cycle ◽

Rational Approach ◽

Effective Control ◽

The Social ◽

Social And Economic Development ◽

Basic Biology

INTRODUCTION: Schistosomiasis has been described as “one of the most devastating diseases of mankind, second only to malaria in its deleterious effects on the social and economic development of populations in many warm areas of the world.” The disease is worldwide and is probably spreading faster and becoming more intense than the overall research efforts designed to provide the basis for countering it. Moreover, there are indications that the development of water resources and the demands for increasing cultivation and food in developing countries may prevent adequate control of the disease and thus the number of infections are increasing.Our knowledge of the basic biology of the parasites causing the disease is far from adequate. Such knowledge is essential if we are to develop a rational approach to the effective control of human schistosomiasis. The miracidium is the first infective stage in the complex life cycle of schistosomes. The future of the entire life cycle depends on the capacity and ability of this organism to locate and enter a suitable snail host for further development, Little is known about the nervous system of the miracidium of Schistosoma mansoni and of other trematodes. Studies indicate that miracidia contain a well developed and complex nervous system that may aid the larvae in locating and entering a susceptible snail host (Wilson, 1970; Brooker, 1972; Chernin, 1974; Pan, 1980; Mehlhorn, 1988; and Jones, 1987-1988).

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A freeze-fracture-etched study of the physarum polycephalum plasma membrane during early formation of the macroplasmodial stage

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100147570 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 51 ◽

pp. 346-347

Author(s):

Randolph W. Taylor ◽

Henrie Treadwell

Keyword(s):

Plasma Membrane ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Growth Phase ◽

Filter Paper ◽

Physarum Polycephalum ◽

Freeze Fracture ◽

Petri Dish ◽

Wire Screen ◽

Wide Mouth ◽

Sterile Filter

The plasma membrane of the Slime Mold, Physarum polycephalum, process unique morphological distinctions at different stages of the life cycle. Investigations of the plasma membrane of P. polycephalum, particularly, the arrangements of the intramembranous particles has provided useful information concerning possible changes occurring in higher organisms. In this report Freeze-fracture-etched techniques were used to investigate 3 hours post-fusion of the macroplasmodia stage of the P. polycephalum plasma membrane.Microplasmodia of Physarum polycephalum (M3C), axenically maintained, were collected in mid-expotential growth phase by centrifugation. Aliquots of microplasmodia were spread in 3 cm circles with a wide mouth pipette onto sterile filter paper which was supported on a wire screen contained in a petri dish. The cells were starved for 2 hrs at 24°C. After starvation, the cells were feed semidefined medium supplemented with hemin and incubated at 24°C. Three hours after incubation, samples were collected randomly from the petri plates, placed in plancettes and frozen with a propane-nitrogen jet freezer.

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