scholarly journals Effect of corpus callosum damage on ipsilateral motor activation in patients with multiple sclerosis: A functional and anatomical study

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 636-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Delia Lenzi ◽  
Antonella Conte ◽  
Caterina Mainero ◽  
Vittorio Frasca ◽  
Federica Fubelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Motor Activation

Interhemispheric transfer evaluation in multiple sclerosis 1The authors would like to thank Claude-Alain Hauert and Christoph Michel for their assistance in the evaluation of motor tapping and Michel Habib for his suggestions and comments. This work was supported by a grant from the Swiss Society of Multiple Sclerosis.

2000 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 150-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Ortiz ◽  
Michael Reicherts ◽  
Alan J. Pegna ◽  
Encarni Garran ◽  
Michel Chofflon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Lexical Decision ◽  
Dichotic Listening ◽  
Neurological Impairment ◽  
Interhemispheric Transfer ◽  
Decision Task ◽  
Swiss Society ◽  
Listening Test ◽  
Relapsing Remitting

Patients suffering from Multiple Sclerosis (MS) have frequently been found to suffer from damage to callosal fibers. Investigations have shown that this damage is associated with signs of hemisphere disconnections. The aim of our study was to provide evidence for the first signs of interhemispheric dysfunction in a mildly disabled MS population. Therefore, we explored whether the Interhemispheric Transfer (IT) deficit is multi-modal and sought to differentiate two MS evolution forms, on the basis of an interhemispheric disconnection index. Twenty-two patients with relapsing-remitting form of MS (RRMS) and 14 chronic-progressive (CPMS) were compared with matched controls on four tasks: a tachistoscopic verbal and non-verbal decision task, a dichotic listening test, cross tactile finger localization and motor tapping. No overall impairment was seen. The dichotic listening and lexical decision tasks were the most sensitive to MS. In addition, CPMS patients' IT was more impaired and was related to the severity of neurological impairment. The different sizes of the callosal fibers, which determine their vulnerability, may explain the heterogeneity of transfer through the Corpus Callosum. Therefore, evaluation of IT may be of value as an index of evolution in MS.

Abnormal corpus callosum: a sensitive and specific indicator of multiple sclerosis.

Radiology ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 180 (1) ◽  
pp. 215-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
A D Gean-Marton ◽  
L G Vezina ◽  
K I Marton ◽  
G K Stimac ◽  
R G Peyster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Corpus Callosum

scholarly journals A higher proportion of ermin-immunopositive oligodendrocytes in areas of remyelination

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0256155
Author(s):  
Intakhar Ahmad ◽  
Stig Wergeland ◽  
Eystein Oveland ◽  
Lars Bø
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Relative Proportion ◽  
Normal Appearing White Matter ◽  
The Brain

Incomplete remyelination is frequent in multiple sclerosis (MS)-lesions, but there is no established marker for recent remyelination. We investigated the role of the oligodendrocyte/myelin protein ermin in de- and remyelination in the cuprizone (CPZ) mouse model, and in MS. The density of ermin+ oligodendrocytes in the brain was significantly decreased after one week of CPZ exposure (p < 0.02). The relative proportion of ermin+ cells compared to cells positive for the late-stage oligodendrocyte marker Nogo-A increased at the onset of remyelination in the corpus callosum (p < 0.02). The density of ermin-positive cells increased in the corpus callosum during the CPZ-phase of extensive remyelination (p < 0.0001). In MS, the density of ermin+ cells was higher in remyelinated lesion areas compared to non-remyelinated areas both in white- (p < 0.0001) and grey matter (p < 0.0001) and compared to normal-appearing white matter (p < 0.001). Ermin immunopositive cells in MS-lesions were not immunopositive for the early-stage oligodendrocyte markers O4 and O1, but a subpopulation was immunopositive for Nogo-A. The data suggest a relatively higher proportion of ermin immunopositivity in oligodendrocytes compared to Nogo-A indicates recent or ongoing remyelination.

scholarly journals Fatigue and progression of corpus callosum atrophy in multiple sclerosis

2011 ◽  
Vol 258 (12) ◽  
pp. 2199-2205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Özgür Yaldizli ◽  
Stephanie Glassl ◽  
Dietrich Sturm ◽  
Athina Papadopoulou ◽  
Achim Gass ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Corpus Callosum

MRI/MRS of corpus callosum in patients with clinically isolated syndrome suggestive of multiple sclerosis

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 554-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
J P Ranjeva ◽  
J Pelletier ◽  
S Confort-Gouny ◽  
D Ibarrola ◽  
B Audoin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Magnetization Transfer ◽  
Mean Diffusivity ◽  
Clinically Isolated Syndrome ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Magnetization Transfer Ratio ◽  
R Ratio

