A prognosis based classification of undifferentiated uterine sarcomas: Identification of mitotic index, hormone receptors and YWHAE-FAM22 translocation status as predictors of survival

✓ Meningiomas often contain steroid hormone receptors, but the correlation of receptor presence with patient outcome or mitotic index is unclear. Intracranial meningiomas from 70 patients (27 males and 43 females, mean age 52.9 + 1.7 years [mean ± standard error of the mean], range 15–78 years) were evaluated immunocytochemically for female sex hormone receptors using specific monoclonal antibodies. Prognostic correlations were determined using statistical analyses that included clinical and histological variables. Twenty-eight tumors were benign, 27 had atypical features, and 15 were malignant. Thirty tumors were meningotheliomatous, 11 were fibroblastic, 28 were transitional, and one was secretory. Twenty-nine of the 70 primary tumors recurred (mean interval to recurrence 50.1 ± 10 months). The mean progression-free follow-up period for patients without recurrence was 82.1 ± 7.7 months. Nuclear staining for the progesterone receptor (PR) was found in 58 cases (83%) and PR status was scored as 0 (0% nuclei positive), 1 (< 1%), 2 (1–9%), 3 (10–49%), or 4 (> 50%). Only six tumors (8.6%) contained nuclear estrogen receptor (ER) staining, which was limited to a small number of nuclei (< 1%). Fisher's exact test (two-tailed) showed an inverse correlation between tumor grade and PR staining score (p ≤ 0.001), with 96% of benign and 40% of malignant meningiomas containing PR-positive nuclei. No correlation between age or histological subtype and PR score was detected. Meningiomas from female patients had more PRs (p ≤ 0.05). Analysis of variance revealed that the mitotic index (total counts of mitoses per 10 high-power fields) for tumors with 0 PR staining (18 ± 4.4) was higher (p ± 0.0001) than for those with PR scores of 1 to 4 (4.3 ± 1.9, 5.1 ± 2, 2.2 ± 0.8, and 1.7 ± 0.9, respectively). Univariate analysis indicated that the absence of PR, high mitotic index, and higher tumor grade were significant factors for shorter disease-free intervals. Multivariate analysis showed that a three-factor interaction model, with a PR score of 0, mitotic index greater than 6, and malignant tumor grade, was a highly significant predictor (p ≤ 0.0001) for worse outcome in patients harboring meningiomas. These data indicate that the presence of PRs, even in a small number of tumor cells, is a favorable prognostic factor for meningiomas.

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Rate of Apoptosis in Feline Mammary Tumors is not Predictive of Postsurgical Survival

Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation ◽

10.1177/104063870301500205 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 115-122 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Giuseppe Sarli ◽

Rosario Preziosi ◽

Cinzia Benazzi ◽

Roberta Bazzo ◽

Luciana Mandrioli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mitotic Index ◽

Hormone Receptors ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Mammary Tumors ◽

Apoptotic Index ◽

Apoptosis Resistance ◽

Rapid Acquisition ◽

Proliferation And Apoptosis ◽

Prognostic Importance ◽

Histological Stage

Invasion, cell proliferation and apoptosis are important biological features of neoplasia, bearing prognostic importance. Histological stage, mitotic index, and apoptotic index have been assessed in 33 feline malignant mammary tumors. Histological stage ( P < 0.01) and mitotic index ( P < 0.001) had a significant association with prognosis in univariate analysis. Apoptotic index did not correlate with survival ( P = 0.44), and histological stage ( P = 0.48) did not correlate with mitotic index ( P = 0.39). In feline malignant mammary tumors the apoptotic index seems unable to predict survival and lacks any correlation with proliferation assessed as mitotic index. A possible explanation for the lack of correlation between apoptotic index and survival may be due to the rapid acquisition of pathways of apoptosis resistance in feline mammary tumors or to rapid hormone receptors loss.

