scholarly journals Statistical analysis of 12 years of standardized accelerated aging in photovoltaic‐module certification tests

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Gebhardt ◽  
Georg Mülhöfer ◽  
Arnd Roth ◽  
Daniel Philipp
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Photovoltaic Module ◽  
Certification Tests

Statistical analysis of degradation modes and mechanisms in various thin-film photovoltaic module technologies

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Schneller ◽  
Narendra S. Shiradkar ◽  
Camila L. Pereira ◽  
Leandro C. Fonseca ◽  
Neelkanth G. Dhere
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Photovoltaic Module ◽  
Degradation Modes

scholarly journals Effect of Accelerated Aging on the Sorption and Solubility Percentages of Silicone Facial Prostheses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adhara Smith Nóbrega ◽  
Clóvis Lamartinede Moraes Melo Neto ◽  
Daniela Micheline dos Santos ◽  
André Pinheirode Magalhães Bertoz ◽  
André Luiz de MeloMoreno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Facial Prostheses ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Objective This study aimed to evaluate the effect of accelerated aging on the sorption and solubility percentages of the MDX4-4210 and A-2186 silicones. Materials and Methods Two silicones (A-2186 and MDX4-4210) and three intrinsic pigments (bronze, black, and pink) were used in this study. Thus, six groups were created (n = 10): Group 1 = bronze MDX4-4210; Group 2 = black MDX4-4210; Group 3 = pink MDX4-4210; Group 4 = bronze A-2186; Group 5 = black A-2186; and Group 6 = pink A-2186. The dimensions of all samples were the same (45-mm diameter (ø) × 1-mm thickness). The samples were aged for a total of 1,008 hours. In this period of 1,008 hours of accelerated aging, the sorption and solubility percentages of each sample were calculated at three time points (252, 504, and 1,008 hours). Statistical Analysis Three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey test were performed (α = 0.05). Result Accelerated aging can significantly increase the sorption and solubility percentages of the MDX4-4210 and A-2186 silicones.

scholarly journals EFEITOS DA TEMPERATURA AMBIENTE E DA VELOCIDADE DO VENTO NO DESEMPENHO DE MÓDULOS SOLARES FOTOVOLTAICOS

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (15) ◽  
pp. 362
Author(s):  
Amaury De Souza ◽  
Ana Paula Garcia Oliveira ◽  
Flavio Aristone ◽  
Vanise Dos Santos Rodrigues ◽  
Gabriel Ozório Linhares Mello
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Photovoltaic Module ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Positive Linear Relationship ◽  
Module Prediction ◽  
Positive Linear Relation

EFFECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL TEMPERATURE AND WIND SPEED IN THE PERFORMANCE OF PHOTOVOLTAIC SOLAR MODULESEFECTOS DE LA TEMPERATURA AMBIENTAL Y LA VELOCIDAD DEL VIENTO EN EL DESEMPEÑO DE LOS MÓDULOS SOLARES FOTOVOLTAICOSRESUMOOs efeitos da temperatura ambiente e da velocidade dos ventos na análise de desempenho de um módulo fotovoltaico solar de silício monocristalino foram analisados em Campo Grande, MS, para o período janeiro a dezembro de 2017. O trabalho de pesquisa foi realizado monitorando a variação da eficiência do módulo em função desses parâmetros. Uma análise estatística é apresentada e o resultado indica que os valores do coeficiente de correlação são 96% e 68% para a temperatura ambiente e para velocidade dos ventos, respectivamente, considerando o nível de confiança de 95%. Os resultados mostram que existe uma forte relação linear positiva entre a eficiência do módulo e a temperatura ambiente, e uma relação linear positiva moderada com a velocidade dos ventos.Palavras-chave: Módulo Fotovoltaico; Predição de Eficiência; Condições Climáticas.ABSTRACTThe effects of ambient temperature and wind velocity on the performance analysis of a monocrystalline silicon solar photovoltaic module were analyzed in Campo Grande, MS, from January to December 2017. The research work was carried out by monitoring the efficiency variation of the module according to these parameters. A statistical analysis is presented and the result indicates that the values of the correlation coefficient are 96% and 68% for the ambient temperature and for wind speed, respectively, considering the 95% confidence level. The results show that there is a strong positive linear relationship between the modulus efficiency and the ambient temperature, and a moderate positive linear relation with the velocity of the winds.Keywords: Photovoltaic Module; Prediction of Efficiency; Climate Conditions.RESUMENLos efectos de la temperatura ambiente y de la velocidad de los vientos en el análisis de desempeño de un módulo fotovoltaico solar de silicio monocristalino fueron analizados en Campo Grande, MS, para el período enero a diciembre de 2017. El trabajo de investigación fue realizado monitoreando la variación de la eficiencia del módulo en función de estos parámetros. Se presenta un análisis estadístico y el resultado indica que los valores del coeficiente de correlación son 96% y 68% para la temperatura ambiente y para la velocidad de los vientos, respectivamente, considerando el nivel de confianza del 95%. Los resultados muestran que existe una fuerte relación lineal positiva entre la eficiencia del módulo y la temperatura ambiente, y una relación lineal positiva moderada con la velocidad de los vientos.Palabras clave: Módulo Fotovoltaico; Predicción de Eficiencia; Condiciones Climáticas.

