Major depression and generalised anxiety disorder: An analysis of the effects of remission status and comorbidity on mother‐infant emotional availability in the perinatal period

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavitra Aran ◽  
Andrew Lewis ◽  
Stuart Watson ◽  
Megan Galbally
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
Emotional Availability ◽  
Generalised Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Remission Status

Major Depression and Generalised Anxiety Disorder

1996 ◽  
Vol 168 (S30) ◽  
pp. 68-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth S. Kendler
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Environmental Risk Factors ◽  
Generalised Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Increase Risk ◽  
Twin Models ◽  
One Year

In both clinical and epidemiological samples, major depression (MD) and generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) display substantial comorbidity. In a prior analysis of lifetime MD and GAD in female twins, the same genetic factors were shown to influence the liability to MD and to GAD. A follow-up interview in the same twin cohort examined one-year prevalence for MD and GAD (diagnosed using a one-month minimum duration of illness). Bivariate twin models were fitted using the program Mx. High levels of comorbidity were observed between MD and GAD. The best-fitting twin models, when GAD was diagnosed with or without a diagnostic hierarchy, found a genetic correlation of unity between the two disorders. The correlation in environmental risk factors was +0.70 when GAD was diagnosed non-hierarchically, but zero when hierarchical diagnoses were used. Our findings provide further support for the hypothesis that in women, MD and GAD are the result of the same genetic factors. Environmental risk factors that predispose to ‘pure’ GAD episodes may be relatively distinct from those that increase risk for MD.

Comorbidity of Mood Disorders: A Longitudinal Prospective Study

1996 ◽  
Vol 168 (S30) ◽  
pp. 31-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jules Angst
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Generalised Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Recurrent Brief Depression ◽  
Cannabis Consumption ◽  
Major Depressive Episodes ◽  
Depressive Episodes

From the Zurich cohort study (n=591), the association of major depressive episodes and recurrent brief depression (RBD) with other psychiatric disorders is presented cross-sectionally at age 28 and 30 years, and over ten years (age 20 to 30 years). Longitudinally, the odds ratios of major depression are highest with dysthymia (4.4), generalised anxiety disorder (4.4), panic disorder (2.7), hypomania and agoraphobia (2.6), and social phobia (2.4). There is a significant association with cannabis consumption and smoking. Follow-up data over nine years are available for 41 patients with a major depressive disorder (MDD) and 62 with RBD: approximately 20% of MDD patients did not receive a diagnosis during follow-up. Major depression reoccurred in 32%, became bipolar in 24%, or developed into RBD in 24%. RBD remitted in 41 %, reoccurred in 35%, turned into major depression in 22%, and became bipolar in only 7%. Longitudinally, MDD and RBD show a symmetrical diagnostic change in a quarter of the cases. There is no substantial development of MDD or RBD into minor depression or generalised anxiety disorder. Thirteen per cent of those with RBD later developed panic disorder.

scholarly journals Structure of internalising symptoms in early adulthood

2006 ◽  
Vol 189 (6) ◽  
pp. 540-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Fergusson ◽  
L. John Horwood ◽  
Joseph M. Boden
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Time Correlation ◽  
Underlying Structure ◽  
Generalised Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Panic Disorders ◽  
Symptom Scores ◽  
Dsm Iv

BackgroundDebate surrounds the underlying structure of internalising disorders including major depression, generalised anxiety disorder, phobias and panic disorders.AimsTo model the within-time and across-time relationships of internalising symptoms, incorporating effects from generalised internalising and disorder-specific components of continuity.MethodData were gathered from a 25-year longitudinal study of a birth cohort of 953 New Zealand children. Outcome measures included DSM–IV symptom scores for major depression, generalised anxiety disorder, phobia and panic disorder at the ages of 18, 21 and 25 years.ResultsStructural equation modelling showed that, within-times, a common underlying measure of generalised internalising explained symptom score comorbidities. Across-time correlation of symptom scores was primarily accounted for by continuity over time in generalised internalising. However, for major depression and phobia there was also evidence of across-time continuity in the disorder-specific components of symptoms.ConclusionsInternalising symptoms can be partitioned into components reflecting both a generalised tendency to internalising and disorder-specific components.

scholarly journals Association between latent toxoplasmosis and major depression, generalised anxiety disorder and panic disorder in human adults

