scholarly journals Droplet Microfluidics for Tumor Drug‐Related Studies and Programmable Artificial Cells

2021 ◽  
pp. 2000123
Author(s):  
Pantelitsa Dimitriou ◽  
Jin Li ◽  
Giusy Tornillo ◽  
Thomas McCloy ◽  
David Barrow
Keyword(s):  
Droplet Microfluidics ◽  
Artificial Cells

scholarly journals Bioluminescent detection of isothermal DNA amplification in microfluidic generated droplets and artificial cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Hardinge ◽  
Divesh K. Baxani ◽  
Thomas McCloy ◽  
James A. H. Murray ◽  
Oliver K. Castell
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Soft Matter ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Diagnostic Technique ◽  
Dna Amplification ◽  
Droplet Microfluidics ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic ◽  
Artificial Cells

AbstractMicrofluidic droplet generation affords precise, low volume, high throughput opportunities for molecular diagnostics. Isothermal DNA amplification with bioluminescent detection is a fast, low-cost, highly specific molecular diagnostic technique that is triggerable by temperature. Combining loop-mediated isothermal nucleic acid amplification (LAMP) and bioluminescent assay in real time (BART), with droplet microfluidics, should enable high-throughput, low copy, sequence-specific DNA detection by simple light emission. Stable, uniform LAMP–BART droplets are generated with low cost equipment. The composition and scale of these droplets are controllable and the bioluminescent output during DNA amplification can be imaged and quantified. Furthermore these droplets are readily incorporated into encapsulated droplet interface bilayers (eDIBs), or artificial cells, and the bioluminescence tracked in real time for accurate quantification off chip. Microfluidic LAMP–BART droplets with high stability and uniformity of scale coupled with high throughput and low cost generation are suited to digital DNA quantification at low template concentrations and volumes, where multiple measurement partitions are required. The triggerable reaction in the core of eDIBs can be used to study the interrelationship of the droplets with the environment and also used for more complex chemical processing via a self-contained network of droplets, paving the way for smart soft-matter diagnostics.

Droplet microfluidics for the study of artificial cells

2011 ◽  
Vol 400 (6) ◽  
pp. 1705-1716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiro Takinoue ◽  
Shoji Takeuchi
Keyword(s):  
Droplet Microfluidics ◽  
Artificial Cells

scholarly journals Droplet microfluidics for the construction of compartmentalised model membranes

Lab on a Chip ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (17) ◽  
pp. 2488-2509 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Trantidou ◽  
M. S. Friddin ◽  
A. Salehi-Reyhani ◽  
O. Ces ◽  
Y. Elani
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Synthetic Biology ◽  
Model Membrane ◽  
Model Membranes ◽  
Droplet Microfluidics ◽  
Cell Models ◽  
Artificial Cells ◽  
Drug Delivery Vehicles ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Delivery Vehicles

This tutorial review explores the use of droplet microfluidics to generate compartmentalised model membrane constructs that have potential applications as microreactors, as artificial cells in synthetic biology, as simplified cell models and as drug delivery vehicles.

Artificial cells containing sustainable energy conversion engines

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 573-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwanwoo Shin
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide ◽  
Sustainable Energy ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Energy Transduction ◽  
Artificial Cells ◽  
Energy Conversion Process ◽  
Metabolic Reactions ◽  
Metabolic Activities ◽  
Reduced Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide

Living cells naturally maintain a variety of metabolic reactions via energy conversion mechanisms that are coupled to proton transfer across cell membranes, thereby producing energy-rich compounds. Until now, researchers have been unable to maintain continuous biochemical reactions in artificially engineered cells, mainly due to the lack of mechanisms that generate energy-rich resources, such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH). If these metabolic activities in artificial cells are to be sustained, reliable energy transduction strategies must be realized. In this perspective, this article discusses the development of an artificially engineered cell containing a sustainable energy conversion process.

scholarly journals Microdroplet-based system for culturing of environmental microorganisms using FNAP-sort

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanako Saito ◽  
Yuri Ota ◽  
Dieter M. Tourlousse ◽  
Satoko Matsukura ◽  
Hirotsugu Fujitani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
High Purity ◽  
Droplet Microfluidics ◽  
Individual Growth ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Widespread Adoption ◽  
Technical Challenges ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Uncultured Microorganisms ◽  
Environmental Microbes

AbstractDroplet microfluidics has emerged as a powerful technology for improving the culturing efficiency of environmental microorganisms. However, its widespread adoption has been limited due to considerable technical challenges, especially related to identification and manipulation of individual growth-positive droplets. Here, we combined microfluidic droplet technology with on-chip “fluorescent nucleic acid probe in droplets for bacterial sorting” (FNAP-sort) for recovery of growth-positive droplets and droplet microdispensing to establish an end-to-end workflow for isolation and culturing of environmental microbes. As a proof-of-concept, we demonstrate the ability of our technique to yield high-purity cultures of rare microorganisms from a representative complex environmental microbiome. As our system employs off-the-shelf commercially available equipment, we believe that it can be readily adopted by others and may thus find widespread use toward culturing the high proportion of as-of-yet uncultured microorganisms in different biomes.

scholarly journals Interfacial Tension Measurements in Microfluidic Quasi-Static Extensional Flows

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 272
Author(s):  
Doojin Lee ◽  
Amy Q. Shen
Keyword(s):  
Interfacial Tension ◽  
Microfluidic Device ◽  
Extensional Flow ◽  
Immiscible Fluids ◽  
Droplet Microfluidics ◽  
Channel Height ◽  
Deformation Model ◽  
Droplet Deformation ◽  
Extensional Flows ◽  
2D Model

Droplet microfluidics provides a versatile tool for measuring interfacial tensions between two immiscible fluids owing to its abilities of fast response, enhanced throughput, portability and easy manipulations of fluid compositions, comparing to conventional techniques. Purely homogeneous extension in the microfluidic device is desirable to measure the interfacial tension because the flow field enables symmetric droplet deformation along the outflow direction. To do so, we designed a microfluidic device consisting of a droplet production region to first generate emulsion droplets at a flow-focusing area. The droplets are then trapped at a stagnation point in the cross junction area, subsequently being stretched along the outflow direction under the extensional flow. These droplets in the device are either confined or unconfined in the channel walls depending on the channel height, which yields different droplet deformations. To calculate the interfacial tension for confined and unconfined droplet cases, quasi-static 2D Darcy approximation model and quasi-static 3D small deformation model are used. For the confined droplet case under the extensional flow, an effective viscosity of the two immiscible fluids, accounting for the viscosity ratio of continuous and dispersed phases, captures the droplet deformation well. However, the 2D model is limited to the case where the droplet is confined in the channel walls and deforms two-dimensionally. For the unconfined droplet case, the 3D model provides more robust estimates than the 2D model. We demonstrate that both 2D and 3D models provide good interfacial tension measurements under quasi-static extensional flows in comparison with the conventional pendant drop method.

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