A Scientific and Statistical Analysis of Accelerated Aging for Pharmaceuticals. Part 1: Accuracy of Fitting Methods

2014 ◽  
Vol 103 (10) ◽  
pp. 3000-3006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth C. Waterman ◽  
Jon T. Swanson ◽  
Blake L. Lippold
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Accelerated Aging

scholarly journals Development of Photovoltaic Module with Fabricated and Evaluated Novel Backsheet-Based Biocomposite Materials

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 3007 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. Alaaeddin ◽  
S. M. Sapuan ◽  
M. Y. M. Zuhri ◽  
E. S. Zainudin ◽  
Faris M. AL-Oqla
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Polyvinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Photovoltaic Module ◽  
Solar Module ◽  
Sugar Palm Fiber ◽  
Considerable Impact ◽  
Performance Results

Photovoltaic backsheets have considerable impact on the collective performance of solar cells. Material components should withstand certain temperatures and loads while maintaining high thermal stability under various weather conditions. Solar modules must demonstrate increased reliability, adequate performance, safety, and durability throughout the course of their lifetime. This work presents a novel solar module. The module consists of an innovative polyvinylidene fluoride-short sugar palm fiber (PVDF-SSPF) composite backsheet within its structure. It was electrically and thermally evaluated. The current-voltage characteristics (I-V) were obtained using the solar module analyzer, PROVA 210PV. A thermal evaluation was accomplished using a temperature device, SDL200. The thermal test consisted of two different assessments. The first targeted the surface and backsheet of the developed module to correlate their performance from within. The second assessment compared the thermal performance of the fabricated backsheet with the conventional one. Both tests were combined into a heatmap analysis to further understand the thermal performance. Results revealed that the developed module exhibited reasonable electrical efficiency, achieving appropriate and balanced I-V curves. PVDF-SSPF backsheets proved to be thermally stable by displaying less heat absorbance and better temperature shifts. Additional research efforts are highly encouraged to investigate other characteristics. To enhance performance, further analyses are needed such as the damp heat analysis, accelerated aging analysis, and heat dissipation phenomena.

scholarly journals Geo-information modelling of the insolation level within Ivano-Frankivsk region

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-231
Author(s):  
D. Kasiyanchuk ◽  
E. Kuzmenko ◽  
M. Tymkiv ◽  
A. Vitiuk
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
European Space Agency ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Photovoltaic Module ◽  
Information Analysis ◽  
Specific Point ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources

