scholarly journals Location of tumor affects local and distant immune cell type and number

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan A. Hensel ◽  
Vinayak Khattar ◽  
Reading Ashton ◽  
Carnellia Lee ◽  
Gene P. Siegal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Cell ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Immune Cell Type

scholarly journals Immune classification of clear cell renal cell carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumeyye Su ◽  
Shaya Akbarinejad ◽  
Leili Shahriyari
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
Cd4 T Cells ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Clear Cell ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Immune Cell Type

AbstractSince the outcome of treatments, particularly immunotherapeutic interventions, depends on the tumor immune micro-environment (TIM), several experimental and computational tools such as flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, and digital cytometry have been developed and utilized to classify TIM variations. In this project, we identify immune pattern of clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCC) by estimating the percentage of each immune cell type in 526 renal tumors using the new powerful technique of digital cytometry. The results, which are in agreement with the results of a large-scale mass cytometry analysis, show that the most frequent immune cell types in ccRCC tumors are CD8+ T-cells, macrophages, and CD4+ T-cells. Saliently, unsupervised clustering of ccRCC primary tumors based on their relative number of immune cells indicates the existence of four distinct groups of ccRCC tumors. Tumors in the first group consist of approximately the same numbers of macrophages and CD8+ T-cells and and a slightly smaller number of CD4+ T cells than CD8+ T cells, while tumors in the second group have a significantly high number of macrophages compared to any other immune cell type (P-value $$<0.01$$ < 0.01 ). The third group of ccRCC tumors have a significantly higher number of CD8+ T-cells than any other immune cell type (P-value $$<0.01$$ < 0.01 ), while tumors in the group 4 have approximately the same numbers of macrophages and CD4+ T-cells and a significantly smaller number of CD8+ T-cells than CD4+ T-cells (P-value $$<0.01$$ < 0.01 ). Moreover, there is a high positive correlation between the expression levels of IFNG and PDCD1 and the percentage of CD8+ T-cells, and higher stage and grade of tumors have a substantially higher percentage of CD8+ T-cells. Furthermore, the primary tumors of patients, who are tumor free at the last time of follow up, have a significantly higher percentage of mast cells (P-value $$<0.01$$ < 0.01 ) compared to the patients with tumors for all groups of tumors except group 3.

scholarly journals Epigenetic Quantification of Circulating Immune Cells in Peripheral Blood of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Manoochehri ◽  
Thomas Hielscher ◽  
Nasim Borhani ◽  
Clarissa Gerhäuser ◽  
Olivia Fletcher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Nk Cell ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Cell Ratio ◽  
Immune Cell Type

Abstract Background: A shift in the proportions of blood immune cells is a hallmark of cancer development. Here, we investigated whether methylation-derived immune cell type ratios and methylation-derived neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios (mdNLRs) are associated with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Methods: Leukocyte subtype-specific un/methylated CpG sites were selected and methylation levels at these sites used as proxies for immune cell type proportions and mdNLR estimation in 231 TNBC cases and 231 age-matched controls. Data were validated using the Houseman deconvolution method. Additionally, the natural killer (NK) cell ratio was measured in a prospective sample set of 146 TNBC cases and 146 age-matched controls. Results: The mdNLRs were higher in TNBC cases compared with controls and associated with TNBC (odds ratio (OR) range (2.66-4.29), all Padj.<1e-04). A higher neutrophil ratio and lower ratios of NK cells, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, monocytes, and B cells were associated with TNBC. The strongest association was observed with decreased NK cell ratio (OR range (1.28-1.42), all Padj.<1e-04). The NK cell ratio was also significantly lower in pre-diagnostic samples of TNBC cases compared with controls (P=0.019).Conclusion: This immunomethylomic study shows that a shift in the ratios/proportions of leukocyte subtypes is associated with TNBC, with decreased NK cell showing the strongest association. These findings improve our knowledge of the role of the immune system in TNBC and point to the possibility of using NK cell level as a non-invasive molecular marker for TNBC risk assessment, early detection, and prevention.

