scholarly journals Circulation-type classification derived on a climatic basis to study air quality dynamics over the Iberian Peninsula

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 2877-2897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Víctor Valverde ◽  
María T. Pay ◽  
José M. Baldasano
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Circulation Type ◽  
Type Classification

Temporal patterns and trends of surface ozone concentrations over Portugal

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Gama ◽  
Alexandra Monteiro ◽  
Myriam Lopes ◽  
Ana Isabel Miranda
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Surface Ozone ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Ozone Concentrations ◽  
Long Term Study

<p>Tropospheric ozone (O<sub>3</sub>) is a critical pollutant over the Mediterranean countries, including Portugal, due to systematic exceedances to the thresholds for the protection of human health. Due to the location of Portugal, on the Atlantic coast at the south-west point of Europe, the observed O<sub>3</sub> concentrations are very much influenced not only by local and regional production but also by northern mid-latitudes background concentrations. Ozone trends in the Iberian Peninsula were previously analysed by Monteiro et al. (2012), based on 10-years of O<sub>3</sub> observations. Nevertheless, only two of the eleven background monitoring stations analysed in that study are located in Portugal and these two stations are located in Porto and Lisbon urban areas. Although during pollution events O<sub>3</sub> levels in urban areas may be high enough to affect human health, the highest concentrations are found in rural locations downwind from the urban and industrialized areas, rather than in cities. This happens because close to the sources (e.g., in urban areas) freshly emitted NO locally scavenges O<sub>3</sub>. A long-term study of the spatial and temporal variability and trends of the ozone concentrations over Portugal is missing, aiming to answer the following questions:</p><p>-           What is the temporal variability of ozone concentrations?</p><p>-           Which trends can we find in observations?</p><p>-           How were the ozone spring maxima concentrations affected by the COVID-19 lockdown during spring 2020?</p><p>In this presentation, these questions will be answered based on the statistical analysis of O<sub>3</sub> concentrations recorded within the national air quality monitoring network between 2005 and 2020 (16 years). The variability of the surface ozone concentrations over Portugal, on the timescales from diurnal to annual, will be presented and discussed, taking into account the physical and chemical processes that control that variability. Using the TheilSen function from the OpenAir package for R (Carslaw and Ropkins 2012), which quantifies monotonic trends and calculates the associated p-value through bootstrap simulations, O<sub>3</sub> concentration long-term trends will be estimated for the different regions and environments (e.g., rural, urban).  Moreover, taking advantage of the unique situation provided by the COVID-19 lockdown during spring 2020, when the government imposed mandatory confinement and citizens movement restriction, leading to a reduction in traffic-related atmospheric emissions, the role of these emissions on ozone levels during the spring period will be studied and presented.</p><p> </p><p>Carslaw and Ropkins, 2012. Openair—an R package for air quality data analysis. Environ. Model. Softw. 27-28,52-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2011.09.008</p><p>Monteiro et al., 2012. Trends in ozone concentrations in the Iberian Peninsula by quantile regression and clustering. Atmos. Environ. 56, 184-193. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.03.069</p>

scholarly journals Shipping emissions in the Iberian Peninsula and the impacts on air quality

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (15) ◽  
pp. 9473-9489
Author(s):  
Rafael A. O. Nunes ◽  
Maria C. M. Alvim-Ferraz ◽  
Fernando G. Martins ◽  
Fátima Calderay-Cayetano ◽  
Vanessa Durán-Grados ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
Marine Traffic ◽  
Shipping Traffic ◽  
Pm2.5 And Pm10 ◽  
Air Quality Guidelines

Abstract. Marine traffic has been identified as a relevant source of pollutants, which cause known negative effects on air quality. The Iberian Peninsula is a central point in the connection of shipping traffic between the Americas, Africa, and the rest of Europe. To estimate the effects of shipping emissions inland and around the Iberian Peninsula, the EMEP/MSC-W model was run considering and not considering shipping emissions (obtained with STEAM3). Total estimated emissions of CO, CO2, SOx, NOx, and particulate matter (subdivided into elementary carbon – EC, organic carbon – OC, sulfate, and ash) for the study domain in 2015 were respectively 49, 30 000, 360, 710, 4.5, 11, 32, and 3.3 kt yr−1. Shipping emissions increased SO2 and NO2 concentrations, especially near port areas, and also increased the O3, sulfate, and particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) concentrations over the entire Iberian Peninsula coastline (especially in the south coastal region). Shipping emissions were responsible for exceedances of WHO air quality guidelines for PM2.5 in areas far from the coastline, which confirms that shipping emissions can contribute negatively to air quality, both in coastal and inland areas.

scholarly journals Trends of Rural Tropospheric Ozone at the Northwest of the Iberian Peninsula

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Saavedra ◽  
A. Rodríguez ◽  
J. A. Souto ◽  
J. J. Casares ◽  
J. L. Bermúdez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Tropospheric Ozone ◽  
Air Quality Measurements ◽  
Meteorological Influences ◽  
Emission Changes ◽  
Rural Sites ◽  
Rural Character ◽  
Ozone Episodes ◽  
Ozone Levels

