scholarly journals Evaluation of the effects of some watershed characteristics on water and suspended sediment yield in agricultural and forest dominated watersheds

2021 ◽  
Vol 145 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 249-261
Author(s):  
Tark Çtgez ◽  
Refik Karagül ◽  
Mehmet Özcan
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Agricultural Watershed ◽  
Forested Watershed ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Event ◽  
Total Suspended Sediment ◽  
Watershed Characteristics ◽  
Suspended Sediment Yield

Topography, geological structure and land use play a determinative role in the streamflow and total suspended sediment yield of watersheds having similar climate, soil and vegetation characteristics. In order to facilitate sustainable water resource management and effective land use planning, there is an increasing need for research investigating the effects of these factors. This study was carried out in forested and agricultural dominated subwatersheds of the Big Melen watershed in the Western Black Sea Region of Turkey. Hazelnut plantations are grown on most of the agricultural areas in both watersheds. The forested watershed has a steep topography and its geological structure consists of sandstone-mudstone and sedimentary rock. The agricultural watershed area is larger and unlike the forested watershed, there is argillaceous limestone in its geological structure. The precipitation, streamflow and total suspended sediment yield in the watersheds were measured for two years. The total precipitation of the study area over the two years was 2217.3 mm. The water yield of the forested watershed was 867.6 mm, while that of the agricultural watershed was 654.9 mm. In the two years, the total suspended sediment transported from the forested watershed was 19.51 t ha<sup>-1</sup> and from the agricultural watershed 7.70 t ha<sup>-1</sup>. However, except for the high values measured after an extreme rainfall event, the unit surface suspended sediment yield of the agricultural watershed was found to be higher than that of the forested watershed. These findings showed that watershed characteristics such as slope, geological structure and rainfall intensity may be more effective on the streamflow and total suspended sediment yield of the watersheds than land use.

scholarly journals The Long-Term Effects of Land Use and Climate Changes on the Hydro-Morphology of the Reno River Catchment (Northern Italy)

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1831 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donatella Pavanelli ◽  
Claudio Cavazza ◽  
Stevo Lavrnić ◽  
Attilio Toscano
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Single Channel ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Lulc Changes ◽  
Suspended Sediment Yield

Anthropogenic activities, and in particular land use/land cover (LULC) changes, have a considerable effect on rivers’ flow rates and their morphologies. A representative example of those changes and resulting impacts on the fluvial environment is the Reno Mountain Basin (RMB), located in Northern Italy. Characterized by forest exploitation and agricultural production until World War II, today the RMB consists predominantly of meadows, forests and uncultivated land, as a result of agricultural land abandonment. This study focuses on the changes of the Reno river’s morphology since the 1950s, with an objective of analyzing the factors that caused and influenced those changes. The factors considered were LULC changes, the Reno river flow rate and suspended sediment yield, and local climate data (precipitation and temperature). It was concluded that LUCL changes caused some important modifications in the riparian corridor, riverbed size, and river flow rate. A 40–80% reduction in the river bed area was observed, vegetation developed in the riparian buffer strips, and the river channel changed from braided to a single channel. The main causes identified are reductions in the river flow rate and suspended sediment yield (−36% and −38%, respectively), while climate change did not have a significant effect.

scholarly journals Geo(Im)pulse | River Meuse suspended sediment yield: a new estimate and past estimates revisited

2008 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.J. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Rainfall Erosivity ◽  
Late 20Th Century ◽  
Suspended Sediment Yield ◽  
River Meuse ◽  
Sediment Data

AbstractDespite increasing research into changes in the discharge of the River Meuse, estimates of the river’s sediment yield are less forthcoming. Three published studies (in 1883, 1982, and 1987) have estimated suspended sediment yield at the Belgian-Dutch border; the latter two studies surmise that this increased substantially between the late 19th and 20th Centuries. In this paper a more recent and longer time-series of observed discharge and suspended sediment data (1995 – 2005) is used to estimate mean annual suspended sediment yield (ca. 386,000 Mg.a−1), and the results of the previous studies are revisited. New insights suggest that those studies do not in themselves provide evidence of increased sediment yield: the higher estimates in the late 20th Century could equally be due to interannual variability or methodological differences. Furthermore, there has been no significant increase in rainfall erosivity between the late 19th and 20th Centuries, and the effect of land use change over that time would have been to cause a decrease in suspended sediment yield, rather than an increase.