scholarly journals Tumor Immune Microenvironment Clusters in Localized Prostate Adenocarcinoma: Prognostic Impact of Macrophage Enriched/Plasma Cell Non-enriched Subtypes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil K. Jairath ◽  
Mark W. Farha ◽  
Sudharsan Srinivasan ◽  
Ruple Jairath ◽  
Michael D. Green ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Plasma Cell ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
M2 Macrophage ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Prognostic Impact ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Immune Microenvironment ◽  
Immune Cell Type

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is characterized by significant heterogeneity in its molecular, genomic, and immunologic characteristics. Methods: Whole transcriptome RNAseq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas of prostate adenocarcinomas (n=496) was utilized. The immune microenvironment was characterized using the CIBERSORTX tool to identify immune cell type composition. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering was performed based on immune cell type content. Analyses of progression-free survival (PFS), distant metastases, and overall survival (OS) were performed using Kaplan-Meier estimates and Cox-regression multivariable analyses. Results: Four immune clusters were identified, largely defined by plasma cell, CD4+ Memory Resting T Cells (CD4 MR), M0 and M2 macrophage content (CD4 MRHighPlasma CellHighM0LowM2Low, CD4 MRLowPlasma CellHighM0LowM2Low, CD4 MRHighPlasma CellLowM0HighM2Low, and CD4 MRHighPlasma CellLowM0LowM2High). The two macrophage-enriched/plasma cell non-enriched clusters (3&amp;4) demonstrated worse PFS (HR 2.24, 95% CI 1.46&ndash;3.45, p=0.0002) than the clusters 1&amp;2. No metastatic events occurred in the non-macrophage-enriched clusters. Comparing clusters 3 vs 4, in patients treated by surgery alone, cluster 3 had zero progression events (p&lt;0.0001). However, cluster 3 patients had worse outcomes after post-operative radiotherapy (p=0.018). Conclusion: Distinct tumor immune clusters with a macrophage-enriched phenotype and reduced plasma cell enrichment independently characterize an aggressive phenotype in localized prostate cancer that may differentially respond to treatment.

Quantitation of human tissue and immune cell type II 14 kDa phospholipase A2 by enzyme immunoassay

1997 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Bolognese ◽  
S. D. Holmes ◽  
L. J. McMillan ◽  
K. F. Kaiser ◽  
L. A. Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Phospholipase A2 ◽  
Enzyme Immunoassay ◽  
Human Tissue ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Immune Cell Type

scholarly journals Expression profiles of long non-coding RNAs located in autoimmune disease-associated regions reveal immune cell-type specificity

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Hrdlickova ◽  
Vinod Kumar ◽  
Kartiek Kanduri ◽  
Daria V Zhernakova ◽  
Subhash Tripathi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Cell Type Specificity ◽  
Immune Cell Type ◽  
Non Coding Rnas

scholarly journals Epigenetic quantification of circulating immune cells in peripheral blood of triple-negative breast cancer patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Manoochehri ◽  
Thomas Hielscher ◽  
Nasim Borhani ◽  
Clarissa Gerhäuser ◽  
Olivia Fletcher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Nk Cell ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Cell Ratio ◽  
Immune Cell Type

Abstract Background A shift in the proportions of blood immune cells is a hallmark of cancer development. Here, we investigated whether methylation-derived immune cell type ratios and methylation-derived neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios (mdNLRs) are associated with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Methods Leukocyte subtype-specific unmethylated/methylated CpG sites were selected, and methylation levels at these sites were used as proxies for immune cell type proportions and mdNLR estimation in 231 TNBC cases and 231 age-matched controls. Data were validated using the Houseman deconvolution method. Additionally, the natural killer (NK) cell ratio was measured in a prospective sample set of 146 TNBC cases and 146 age-matched controls. Results The mdNLRs were higher in TNBC cases compared with controls and associated with TNBC (odds ratio (OR) range (2.66–4.29), all Padj. < 1e−04). A higher neutrophil ratio and lower ratios of NK cells, CD4 + T cells, CD8 + T cells, monocytes, and B cells were associated with TNBC. The strongest association was observed with decreased NK cell ratio (OR range (1.28–1.42), all Padj. < 1e−04). The NK cell ratio was also significantly lower in pre-diagnostic samples of TNBC cases compared with controls (P = 0.019). Conclusion This immunomethylomic study shows that a shift in the ratios/proportions of leukocyte subtypes is associated with TNBC, with decreased NK cell showing the strongest association. These findings improve our knowledge of the role of the immune system in TNBC and point to the possibility of using NK cell level as a non-invasive molecular marker for TNBC risk assessment, early detection, and prevention.

