Stormflow Concentration‐Discharge Dynamics of Suspended Sediment and Dissolved Phosphorus in an Agricultural Watershed

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucy A. Rose ◽  
Diana L. Karwan
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
Agricultural Watershed ◽  
Dissolved Phosphorus

scholarly journals Conceptual model of sedimentgraph from flood events in a small agricultural watershed

2008 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazimierz Banasik ◽  
J. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
Sediment Concentration ◽  
Agricultural Watershed ◽  
Sediment Flux ◽  
Flood Events ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Sediment Routing ◽  
Suspended Sediment Flux ◽  
Lag Times

Conceptual model of sedimentgraph from flood events in a small agricultural watershed A procedure for predicting the sediment graph (i.e. the suspended sediment flux), from a small river catchment by heavy rainfall, has been developed using the concept of an instantaneous unit hydrograph (IUH) and dimensionless sediment concentration distribution (DSCD). A formula for instantaneous unit sedimentgraph (IUSG) is presented, and a procedure for estimating the sediment routing coefficient, which is a key parameter of the IUSG, based on measured data of rainfall-runoff-suspended sediment is applied. Field data from a small, field sized agricultural basin, lacated in center of Illinois has been used for analizing lag times for runoff (LAG) and sediment yield (LAGs). Assumptions about sediment generated during rainfall events are discussed.

Evaluation of cattle bedding and grazing BMPs in an agricultural watershed in Alberta

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 326-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry M. Olson ◽  
Andrea R. Kalischuk ◽  
Janna P. Casson ◽  
Colleen A. Phelan
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Agricultural Watershed ◽  
Direct Access ◽  
Percent Cover ◽  
Dissolved Phosphorus ◽  
Beneficial Management Practices ◽  
Bedding Site

This paper highlights the environmental impacts of implementing beneficial management practices to address cattle bedding and direct access to the creek in a study watershed in southern Alberta, Canada. Approximately 35 cow–calf pairs grazed 194 ha of grass forage and had direct access to the creek in the spring and summer. During winter, the cattle were fed adjacent to the creek at an old bedding site. The practice changes included off-stream watering, bedding site relocation and fencing for rotational grazing. The cost was $15,225 and 60 h of labour. Four years of data were used in a before-and-after experimental design to evaluate the practice changes. After two years of post-implementation monitoring, riparian assessments showed an increase in plant diversity, but no change in the percent cover of the riparian species Salix exigua and Juncus balitus and a decrease in Carex sp. (P < 0.05). Water quality monitoring showed a decrease in the difference between upstream and downstream concentrations of total phosphorus, total dissolved phosphorus, total nitrogen, organic nitrogen and Escherichia coli (P < 0.10). These results showed that improved environmental changes in riparian and water quality can be measured following the implementation of beneficial management practices for cattle bedding and grazing.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the effects of some watershed characteristics on water and suspended sediment yield in agricultural and forest dominated watersheds

2021 ◽  
Vol 145 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 249-261
Author(s):  
Tark Çtgez ◽  
Refik Karagül ◽  
Mehmet Özcan
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Agricultural Watershed ◽  
Forested Watershed ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Event ◽  
Total Suspended Sediment ◽  
Watershed Characteristics ◽  
Suspended Sediment Yield

Topography, geological structure and land use play a determinative role in the streamflow and total suspended sediment yield of watersheds having similar climate, soil and vegetation characteristics. In order to facilitate sustainable water resource management and effective land use planning, there is an increasing need for research investigating the effects of these factors. This study was carried out in forested and agricultural dominated subwatersheds of the Big Melen watershed in the Western Black Sea Region of Turkey. Hazelnut plantations are grown on most of the agricultural areas in both watersheds. The forested watershed has a steep topography and its geological structure consists of sandstone-mudstone and sedimentary rock. The agricultural watershed area is larger and unlike the forested watershed, there is argillaceous limestone in its geological structure. The precipitation, streamflow and total suspended sediment yield in the watersheds were measured for two years. The total precipitation of the study area over the two years was 2217.3 mm. The water yield of the forested watershed was 867.6 mm, while that of the agricultural watershed was 654.9 mm. In the two years, the total suspended sediment transported from the forested watershed was 19.51 t ha<sup>-1</sup> and from the agricultural watershed 7.70 t ha<sup>-1</sup>. However, except for the high values measured after an extreme rainfall event, the unit surface suspended sediment yield of the agricultural watershed was found to be higher than that of the forested watershed. These findings showed that watershed characteristics such as slope, geological structure and rainfall intensity may be more effective on the streamflow and total suspended sediment yield of the watersheds than land use.

