Determination of Synthetic Detergent Content of Raw-Water Supplies

Two rural spring drinking water supplies were studied for their enteric virus levels. In one, serving about 30 dwellings, the water was chlorinated before distribution; in the other, which served a dairy and six dwellings the water was not treated. Samples of treated (40 l) and untreated (20 l) water were taken under normal and heavy rainfall conditions over a six weeks period and concentrated by adsorption/elution and organic flocculation. Infectious enterovirus in concentrates was detected in liquid culture and enumerated by plaque assay, both in BGM cells, and concentrates were also analysed by RT-PCR. Viruses were found in both raw water supplies. Rural supplies need to be analysed for viruses as well as bacterial and protozoan pathogens if the full microbial hazard is to be determined.

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Odourous compounds in raw water of water supplies.

Japan journal of water pollution research ◽

10.2965/jswe1978.8.704 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 8 (11) ◽

pp. 704-707 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Masakazu Yagi

Keyword(s):

Raw Water ◽

Water Supplies

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Environmental Review & Case Study: Evaluating the Significance of Certain Pharmaceuticals and Emerging Pathogens in Raw Water Supplies

Environmental Practice ◽

10.1017/s1466046611000196 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 198-215 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Frederick Bloetscher ◽

Jeanine D. Plummer

Keyword(s):

Raw Water ◽

Emerging Pathogens ◽

Water Supplies

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Use of a total ionic strength adjustment buffer for electrode determination of fluoride in water supplies

Analytical Chemistry ◽

10.1021/ac60263a005 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 40 (7) ◽

pp. 1169-1171 ◽

Cited By ~ 170

Author(s):

Martin. Frant ◽

James W. Ross

Keyword(s):

Ionic Strength ◽

Water Supplies ◽

Total Ionic Strength

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Comparison of Three Solid Phase Materials for the Extraction of Carboxylic Acids from River Water Followed by 2D GC × GC-TOFMS Determination

International Journal of Analytical Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2016/6396938 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

G. O. Bosire ◽

J. C. Ngila ◽

H. Parshotam

Keyword(s):

Carboxylic Acid ◽

Carboxylic Acids ◽

Natural Organic Matter ◽

Solid Phase ◽

Cooling Water ◽

Raw Water ◽

Aliphatic Carboxylic Acid ◽

Hydrophobic Nature ◽

Relationship Of

The extraction and determination of aliphatic and aromatic carboxylic acids as well as their influence on the aromaticity and molecularity relationship of natural organic matter (NOM) in water are reported in this study. Three solid phase extraction (SPE) sorbents were used and their extraction efficiencies evaluated after chromatographic determinations (using gas chromatography with a time of flight mass spectrometer (GC × GC-TOFMS) and liquid chromatography with organic carbon detector (LC-OCD)). More than 42 carboxylic acids were identified in raw water from the Vaal River, which feeds the Lethabo Power Generation Station, South Africa, with cooling water. The aromatic carboxylic acid efficiency (28%) was achieved by using Strata™X SPE while the highest aliphatic carboxylic acid efficiency (92.08%) was achieved by silica SPE. The hydrophobic nature of NOM in water depends on the nature of organic compounds in water, whether aromatic or aliphatic. The LC-OCD was used to assess the hydrophobicity levels of NOM as a function of these carboxylic acids in cooling water. The LC-OCD results showed that the aromatic nature of NOM in SPE filtered water followed the order Silica>Strata X>C-18. From the results, the hydrophobicity degree of the samples depended on the type and number of carboxylic acids that were removed by the SPE cartridges.

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