Use of alternative energy sources is one of the promising directions in economic and environmental development of any territory. The purpose of this article is to conduct geo-information analysis of the insolation level within Ivano-Frankivsk region located in the western part of Ukraine. When considering any research territory, it is worth conducting a factorial analysis, which gives the possibility to characterize any advantages and disadvantages of the use of alternative energy. Justification of approaches to the study of territories where alternative energy sources are located or generated is needed to create a unified system for assessment of the potential of the renewable energy sources. Ac- cording to data of the European Space Agency, the insolation level on the research territory varies from 1175 to 1425 kW/hour* sq. m/per day. The method of our research involves the statistical analysis of the insolation level and the factor approach to determining the existing level of insolation Insolation values, meteorological and geomorphological factor characteristics are used to substantiate the new methodology for calculating the existing insolation level. According to the statistical analysis and geo-information analysis, this reasonably permits us to structure months by the level of insolation as well as to calculate the insolation level at a specific point for a certain time of year. Taking into account the angle of inclination above the horizon – the Sun’s declination, the slope exposure – the Sun’s azimuth gives us the possibility to reduce the value of the relief point with its selected factor characteristics and the insolation value to the single coefficients, which permits us to clarify the information as to the insolation level of the selected region. Finally, this is resulted in creation of a map with the isolation levels for Ivano-Frankivsk region taking into account the factor characteristics. The map represents the changing of the insolation level for seven grouped months. It should be noted that insolation level is uneven and it is characterized by the widest gradation within the territories with complex relief. In that event, the optimal angle of solar photovoltaic module inclination equals 49° within Ivano-Frankivsk region. Such structuring clearly reflects the dynamics of changes in the insolation level for an individually selected zone. The scientific novelty of the obtained results is assessment of distribution of the solar energy potential required for further selection of areas to design and locate the solar power stations. The practical significance lies in obtaining the digital cartographic materials which allow assessment of the insolation value at a specific point in the studied region. Structuring of the insolation maps gives the possibility for further development of a unified insolation assessment scheme that is convenient for any user.

Study of an Accelerated Aging Process for Conductive Aluminum Alloys

2016 ◽  
Vol 877 ◽  
pp. 569-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heng Cheng Liao ◽  
Ye Liu ◽  
Qi Gui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Aluminum Alloys ◽  
Aging Time ◽  
Aging Temperature ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Experimental Validation ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Precipitation Effect

An orthogonal hardness study of 4 factors (the step one aging temperature (T1) and time (t1), and step two aging temperature (T2) and time (t2)) with 3 levels was designed to optimize an accelerated aging process for a newly developed conductive aluminum alloy (Al-0.4wt.%Si-0.3wt.% Mg-0.3wt.%Ce). Statistical analysis of the experimental results indicates that the factor significance ranked from high to low is t2, T2, T1, and t1. The optimal aging process is 140°C×5h+220°C×5h. Experimental validation confirms that all the strength, hardness, elongation and conductivity with the optimized aging process exceed the predictions. Compared with the commonly used T7 process (190°C×20h), the optimized aging process leads to a more superior precipitation effect and much less time. TEM observation indicates the accelerated aging process significantly expedites the precipitating transformation even with much shorter aging time.

Statistical analysis of classification

1966 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 188-189
Author(s):  
T. J. Deeming
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Classification Scheme ◽  
Analytical Procedure ◽  
Narrow Band ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Maximum Amount ◽  
Amount Of Information

If we make a set of measurements, such as narrow-band or multicolour photo-electric measurements, which are designed to improve a scheme of classification, and in particular if they are designed to extend the number of dimensions of classification, i.e. the number of classification parameters, then some important problems of analytical procedure arise. First, it is important not to reproduce the errors of the classification scheme which we are trying to improve. Second, when trying to extend the number of dimensions of classification we have little or nothing with which to test the validity of the new parameters.Problems similar to these have occurred in other areas of scientific research (notably psychology and education) and the branch of Statistics called Multivariate Analysis has been developed to deal with them. The techniques of this subject are largely unknown to astronomers, but, if carefully applied, they should at the very least ensure that the astronomer gets the maximum amount of information out of his data and does not waste his time looking for information which is not there. More optimistically, these techniques are potentially capable of indicating the number of classification parameters necessary and giving specific formulas for computing them, as well as pinpointing those particular measurements which are most crucial for determining the classification parameters.

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