A Scientific and Statistical Analysis of Accelerated Aging for Pharmaceuticals. Part 1: Accuracy of Fitting Methods

2014 ◽  
Vol 103 (10) ◽  
pp. 3000-3006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth C. Waterman ◽  
Jon T. Swanson ◽  
Blake L. Lippold

Author(s):  
Adhara Smith Nóbrega ◽  
Clóvis Lamartinede Moraes Melo Neto ◽  
Daniela Micheline dos Santos ◽  
André Pinheirode Magalhães Bertoz ◽  
André Luiz de MeloMoreno ◽  
...  

Abstract Objective This study aimed to evaluate the effect of accelerated aging on the sorption and solubility percentages of the MDX4-4210 and A-2186 silicones. Materials and Methods Two silicones (A-2186 and MDX4-4210) and three intrinsic pigments (bronze, black, and pink) were used in this study. Thus, six groups were created (n = 10): Group 1 = bronze MDX4-4210; Group 2 = black MDX4-4210; Group 3 = pink MDX4-4210; Group 4 = bronze A-2186; Group 5 = black A-2186; and Group 6 = pink A-2186. The dimensions of all samples were the same (45-mm diameter (ø) × 1-mm thickness). The samples were aged for a total of 1,008 hours. In this period of 1,008 hours of accelerated aging, the sorption and solubility percentages of each sample were calculated at three time points (252, 504, and 1,008 hours). Statistical Analysis Three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey test were performed (α = 0.05). Result Accelerated aging can significantly increase the sorption and solubility percentages of the MDX4-4210 and A-2186 silicones.



2016 ◽  
Vol 877 ◽  
pp. 569-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heng Cheng Liao ◽  
Ye Liu ◽  
Qi Gui Wang

An orthogonal hardness study of 4 factors (the step one aging temperature (T1) and time (t1), and step two aging temperature (T2) and time (t2)) with 3 levels was designed to optimize an accelerated aging process for a newly developed conductive aluminum alloy (Al-0.4wt.%Si-0.3wt.% Mg-0.3wt.%Ce). Statistical analysis of the experimental results indicates that the factor significance ranked from high to low is t2, T2, T1, and t1. The optimal aging process is 140°C×5h+220°C×5h. Experimental validation confirms that all the strength, hardness, elongation and conductivity with the optimized aging process exceed the predictions. Compared with the commonly used T7 process (190°C×20h), the optimized aging process leads to a more superior precipitation effect and much less time. TEM observation indicates the accelerated aging process significantly expedites the precipitating transformation even with much shorter aging time.



1966 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 188-189
Author(s):  
T. J. Deeming

If we make a set of measurements, such as narrow-band or multicolour photo-electric measurements, which are designed to improve a scheme of classification, and in particular if they are designed to extend the number of dimensions of classification, i.e. the number of classification parameters, then some important problems of analytical procedure arise. First, it is important not to reproduce the errors of the classification scheme which we are trying to improve. Second, when trying to extend the number of dimensions of classification we have little or nothing with which to test the validity of the new parameters.Problems similar to these have occurred in other areas of scientific research (notably psychology and education) and the branch of Statistics called Multivariate Analysis has been developed to deal with them. The techniques of this subject are largely unknown to astronomers, but, if carefully applied, they should at the very least ensure that the astronomer gets the maximum amount of information out of his data and does not waste his time looking for information which is not there. More optimistically, these techniques are potentially capable of indicating the number of classification parameters necessary and giving specific formulas for computing them, as well as pinpointing those particular measurements which are most crucial for determining the classification parameters.



Author(s):  
Gianluigi Botton ◽  
Gilles L'espérance

As interest for parallel EELS spectrum imaging grows in laboratories equipped with commercial spectrometers, different approaches were used in recent years by a few research groups in the development of the technique of spectrum imaging as reported in the literature. Either by controlling, with a personal computer both the microsope and the spectrometer or using more powerful workstations interfaced to conventional multichannel analysers with commercially available programs to control the microscope and the spectrometer, spectrum images can now be obtained. Work on the limits of the technique, in terms of the quantitative performance was reported, however, by the present author where a systematic study of artifacts detection limits, statistical errors as a function of desired spatial resolution and range of chemical elements to be studied in a map was carried out The aim of the present paper is to show an application of quantitative parallel EELS spectrum imaging where statistical analysis is performed at each pixel and interpretation is carried out using criteria established from the statistical analysis and variations in composition are analyzed with the help of information retreived from t/γ maps so that artifacts are avoided.



1979 ◽  
Vol 135 (1) ◽  
pp. 168
Author(s):  
H. William Perlis ◽  
John F. Huddleston




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