scholarly journals Amyloid‐β plaques affect astrocyte Kir4.1 protein expression but not function in the dentate gyrus of APP / PS1 mice

Glia ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiaan F. M. Huffels ◽  
Lana M. Osborn ◽  
Lianne A. Hulshof ◽  
Lieneke Kooijman ◽  
Lukas Henning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Dentate Gyrus ◽  
Amyloid Β

scholarly journals Overexpression of protein kinase Mζ in the hippocampal dentate gyrus rescues amyloid-β-induced synaptic dysfunction within entorhinal-hippocampal circuit

2021 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. 160-171
Author(s):  
Shayan Aliakbari ◽  
Mohammad Sayyah ◽  
Hadi Mirzapourdelavar ◽  
Niloufar Amini ◽  
Naser Naghdi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Dentate Gyrus ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Synaptic Dysfunction ◽  
Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus ◽  
Protein Kinase Mζ

scholarly journals Long-term potentiation in the rat dentate gyrus is associated with enhanced Arc/Arg3.1 protein expression in spines, dendrites and glia

2005 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 1264-1264 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Rodríguez ◽  
H. A. Davies ◽  
A. T. Silva ◽  
I. E. J. De Souza ◽  
C. J. Peddie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Dentate Gyrus ◽  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
Term Potentiation

scholarly journals Novelty and Novel Objects Increase c-Fos Immunoreactivity in Mossy Cells in the Mouse Dentate Gyrus

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah L. Bernstein ◽  
Yi-Ling Lu ◽  
Justin J. Botterill ◽  
Helen E. Scharfman
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Dentate Gyrus ◽  
Novelty Detection ◽  
Small Subset ◽  
Novel Object ◽  
Fos Protein ◽  
Novel Objects ◽  
Mossy Cell ◽  
Hilar Neurons

The dentate gyrus (DG) and its primary cell type, the granule cell (GC), are thought to be critical to many cognitive functions. A major neuronal subtype of the DG is the hilar mossy cell (MC). MCs have been considered to play an important role in cognition, but in vivo studies to understand the activity of MCs during cognitive tasks are challenging because the experiments usually involve trauma to the overlying hippocampus or DG, which kills hilar neurons. In addition, restraint typically occurs, and MC activity is reduced by brief restraint stress. Social isolation often occurs and is potentially confounding. Therefore, we used c-fos protein expression to understand when MCs are active in vivo in socially housed adult C57BL/6 mice in their home cage. We focused on c-fos protein expression after animals explored novel objects, based on previous work which showed that MCs express c-fos protein readily in response to a novel housing location. Also, MCs are required for the training component of the novel object location task and novelty-encoding during a food-related task. GluR2/3 was used as a marker of MCs. The results showed that MC c-fos protein is greatly increased after exposure to novel objects, especially in ventral DG. We also found that novel objects produced higher c-fos levels than familiar objects. Interestingly, a small subset of neurons that did not express GluR2/3 also increased c-fos protein after novel object exposure. In contrast, GCs appeared relatively insensitive. The results support a growing appreciation of the role of the DG in novelty detection and novel object recognition, where hilar neurons and especially MCs are very sensitive.

Chronic stress in the adult dentate gyrus reduces cell proliferation near the vasculature and VEGF and Flk-1 protein expression

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1304-1314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivi M. Heine ◽  
Jessica Zareno ◽  
Suharti Maslam ◽  
Marian Joëls ◽  
Paul J. Lucassen
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Dentate Gyrus ◽  
Chronic Stress

scholarly journals Analyses of Cell Type-Specific Effects of MicroRNA-298 on Native Protein Expression Via Truncated 3’UTR Hold Translational Promise

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruizhi Wang ◽  
Debomoy K. Lahiri
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Senile Plaques ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Native Protein ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Specific Cell Type ◽  
Cell Type Specific