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EPV161/#265 Challenges in histopathological diagnosis and classification of primary uterine sarcomas in a regional tertiary oncology centre over a 5 year period

10.1136/ijgc-2021-igcs.231 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

E Papadakou ◽

V Elliot

Keyword(s):

Histopathological Diagnosis ◽

Uterine Sarcomas ◽

Diagnosis And Classification ◽

Oncology Centre

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MicroRNAs in Molecular Classification and Pathogenesis of Breast Tumors

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers13215332 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (21) ◽

pp. 5332

Author(s):

Vinitha Richard ◽

Matthew G. Davey ◽

Heidi Annuk ◽

Nicola Miller ◽

Róisín M. Dwyer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Tumor ◽

Hormone Receptors ◽

Tumor Tissue ◽

Protein Gene ◽

Breast Tumors ◽

Molecular Classification ◽

Expression Studies ◽

Efficient Alternative ◽

Progression Risk

The current clinical practice of breast tumor classification relies on the routine immunohistochemistry-based expression analysis of hormone receptors, which is inadequate in addressing breast tumor heterogeneity and drug resistance. MicroRNA expression profiling in tumor tissue and in the circulation is an efficient alternative to intrinsic molecular subtyping that enables precise molecular classification of breast tumor variants, the prediction of tumor progression, risk stratification and also identifies critical regulators of the tumor microenvironment. This review integrates data from protein, gene and miRNA expression studies to elaborate on a unique miRNA-based 10-subtype taxonomy, which we propose as the current gold standard to allow appropriate classification and separation of breast cancer into a targetable strategy for therapy.

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Clinicopathologic analysis of well, moderately and poorly differentiated gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.15028 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽

pp. 15028-15028 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J. R. Strosberg ◽

D. Coppola ◽

A. Neumann ◽

L. Kvols

Keyword(s):

Overall Survival ◽

Mitotic Index ◽

Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽

Mitotic Rate ◽

Histological Classification ◽

Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽

Pathologic Features ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Poorly Differentiated

15028 Background: Pathologic features used to classify neuroendocrine tumors include mitotic rate, pleomorphism and Ki-67 index. Based on these criteria, neuroendocrine tumors are classified into well, moderately, and poorly-differentiated categories. But whereas this nomenclature is conventionally employed, it is not well defined in the field of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs). In particular, ‘moderately-differentiated‘ GEP-NETs are not formally recognized as a distinct category, and the clinical behavior of these tumors has not been described. Our classification of GEP-NETs is based on cell mophology and mitotic index, with well-diferentiated tumors displaying monomorphic appearance and rare mitoses (<2/10HPF), poorly differentiated tumors consisting of pleomorphic cells with a high mitotic index (>10/10HPF) and moderately-differentiated tumors displaying intermediate morphology and mitotic rate (2–10/10HPF). Methods: We performed an institutional chart analysis of patients with metastatic GEP-NETs, selecting all poorly and moderately differentiated cases and randomly selecting an equal number of patients with well differentiated tumors. The primary endpoint was overall survival. Results: A total of 83 cases were analyzed (28 well, 28 moderately, and 27 poorly differentiated). Overall survival correlated strongly with histological classification. At 2 years, survival rates among patients with well, moderately and poorly differentiated tumors were 100%, 57% and 22% respectively (p<0.001). De-differentiation of tumors was associated with a decreased rate of pentetreotide scan positivity, decreased rates of neuroendocrine hormone secretion and more widespread organ metastases. Conclusions: The classification of GEP-NETs into three histologic categories (well, moderately and poorly differentiated) correlates strongly with survival. Other features of neuroendocrine tumors (such as secretion of hormones and expression of somatostatin receptors) also correlate with histological classification. ‘Moderately- differentiated‘ neuroendocrine tumors should be recognized as a subset of GET-NETs with a prognosis that is distinct from well and poorly differentiated tumors. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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Morphology and Behavior of Primary Ocular Melanomas in 91 Dogs

Veterinary Pathology ◽

10.1177/030098588602300411 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 23 (4) ◽

pp. 418-424 ◽

Cited By ~ 110

Author(s):

B. P. Wilcock ◽

R. L. Peiffer

Keyword(s):