Tropospheric ozone levels around urban and suburban areas at Europe and North America had increased during 80’s–90’s, until the application of NOxreduction strategies. However, as it was expected, this ozone depletion was not proportional to the emissions reduction. On the other hand, rural ozone levels show different trends, with peaks reduction and average increments; this different evolution could be explained by either emission changes or climate variability in a region. In this work, trends of tropospheric ozone episodes at rural sites in the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula were analyzed and compared to others observed in different regions of the Atlantic European coast. Special interest was focused on the air quality sites characterization, in order to guarantee their rural character in terms of air quality. Both episodic local meteorological and air quality measurements along five years were considered, in order to study possible meteorological influences in ozone levels, different to other European Atlantic regions.

Dry season circulation‐type classification applied to precipitation and temperature in the Peruvian Andes

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (15) ◽  
pp. 6473-6491
Author(s):  
Martí Bonshoms ◽  
Francisco J. Álvarez‐Garcia ◽  
Jose Ubeda ◽  
William Cabos ◽  
Kelita Quispe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circulation Type ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Peruvian Andes ◽  
Type Classification ◽  
Precipitation And Temperature

Air quality and organic compounds in aerosols from a coastal rural area in the Western Iberian Peninsula over a year long period: Characterisation, loads and seasonal trends

2007 ◽  
Vol 41 (17) ◽  
pp. 3631-3643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiago Oliveira ◽  
Casimiro Pio ◽  
Célia Alves ◽  
Armando Silvestre ◽  
Margarita Evtyugina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Seasonal Trends ◽  
Long Period

scholarly journals A new circulation type classification based upon Lagrangian air trajectories

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre M. Ramos ◽  
Michael Sprenger ◽  
Heini Wernli ◽  
Ana M. Durán-Quesada ◽  
Maria N. Lorenzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circulation Type ◽  
Type Classification

scholarly journals A comprehensive sensitivity analysis of the WRF model for air quality applications over the Iberian Peninsula

2008 ◽  
Vol 42 (37) ◽  
pp. 8560-8574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Borge ◽  
Vassil Alexandrov ◽  
Juan José del Vas ◽  
Julio Lumbreras ◽  
Encarnacion Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Wrf Model

The COST733 circulation type classification software: an example for surface ozone concentrations in Central Europe

2010 ◽  
Vol 105 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 143-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Demuzere ◽  
P. Kassomenos ◽  
A. Philipp
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Surface Ozone ◽  
Circulation Type ◽  
Ozone Concentrations ◽  
Type Classification

scholarly journals Modified, threshold-based circulation type classification for Central Europe, on the basis of Lityński’s classification

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kinga Kulesza
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Circulation ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Classification Scheme ◽  
Circulation Type ◽  
Zonal Index ◽  
Circulation Types ◽  
Meridional Index ◽  
Type Classification

Abstract There are many classifications of atmospheric circulation types. In Poland, the most important one, used by Polish weather services, is the classification of circulation types developed by Lityński. This paper proposes four modifications to the currently used algorithm for determining atmospheric circulation types. The proposed algorithms have been compared and it has been shown which one produces a catalogue of circulation types in which the division of the distribution of the values of the three indices (the zonal index Ws, meridional index Wp and cyclonicity index Cp) into three classes is the closest to being equally likely. In 1986-2015, the classification scheme that deemed to be the best, differed in above 19% of cases from the currently used classification.

scholarly journals Caliope: an operational air quality forecasting system for the Iberian Peninsula, Balearic Islands and Canary Islands – first annual evaluation and ongoing developments

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Baldasano ◽  
P. Jiménez-Guerrero ◽  
O. Jorba ◽  
C. Pérez ◽  
E. López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Present Contribution ◽  
Ground Level Ozone ◽  
Gross Error ◽  
Quantitative Verification ◽  
Forecasting System ◽  
Ozone Episodes ◽  
Air Quality Forecasting

Abstract. The Caliope project funded by the Spanish Ministry of the Environment establishes an air quality forecasting system for Spain to increase the knowledge on transport and dynamics of pollutants in Spain, to assure the accomplishment of legislation and to inform the population about the levels of pollutants, topics in which the European Commission has shown a great concern. The present contribution describes the first quantitative verification study performed so far with two chemistry transport models (CMAQ and CHIMERE) for a reference year (2004) at medium spatial resolution (around 20×20 km for the Iberian Peninsula). Both models perform similarly in the case of ground-level ozone. The mean normalised gross error MNGE remains below 15–20% during summertime, when ozone episodes occur, outlining the good skills of the system concerning the forecasting of air quality in Spain. Furthermore, the ongoing developments of the system towards high resolution modelling (4×4 km for Spain, 12×12 km for Europe, 1 h temporal resolution) and the integration with observations within the Caliope umbrella are described.

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