The relationship of protein synthesis to cell division and oral development in synchronizedTetrahymena pyriformis GL-C: An analysis employing cycloheximide

1969 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Frankel
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Cell Division ◽  
Oral Development ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship of cardiolipin biosynthesis to mitochondrial protein synthesis in Tetrahymena pyriformis

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 223-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean M. Hemmingsen ◽  
Laura Querengesser ◽  
Paul G. Young
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Stationary Phase ◽  
Mitochondrial Protein ◽  
Tetrahymena Pyriformis ◽  
Pulse Labelling ◽  
Mitochondrial Protein Synthesis ◽  
Mole Percent ◽  
Quantitative Measurements ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The synthesis of cardiolipin has been investigated following the inhibition of mitochondrial protein synthesis with chloramphenicol. Quantitative measurements of the amount of cardiolipin in the cell during treatment with chloramphenicol as well as pulse-labelling studies using labelled acetate were carried out. The results show that while whole cell phospholipid biosynthesis is depressed by the treatment (probably a reflection of a general cessation of growth), there is no sign of any preferential effect on cardiolipin synthesis. The data also show that as cells are reduced in size as they approach stationary phase there is a six- to seven-fold loss of total cellular phospholipids; however, the amount of cardiolipin is only reduced by four- to five-fold. There is a preferential conservation of cardiolipin as stationary phase is approached with the mole percent cardiolipin phosphorus in the cell rising from 5–7% to 10–12%.

scholarly journals Cell Division in the Formation of the Stomatal Complex of the Young Leaves of Wheat

1966 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-128
Author(s):  
J. D. PICKETT-HEAPS ◽  
D. H. NORTHCOTE
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Mother Cell ◽  
Cell Plate ◽  
Stomatal Complex ◽  
Guard Mother Cell ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Subsidiary Cells ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Characteristic Manner

During the formation of stomata in the young leaves of wheat the cells divide in a characteristic manner; two of the cell divisions are asymmetrical and produce cells of unequal sizes. A study of the fine structure of the cells during mitosis has shown that a band of microtubules appears at each preprophase stage. This band, although it is not present in the subsequent stages of mitosis, indicates the location on the wall of the mother cell where the cell plate will join it at the final division of the cytoplasm at telophase. Thus the future plane of cell division is indicated by these microtubules at preprophase. Microtubules are also found at the growing edge of the cell plate and appear to function in directing the vesicles which are brought up to extend the plate. The cell plate which is formed to cut off the subsidiary cells on either side of the guard mother cell is curved, and the microtubules present in conjunction with this plate during its formation could function to align and hold it on the required position. The relationship of the guard mother cell to the divisions of the adjacent epidermal cells which form the subsidiary cells is discussed, and related to general problems of growth and differentiation.

scholarly journals Insuperable problems of the genetic code initially emerging in an RNA World

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter R Wills ◽  
Charles W Carter
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Information Processing ◽  
Natural Selection ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
Rna World ◽  
Biological Information ◽  
Universal System ◽  
Biological Information Processing ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractDifferential equations for error-prone information transfer (template replication, transcription or translation) are developed in order to consider, within the theory of autocatalysis, the advent of coded protein synthesis. Variations of these equations furnish a basis for comparing the plausibility of contrasting scenarios for the emergence of tRNA aminoacylation, ultimately by enzymes, and the relationship of this process with the origin of the universal system of molecular biological information processing embodied in the Central Dogma. The hypothetical RNA World does not furnish an adequate basis for explaining how this system came into being, but principles of self-organisation that transcend Darwinian natural selection furnish an unexpectedly robust basis for a rapid, concerted transition to genetic coding from a peptide•RNA world.

scholarly journals THE RELATIONSHIP OF CILIA WITH CELL DIVISION AND DIFFERENTIATION

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 226-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia G. Fonte ◽  
Robert L. Searls ◽  
S. Robert Hilfer
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals STUDIES ON THE MAINTENANCE OF ORAL DEVELOPMENT IN TETRAHYMENA PYRIFORMIS GL-C

1967 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 841-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Frankel
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Cell Division ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Transition Point ◽  
Tetrahymena Pyriformis ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Treatment Development ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Insoluble Material ◽  
Oral Development

The effects of puromycin on synchronized Tetrahymena pyriformis were investigated at two different concentrations, 43 µg per ml and 430 µg per ml. The rate of incorporation of histidine-14C into hot TCA-insoluble material was reduced by 30% at the low concentration and by 80–90% at the high concentration. The rate of oxygen uptake was lowered by only 10–20% at both concentrations. Cell division was prevented at both concentrations, if the drug was added prior to a "transition point" at about 45 min after the end of the synchronizing treatment. Development of "anarchic field" oral primordia was arrested, while primordia in early stages of membranelle differentiation were resorbed. Resorption began shortly after addition of the drug, and proceeded most rapidly at the lower concentration. If the drug was added after the "transition point," cell division and oral primordium formation were completed with only slight delay at the low concentration, and with considerable delay (in some cases complete arrest) at the high concentration. The results thus indicate that protein synthesis is involved in the later as well as the earlier stages of development; what specially characterizes the earlier stages, prior to the "transition point," is a dramatic response to partial inhibition of protein synthesis. It is suggested that this response involves the activation or release of a latent intracellular degradative system which is specific for developing structures.

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