Public Mental Health Clients with Severe Mental Illness and Probable Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Trauma Exposure and Correlates of Symptom Severity

Abstract Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has affected more than 5 million people around the world and killed more than 300,000 people; thus, it has become a global public health emergency. Our objective was to investigate the mental health of hospitalized patients diagnosed with COVID-19. Methods The PTSD checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7), Trauma Exposure Scale, abbreviated version of the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-10), Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS) and Demographic Questionnaire were used to examine posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, anxiety, trauma exposure, resilience and perceived social support among 898 patients who were hospitalized after being diagnosed with COVID-19 in China. The data were analyzed with t tests, one-way ANOVA and multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results The results showed that the prevalence of PTSD, depression and anxiety was 13.2, 21.0 and 16.4%, respectively. Hospitalized patients who were more impacted by negative news reports, had greater exposure to traumatic experiences, and had lower levels of perceived social support reported higher PTSD, depression and anxiety. Conclusions Effective professional mental health services should be designed to support the psychological wellbeing of hospitalized patients, especially those who have severe disease, are strongly affected by negative news and have high levels of exposure to trauma.

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Alcohol expectancies in persons with severe mental illness and posttraumatic stress disorder

Cogent Medicine ◽

10.1080/2331205x.2019.1635805 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 1635805

Author(s):

Pallavi Nishith ◽

Kim T. Mueser ◽

Gary A. Morse ◽

Udo Schumacher

Keyword(s):

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽

Mental Illness ◽

Severe Mental Illness ◽

Posttraumatic Stress ◽

Stress Disorder ◽

Alcohol Expectancies

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Cumulative childhood interpersonal trauma is associated with reduced cortical differentiation between threat and non-threat faces in posttraumatic stress disorder adults

Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1177/0004867418761578 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 53 (1) ◽

pp. 48-58 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Denise A Chu ◽

Richard A Bryant ◽

Justine M Gatt ◽

Anthony WF Harris

Keyword(s):

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽

Posttraumatic Stress ◽

Childhood Trauma ◽

Symptom Severity ◽

Stress Disorder ◽

Trauma Exposure ◽

Interpersonal Trauma ◽

Reward Processing ◽

Cumulative Exposure ◽

Neural Pathways

Objective: Posttraumatic stress disorder and childhood trauma frequently co-occur. Both are associated with abnormal neural responses to salient emotion stimuli. As childhood trauma is a risk factor for posttraumatic stress disorder, differentiating between their neurophysiological effects is necessary to elucidate the neural pathways by which childhood trauma exposure contributes to increased posttraumatic stress disorder risks. Methods: Face-specific N170 evoked response potentials for backward-masked (non-conscious) and conscious threat (fear, angry) and non-threat (happy) faces were measured in 77 adults (18–64 years old, 64% women, 78% right-handed) symptomatic for posttraumatic stress disorder. Differences in N170 peak amplitudes for fear-versus-happy and angry-versus-happy faces at bilateral temporo-occipital (T5, T6) sites were computed. The effect of cumulative exposure to childhood interpersonal trauma, other childhood trauma, adult trauma, depression and posttraumatic stress disorder symptom severity on the N170 response was assessed using hierarchical multiple regression analyses. Results: T5 N170 peak amplitudes for non-conscious fear-versus-happy faces were inversely related to cumulative childhood interpersonal trauma after accounting for socio-demographic, clinical symptom and other trauma factors. Posttraumatic stress disorder Avoidance was positively associated with N170 peak amplitudes for non-conscious fear-versus-happy faces, primarily due to reduced N170 responsivity to happy faces. Conclusion: Childhood interpersonal trauma exposure is associated with reduced discrimination between fear and happy faces, while avoidance symptom severity is associated with dampened responsivity to automatically processed happy faces in posttraumatic stress disorder adults. Results are discussed in terms of the likely contributions of impaired threat discrimination and deficient reward processing during neural processing of salient emotion stimuli, to increased risks of posttraumatic stress disorder onset and chronicity in childhood interpersonal trauma–exposed adults.

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Sexual Abuse and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Adult Women with Severe Mental Illness: A Pilot Study

Issues in Mental Health Nursing ◽

10.3109/01612840903581108 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 31 (7) ◽

pp. 456-460 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Rebecca Bonugli ◽

Margaret H. Brackley ◽

Gail B. Williams ◽

Janna Lesser

Keyword(s):

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽

Mental Illness ◽

Sexual Abuse ◽

Pilot Study ◽

Severe Mental Illness ◽

Posttraumatic Stress ◽

Stress Disorder ◽

Adult Women

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Childhood Abuse as a Precursor to Homelessness for Homeless Women With Severe Mental Illness

Violence and Victims ◽

10.1891/0886-6708.11.2.129 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 129-142 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Sally Davies-Netzley ◽

Michael S. Hurlburt ◽

Richard L. Hough

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽

Mental Illness ◽

Sexual Abuse ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

Severe Mental Illness ◽

Childhood Abuse ◽

Stress Disorder ◽

Homeless Women ◽

Physical And Sexual Abuse

Previous studies of childhood abuse levels among homeless women have typically focused either on single homeless women or female heads of families; almost none have focused specifically on homeless women with severe mental illness. This study explores rates of childhood physical and sexual abuse among 120 homeless women with severe mental illness. Correlates of experiencing childhood abuse are considered, including mental health outcomes and when women first become homeless. The prevalence of childhood abuse in this sample of women was substantially higher than among homeless women in general. The experience of childhood abuse was related to increased suicidality, and resulted in symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder for some women. Women who had suffered abuse were also much more likely to become homeless during childhood and it is suggested that this is an important precursor to homelessness for many homeless women with chronic and severe mental illness.

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