Subsurface Discharge and Suspended Sediment Yield Interactions in a Valley Head of a Small Forested Watershed

1996 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomomi Terajima ◽  
Tomoki Sakamoto ◽  
Yuichiro Nakai ◽  
Kenzo Kitamura
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Forested Watershed ◽  
Suspended Sediment Yield

scholarly journals The impact of land use and climate change on late Holocene and future suspended sediment yield of the Meuse catchment

Geomorphology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 389-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip J. Ward ◽  
Ronald T. van Balen ◽  
Gert Verstraeten ◽  
Hans Renssen ◽  
Jef Vandenberghe
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Late Holocene ◽  
Suspended Sediment Yield ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals How does the suspended sediment yield change in the North Caucasus during the Anthropocene?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anatolii Tsyplenkov ◽  
Valentin Golosov ◽  
Pelagiya Belyakova
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Sediment Flux ◽  
Northern Caucasus ◽  
Land Use Impacts ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Sediment Yields ◽  
Suspended Sediment Yield

Quantifying and understanding catchment sediment yields is crucial both from a scientific and environmental management perspective. To deepen the understanding of land use impacts and climate change on sediment load, we explore mechanisms of the suspended sediment yield formation in the Northern Caucasus during the Anthropocene. We examine how sediment flux of various river basins with different land-use/landcover and glacier cover changes during the 1925-2018 period. Our analysis is based on observed mean annual suspended sediment discharges (SSD, kg·s−1) and annual fluxes (SSL, t·yr−1) from 33 Roshydromet gauging stations (Russia). SSL series have been analyzed to detect statistically significant changes during the 1925-2018 period. The occurrence of abrupt change points in SSD was investigated using cumulative sum (CUSUM) charts. We found that SSL has decreased by −1.81% per year on average at most gauges. However, the decline was not linear. Several transition years are expected in the region: increasing trends from the 1950s and decreasing trends from 1988-1994. Correlation analyses showed that variation in SSL trend values is mainly explained by gauging station altitude, differences in land use (i.e., the fraction of cropland), and catchment area. Nonetheless, more accurate quantifications of SSL trend values and more refined characterizations of the catchments regarding (historical) land use, soil types/lithology, weather conditions, and topography may reveal other tendencies.

Application of geomorphological mapping and fingerprinting to identify the different suspended sediment sources of the glaciated Djankuat catchment, Caucasus mountains

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anatoly Tsyplenkov ◽  
Sergey Kharchenko ◽  
Matthias Vanmaercke ◽  
Valentin Golosov
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Mountain Stream ◽  
Sediment Sources ◽  
Total Suspended Sediment ◽  
Composite Surface ◽  
Suspended Sediment Yield ◽  
Geomorphological Mapping ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Caucasus Mountains

&lt;p&gt;Suspended sediment yield values from glaciated mountain catchments are often among the highest in the world. Nonetheless, the sediment sinks, sources and dynamics can be highly variable in such environments under climate change. The aim of this study is to quantify the different suspended sediment sources of the Djankuat river catchment (A=9,1 km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;). This small high mountain stream is located in the Caucasus mountains. It is partly glaciated with steep slopes, alpine meadows and glacial-nival terrains. Large scale geomorphological mapping of the catchment was undertaken using drone images and field surveys. This allowed to identify the main sediment sources as well as key pathways of the sediment to the river. In addition, about 50 composite surface (topsoil) and subsurface (riverbanks) samples were collected within the catchment area to characterize the different sediment sources. Two different mixing models (fingerPRO and SIFT) were applied to evaluate the relative contribution of these sources to river suspended sediment yield. Furthermore, direct measurements of water discharge and turbidity were undertaken at two gauging stations. One of them was located near the edge of glacier and the other about 1 km downstream. This allowed to evaluate the relative contribution of the glacial and proglacial part of the catchment to the total suspended sediment yield. Overall, these independent approaches resulted in relatively similar estimates of the relative importance of the different sources to suspended sediment yield. It has been established that the proportion of glacial material (generated by glacier erosion, including subsurface and supraglacial runoff) in total suspended sediment load decreases from 80-90% at the first 50-100 m from the glacier edge to 60-70% at a distance of 700-1000 m.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;This study was funded by the Russian Science Foundation, project no. 19-17-00181&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

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