scholarly journals Comparison of Acoustic to Optical Backscatter Continuous Measurements of Suspended Sediment Concentrations and Their Characterization in an Agriculturally Impacted River

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zacharie Sirabahenda ◽  
André St-Hilaire ◽  
Simon C. Courtenay ◽  
Michael R. van den Heuvel
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler ◽  
Agricultural Watershed ◽  
Indirect Measurements ◽  
Sediment Budgets ◽  
Suspended Sediment Concentrations ◽  
Frequency Monitoring ◽  
Current Profiler ◽  
The Relationship

The increased soil loss in an agricultural watershed raises challengers for river water quality and a reliable automated monitoring for suspended sediment concentrations (SSC) is crucial to evaluate sediment budgets variation in systems. The aims of this study were (1) to test if an acoustic doppler current profiler (ADCP) would give similar results to turbidity probe measurements as a high frequency monitoring tool for suspended sediment; and (2) to analyze the relationship between sediment drivers and SSC in a typical agricultural drainage basin. The acoustic and optical backscatter sensors were used to collect SSC data during the ice-free seasons of four consecutive years in the Dunk River (PEI, Canada). The slopes of the relationships between the two SSC indirect measurements were not significantly different than 1. Correlations between SSC and hydro-meteorological variables showed that the high SSC values were more associated with the streamflow and water velocity than precipitation. This study highlighted the great potential of ADCP for the continuous monitoring of suspended sediment in an agricultural watershed. For summer periods the prevalence of clockwise hysteresis (74.1% of measured rainstorm events with SSC > 25 mg L−1) appeared related to rainstorm behaviors.

Kinetics and Modeling of Dissolved Phosphorus Export from a Tile-Drained Agricultural Watershed

1998 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 917-922 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Xue ◽  
Mark B. David ◽  
Lowell E. Gentry ◽  
David A. Kovacic
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Watershed ◽  
Dissolved Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus Export

Stream phosphorus and nitrogen export from agricultural and forested watersheds on the Boreal Plain

1998 ◽  
Vol 55 (10) ◽  
pp. 2292-2299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra E Cooke ◽  
Ellie E Prepas
Keyword(s):  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Agricultural Watershed ◽  
Particulate Phosphorus ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Agricultural Watersheds ◽  
Forested Watersheds ◽  
Dissolved Phosphorus ◽  
Agricultural Streams ◽  
Dissolved Reactive Phosphorus ◽  
Reactive Phosphorus

We evaluated phosphorus (P) and inorganic nitrogen (IN) export from two agricultural and two forested watersheds on the nutrient-rich but relief-poor Boreal Plain. One agricultural stream was in a watershed that contained cropland, while the second consisted of mixed agricultural activities. Over the 2-year study, total dissolved phosphorus (TDP) concentrations were proportionately high, particularly in the agricultural streams. Flow-weighted TDP averaged 82% of the total phosphorus (TP) in the agricultural streams and 43% in the forested streams. In all watersheds, TDP was almost exclusively dissolved reactive phosphorus and most of the annual P export was in summer. The type of agricultural activity in the watershed influenced IN speciation; in the mixed agricultural watershed, 94% of IN export was ammonium, whereas 98% of IN load was nitrate from the cropland watershed. Disproportionately high TDP to TP export from agricultural watersheds suggests that, in areas of low relief and relatively high soil water P content, land clearing may influence dissolved more than particulate phosphorus export.

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