2014 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 285-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawn D. Gale ◽  
Bruce L. Brown ◽  
Andrew Berrett ◽  
Lance D. Erickson ◽  
Dawson W. Hedges
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Generalised Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Human Adults

Anxiety disorder in dementia

1994 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 108-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clive G Ballard ◽  
Ramalingam NC Mohan ◽  
Abdul Patel ◽  
Candida Graham
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Day Hospital ◽  
Generalised Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Degree Relative ◽  
Mild Dementia ◽  
Severity Of Dementia

AbstractObjective: To estimate the prevalence of anxiety disorders and to explore several potential aetiological factors. Method: Ninety two consecutive patients assessed at a day hospital for patients with probable dementia were interviewed using the CAMDEX schedule. Fifty eight patients gave a sufficiently reliable interview and had a first degree relative in close contact as an informant and were hence included in the study group. The prevalence of RDC generalised anxiety disorder in this group was determined. Type of dementia, severity of dementia and insight were explored as possible aetiological factors. Results: The prevalence of RDC generalised anxiety disorder was 31%. Fifty percent of these patients suffered from anxiety symptoms in the context of RDC major depression. Anxiety disorders were most common in those with mild dementia and in those who retained insight, both showing a trend towards a significant association with anxiety. Conclusions: Anxiety disorders are very common in dementia sufferers particularly in those with mild dementia. Further research is needed in this area, particularly with respect to treatment.

Typology of common psychiatric syndromes

1998 ◽  
Vol 173 (4) ◽  
pp. 312-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick F. Sullivan ◽  
Kenneth S. Kendler
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Monozygotic Twin ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Generalised Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Single Class ◽  
Empirical Typology ◽  
Natural Tendency ◽  
Best Fit

BackgroundDiagnostic comorbidity is prevalent in psychiatry and may be inadequately captured by the DSM-III/III-R nosology.MethodsThe lifetime presence of 11 psychiatric diagnoses was determined by structured personal interviews of a population-based sample of 1898 female twins. We used latent class analysis to derive an empirical typology.ResultsSix classes provided the best fit to the data. Their mnemonics were: minimal disorder (60% of the sample), major depression -generalised anxiety disorder (19%), alcohol–nicotine (7%), highly comorbid major depression (5%) and eating disorders (3%). The validity of this typology was strongly supported by demographic, health, personality and attitudinal validators along with the significant monozygotic twin concordance for class membership. The typology superficially resembled DSM-III-R, but contained many differences. Major depression appeared in three forms (alone, with generalised anxiety disorder and with considerable comorbidity). Alcoholism-nicotine dependence and the various anxiety disorders formed discrete classes, but were also prominent in other classes. Bulimia and anorexia were exceptional in their appearance in a single class.ConclusionsThe DSM-III-R and closely related DSM-IV nosology did not capture the natural tendency of these disorders to co-occur. Fundamental assumptions of the dominant diagnostic schemata may be incorrect.

The Dexamethasone Suppression Test in Generalised Anxiety Disorder

1986 ◽  
Vol 149 (3) ◽  
pp. 320-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward E. Schweizer ◽  
Charlotte M. Swenson ◽  
Andrew Winokur ◽  
Karl Rickels ◽  
Greg Maislin
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Dexamethasone Suppression Test ◽  
Generalised Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Clinical Predictors ◽  
Suppression Test ◽  
Dexamethasone Suppression

The dexamethasone suppression test was performed on 79 patients with a diagnosis of generalised anxiety disorder. A non-suppression rate of 27% was obtained, comparable to that found in out-patient major depression but notably higher than previous reports in panic disorder. No good clinical predictors of non-suppression were discovered, nor was the co-occurrence of depression sufficient to account for the finding.

scholarly journals Demographic and psychosocial predictors of major depression and generalised anxiety disorder in Australian university students

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise M. Farrer ◽  
Amelia Gulliver ◽  
Kylie Bennett ◽  
Daniel B. Fassnacht ◽  
Kathleen M. Griffiths
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
University Students ◽  
Psychosocial Predictors ◽  
Generalised Anxiety Disorder

A Survey in the Treatment of Generalised Anxiety Disorder and Comorbid Major Depression by Venezuelan Psychiatrists

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 538
Author(s):  
D.R.M. Bifano ◽  
D.R.P. Oropeza ◽  
D.R.M. Ortega ◽  
D.R.A. Pacheco ◽  
D.R.M.E. Camprubi
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Generalised Anxiety Disorder
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