Abstract Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is marked by neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques comprising amyloid β (Aβ) peptides. However, specific contributions of different cell types to Aβ deposition remain unknown. Non-coding microRNA (miRNA) play important roles in AD by regulating major proteins involved, like Aβ precursor protein (APP) and β-site APP-cleaving enzyme (BACE1), two key proteins associated with Aβ biogenesis. MiRNAs typically silence protein expression via binding specific sites in 3’- untranslated region (3’UTR) mRNA. MiRNA regulates protein levels in a cell-type specific manner; however, mechanism of miRNA’s variable activities remains unknown. We developed “miRNA-associated native protein expression” (miRnape) assays to determine a natural "UTR limit" for a miRNA’s function in a particular cell type. We report that miR-298 treatment reduced native APP protein levels in an astrocytic but not in a neuronal cell line. From miR-298’s effects on APP-3’UTR activity and native protein levels, we infer that APP 3’-UTR length could explain the differential miR-298’s activity. Such truncated, but natural, 3’-UTR found in a specific cell type provides an opportunity to regulate native protein levels by particular miRNA. Thus, miRNA’s effect tailoring to a specific cell type bypassing another undesired cell type with a truncated 3’-UTR would potentially advance translational research.

scholarly journals Dendrobium alkaloids decrease Aβ by regulating α- and β-secretases in hippocampal neurons of SD rats

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Huang ◽  
Nanqu Huang ◽  
Minghui Zhang ◽  
Jing Nie ◽  
Yunyan Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Hippocampal Neurons ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Aging Effects ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Sd Rats

Background Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the primary cause of dementia in the elderly. The imbalance between production and clearance of amyloid β (Aβ) is a very early, often initiating factor in AD. Dendrobium nobile Lindl. alkaloids (DNLA) extracted from a Chinese medicinal herb, which have been shown to have anti-aging effects, protected against neuronal impairment in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, we confirmed that DNLA can improve learning and memory function in elderly normal mice, indicating that DNLA has potential health benefits. However, the underlying mechanism is unclear. Therefore, we further explored the effect of DNLA on neurons, which is closely related to learning and memory, based on Aβ. Methods We exposed cultured hippocampal neurons to DNLA to investigate the effect of DNLA on Aβ in vitro. Cell viability was evaluated by MTT assays. Proteins were analyzed by Western blot analysis. Results The cell viability of hippocampal neurons was not changed significantly after treatment with DNLA. But DNLA reduced the protein expression of amyloid precursor protein (APP), disintegrin and metalloprotease 10 (ADAM10), β-site APP cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) and Aβ1–42 of hippocampal neurons in rats and increased the protein expression of ADAM17. Conclusions DNLA decreases Aβ by regulating α- and β-secretase in hippocampal neurons of SD rats.

scholarly journals Astragaloside IV Promotes Adult Neurogenesis in Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus of Mouse through CXCL1/CXCR2 Signaling

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 2178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Huang ◽  
Yunyi Lan ◽  
Liyue Qin ◽  
Huaihuai Dong ◽  
Hailian Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Dentate Gyrus ◽  
Adult Neurogenesis ◽  
Astragaloside Iv ◽  
Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus ◽  
Promotive Effect ◽  
Mature Neurons ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Proliferation In Vitro

Astragaloside IV (ASI) has been reported to promote neural stem cells proliferation in vitro and CXCR2 expression on neutrophils. The present study was aimed to investigate the influence of ASI on adult neurogenesis in hippocampal dentate gyrus (DGs) of mouse and to discuss the possible underlying mechanisms. Total number of proliferative cells (BrdU+), pre-mature neurons (DCX+), early proliferative cells (BrdU+/DCX+), proliferative radial gila-like cells (BrdU+/GFAP+) and newly generated neurons (BrdU+/NeuN+) after ASI or vehicle administration for two weeks were counted, respectively. The results showed that BrdU+ cells and DCX+ cells were significantly increased in DGs of mice administered with ASI. The numbers of BrdU+/DCX+, BrdU+/GFAP+ cells and BrdU+/NeuN+ cells were also elevated in the ASI group. Correspondingly, ASI increased the protein expression of hippocampal DCX, GFAP and NeuN. Further study disclosed that ASI remarkably up-regulated the mRNA and protein expressions of CXCL1 as well as that of CXCR2 in the hippocampus. The promotive effect of ASI on DCX, GFAP and NeuN protein expression was abolished by SB225002, the inhibitor of CXCR2. Our results indicated that ASI modulated the homeostasis of the CXCL1/CXCR2 signaling pathway, which might be responsible for the increased neurogenesis within the hippocampal DGs of mice.

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