Anterior Chamber ◽

Mitotic Index ◽

Metastatic Potential ◽

Behavioral Data ◽

Cell Type ◽

High Metastatic Potential ◽

Potentially Malignant ◽

And Behavior

Primary ocular melanocytic neoplasms from 91 dogs were divided into two groups by histologic criteria. Seventy-five were benign and composed of spindle-shaped and large polyhedral melanocytes similar to those of human ocular melanocytomas. Fifty-nine of these originated in the uvea where most resulted in uveitis, glaucoma, or hyphema prior to enucleation. None metastasized. Nineteen melanocytomas were limbal tumors. None metastasized, but three of nine incompletely excised tumors were found within the anterior chamber 2 to 3 years after the initial removal. Sixteen uveal melanocytic neoplasms were histologically malignant. Three had confirmed metastases, all within 3 months of enucleation. Cell type or pattern of growth within the globe were not predictive of biologic behavior. Our data suggest that the mitotic index is the best criterion for histologic identification of ocular melanomas with high metastatic potential. We propose that the classification of primary ocular melanomas be simplified to include only two categories: melanocytoma (benign) and melanoma (potentially malignant). Further behavioral data may justify a grading scheme for melanomas based upon mitotic index.

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Sex Hormone Receptor Repertoire in Breast Cancer

International Journal of Breast Cancer ◽

10.1155/2013/284036 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Gerald M. Higa ◽

Ryan G. Fell

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Hormone Receptors ◽

Resistance Mechanisms ◽

Sex Hormone ◽

Breast Cancers ◽

Mediated Effects ◽

Receptor Repertoire ◽

Er Positive ◽

Novel Therapeutic Strategies

Classification of breast cancer as endocrine sensitive, hormone dependent, or estrogen receptor (ER) positive refers singularly to ERα. One of the oldest recognized tumor targets, disruption of ERα-mediated signaling, is believed to be the mechanistic mode of action for all hormonal interventions used in treating this disease. Whereas ERαis widely accepted as the single most important predictive factor (for response to endocrine therapy), the presence of the receptor in tumor cells is also of prognostic value. Even though the clinical relevance of the two other sex hormone receptors, namely, ERβand the androgen receptor remains unclear, two discordant phenomena observed in hormone-dependent breast cancers could be causally related to ERβ-mediated effects and androgenic actions. Nonetheless, our understanding of regulatory molecules and resistance mechanisms remains incomplete, further compromising our ability to develop novel therapeutic strategies that could improve disease outcomes. This review focuses on the receptor-mediated actions of the sex hormones in breast cancer.

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Quantum dots-based molecular classification of breast cancer by quantitative spectroanalysis of hormone receptors and HER2

Biomaterials ◽

10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.06.029 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 32 (30) ◽

pp. 7592-7599 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Chuang Chen ◽

Sheng-Rong Sun ◽

Yi-Ping Gong ◽

Chu-Bo Qi ◽

Chun-Wei Peng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Quantum Dots ◽

Hormone Receptors ◽

Molecular Classification

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Molecular Classification of Breast Cancer in the Region of Constantine: An Epidemiological Study

10.47363/jnsrr/2020(2)104 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-3

Author(s):

Sara Khelf ◽

◽

Leila Guedjali ◽

Souad Haddad ◽

Dalila Satta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Hormone Receptors ◽

Molecular Classification ◽

Her2 Status ◽

Luminal A ◽

Luminal B ◽

Phenotypic Profile ◽

Luminal Type ◽

Group A

Breast cancer (CS) is the most common female cancer worldwide, ranking first in Algeria for its frequency and mortality .Molecular classification has distinguished at least four molecular types: luminal A, luminal B, HER2 and basal-like. Our objective is to study the phenotypic profile of breast cancer in women with cancer as well as the different clinical, immunohistochemical and therapeutic aspects of different molecular groups.We undertook a retrospective study between October 2016 and December 2017. This study involved 121 files. The distribution of the population according to age showed that the most affected age group is [53-63] years old with 35%. Molecular classification results showed that the most common type was luminal A at 37.19%, followed by luminal type B at 27.27%, basal-like at 19.83%, and HER2 at 15.70%. Breast cancer of luminal type, expressing[ ER], accounts for 70 to 80% of all mammary carcinomas and that the luminal group A is the most common with proportions of 58 , 5% and 54.3% respectively while the distinction is observed in the other groups. Molecular classification plays a very important role in the treatment. This result shows that luminal type A is the most common, and that postmenopausal women are most likely to have breast cancer. This classification is very important in the orientation of the treatment. The resulting molecular classification is expected to better classify tumors to a personalized therapy. Breast cancer, molecular classification, immunohistochemistry, hormone receptors, HER2 status

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