scholarly journals Immune Classification of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumeyye Su ◽  
Shaya Akbarinejad ◽  
Leili Shahriyari
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
Cd4 T Cells ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Clear Cell ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Immune Cell Type

ABSTRACTSince the outcome of treatments, particularly immunotherapeutic interventions, depends on the tumor immune micro-environment (TIM), several experimental and computational tools such as flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, and digital cytometry have been developed and utilized to classify TIM variations. In this project, we identify immune pattern of clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCC) by estimating the percentage of each immune cell type in 526 renal tumors using the new powerful technique of digital cytometry. The results, which are in agreement with the results of a large-scale mass cytometry analysis, show that the most frequent immune cell types in ccRCC tumors are CD8+ T-cells, macrophages, and CD4+ T-cells. Saliently, unsupervised clustering of ccRCC primary tumors based on their relative number of immune cells indicates the existence of four distinct groups of ccRCC tumors. Tumors in the first group consist of approximately the same numbers of CD8+ T-cells, CD4+ T-cells, and macrophages, while tumors in the second group have a significantly high number of macrophages compared to any other immune cell type (P-value< 0.01). The third group of ccRCC tumors have a significantly higher number of CD8+ T-cells than any other immune cell type (P-value< 0.01), while tumors in the group 4 have approximately the same numbers of macrophages and CD4+ T-cells and a significantly smaller number of CD8+ T-cells than CD4+ T-cells (P-value< 0.01). Moreover, there is a high positive correlation between the expression levels of IFNG and PDCD1 and the percentage of CD8+ T-cells, and higher stage and grade of tumors have a substantially higher percentage of CD8+ T-cells. Furthermore, the primary tumors of patients, who are tumor free at the last time of follow up, have a significantly higher percentage of mast cells (P-value< 0.01) compared to the patients with tumors for all groups of tumors except group 3.

scholarly journals Epigenetic Quantification of Circulating Immune Cells in Peripheral Blood of Triple-negative Breast Cancer Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Manoochehri ◽  
Thomas Hielscher ◽  
Nasim Borhani ◽  
Clarissa Gerhäuser ◽  
Olivia Fletcher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Nk Cell ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Cell Ratio ◽  
Immune Cell Type

Abstract Background: A shift in the proportions of blood immune cells is a hallmark of cancer development. Here, we investigated whether methylation-derived immune cell type ratios and methylation-derived neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios (mdNLRs) are associated with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Methods: Leukocyte subtype-specific un/methylated CpG sites were selected and methylation levels at these sites used as proxies for immune cell type proportions and mdNLR estimation in 231 TNBC cases and 231 age-matched controls. Data were validated using the Houseman deconvolution method. Additionally, the natural killer (NK) cell ratio was measured in a prospective sample set of 146 TNBC cases and 146 age-matched controls. Results: The mdNLRs were higher in TNBC cases compared with controls and associated with TNBC (odds ratio (OR) range (2.66-4.29), all Padj.<1e-04). A higher neutrophil ratio and lower ratios of NK cells, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, monocytes, and B cells were associated with TNBC. The strongest association was observed with decreased NK cell ratio (OR range (1.28-1.42), all Padj.<1e-04). The NK cell ratio was also significantly lower in pre-diagnostic samples of TNBC cases compared with controls (P=0.019).Conclusion: This immunomethylomic study shows that a shift in the ratios/proportions of leukocyte subtypes is associated with TNBC, with decreased NK cell showing the strongest association. These findings improve our knowledge of the role of the immune system in TNBC and point to the possibility of using NK cell level as a non-invasive molecular marker for TNBC risk assessment, early detection, and prevention.

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