A trophy of corpus callosum (C C) related to axonal loss has previously been observed in patients at the early stage of clinically definite multiple sclerosis (CDMS). Atrophy increases with the progression of the disease. Nevertheless, no data concerning the onset of atrophy of C C are currently available. The purpose of this study is to determine if damage in callosal tissue was present at the earliest stage of MS, in a subgroup of patients presenting with a clinically isolated syndrome suggestive of MS (C ISSMS), fulfilling the dissemination in space criteria according to McDonald. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) techniques were applied to measure C C volume, magnetization transfer ratio (MTR), mean diffusivity (MD), N-acetyl aspartate/choline-containing compounds (NAA/C ho) ratio, N-acetyl aspartate/total creatine (NA A/C r) ratio and C ho/C r ratio inside the C C of 46 C ISSMS patients and 24 sexand age-matched controls. No atrophy of C C was observed in the C ISSMS group. C C of patients was character ized by decreased MTR and increased MD. No change in the NA A/C r ratio was observed while the NA A/C ho ratio decreased and C ho/C r ratio increased in the splenium and the central anterio r part of C C. These abnormalities were present in patients with, but also without, macroscopic lesions inside the C C. O ur results indicate that diffuse structural and metabolic changes, which may be interpreted as representing predominantly myelin patho logy, occur in the C C at the earliest stage of MS before any atrophy is detected.

scholarly journals Gene expression in oligodendrocytes during remyelination reveals cholesterol homeostasis as a therapeutic target in multiple sclerosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (20) ◽  
pp. 10130-10139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhonda R. Voskuhl ◽  
Noriko Itoh ◽  
Alessia Tassoni ◽  
Macy Akiyo Matsukawa ◽  
Emily Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Cholesterol Synthesis ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Axonal Damage ◽  
Cholesterol Homeostasis ◽  
Sequencing Analysis

Regional differences in neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglia exist in the brain during health, and regional differences in the transcriptome may occur for each cell type during neurodegeneration. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is multifocal, and regional differences in the astrocyte transcriptome occur in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an MS model. MS and EAE are characterized by inflammation, demyelination, and axonal damage, with minimal remyelination. Here, RNA-sequencing analysis of MS tissues from six brain regions suggested a focus on oligodendrocyte lineage cells (OLCs) in corpus callosum. Olig1-RiboTag mice were used to determine the translatome of OLCs in vivo in corpus callosum during the remyelination phase of a chronic cuprizone model with axonal damage. Cholesterol-synthesis gene pathways dominated as the top up-regulated pathways in OLCs during remyelination. In EAE, remyelination was induced with estrogen receptor-β (ERβ) ligand treatment, and up-regulation of cholesterol-synthesis gene expression was again observed in OLCs. ERβ-ligand treatment in the cuprizone model further increased cholesterol synthesis gene expression and enhanced remyelination. Conditional KOs of ERβ in OLCs demonstrated that increased cholesterol-synthesis gene expression in OLCs was mediated by direct effects in both models. To address this direct effect, ChIP assays showed binding of ERβ to the putative estrogen-response element of a key cholesterol-synthesis gene (Fdps). As fetal OLCs are exposed in utero to high levels of estrogens in maternal blood, we discuss how remyelinating properties of estrogen treatment in adults during injury may recapitulate normal developmental myelination through targeting cholesterol homeostasis in OLCs.

Magnetisation transfer of normal appearing white matter in primary progressive multiple sclerosis

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 313-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
S M Leary ◽  
N C Silver ◽  
V L Stevenson ◽  
G J Barker ◽  
D H Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Progressive Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Magnetisation Transfer ◽  
Centrum Semiovale ◽  
Primary Progressive ◽  
Normal Appearing White Matter ◽  
Frontal White Matter

Patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis may develop severe disability despite a paucity of lesions on conventional magnetic resonance imaging, raising the possibility that intrinsic changes in normal appearing white matter (NAWM) contribute to disability. This study has measured magnetisation transfer ratio (MTR), an index of tissue damage, of NAWM in 52 patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis and 26 healthy controls. Absolute values of MTR were obtained from the genu of the corpus callosum and pons, and mean values were calculated from bilateral regions in the centrum semiovale, frontal white matter, parieto-occipital white matter and posterior limb of the internal capsule. The median MTR was lower in all regions in patients compared to controls. Median values (per cent units) were significantly lower in corpus callosum (39.73 vs 40.63; P=0.01), frontal white matter (39.11 vs 39.59; P=0.01) and centrum semiovale (37.21 vs 37.82; P50.05). This study has demonstrated small but widespread decreases in MTR in NAWM in primary progressive multiple sclerosis supporting the hypothesis that there are intrinsic changes in NAWM which may contribute to disability in this patient group.

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