Habitat associations at multiple scales identify areas of management priority for American woodcock in Nova Scotia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E. Gutowsky ◽  
Lee F. G. Gutowsky ◽  
G. Randy Milton ◽  
Mark. L. Mallory
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Habitat Associations ◽  
American Woodcock

scholarly journals Growth and Habitat Use of Guadalupe Bass in the South Llano River, Texas

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-45
Author(s):  
Jillian R. Groeschel-Taylor ◽  
Seiji Miyazono ◽  
Timothy B. Grabowski ◽  
Gary P. Garrett
Keyword(s):  
Flow Regime ◽  
Habitat Restoration ◽  
Aquatic Vegetation ◽  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Habitat Associations ◽  
Life History Stage ◽  
The South ◽  
Ecological Requirements

Abstract Predicting how stream fishes may respond to habitat restoration efforts is difficult, in part because of an incomplete understanding of how basic biological parameters such as growth and ontogenetic habitat shifts interact with flow regime and riverscape ecology. We assessed age-specific Guadalupe Bass Micropterus treculii habitat associations at three different spatial scales in the South Llano River, a spring-fed stream on the Edwards Plateau of central Texas, and the influence of habitat and flow regime on growth. We classified substrates using a low-cost side-scan sonar system. We used scale microstructure to determine age and to back-calculate size at age. Over 65% of captured Guadalupe Bass were age 2 or age 3, but individuals ranged from 0 to 7 y of age. Habitat associations overlapped considerably among age classes 1–3+, but age-0 Guadalupe Bass tended to associate with greater proportions of pool and run mesohabitats with submerged aquatic vegetation. Although habitat metrics across multiple scales did not have a large effect on growth, river discharge was negatively correlated with growth rates. Understanding age-specific Guadalupe Bass habitat associations at multiple scales will increase the effectiveness of restoration efforts directed at the species by assisting in determining appropriate ecological requirements of each life-history stage and spatial scales for conservation actions.

scholarly journals THE DISTRIBUTION, STATUS AND HABITAT ASSOCIATIONS OF MOOSE IN MAINLAND NOVA SCOTIA

2004 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamaini V. Snaith ◽  
Karen F. Beazley
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Resource Availability ◽  
Habitat Associations ◽  
Habitat Alteration ◽  
Dense Forest ◽  
Stress Thermique ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Ranging Behaviour ◽  
Facteurs Environnementaux ◽  
Successional Vegetation

Throughout the Nova Scotia mainland, small and fragmented moose populations remain at varying densities and may be limited or regulated by a number of factors including interspecific competition, disease, habitat alteration/loss, mineral toxicity/deficiency, predation, poaching, and resource availability. Ranging behaviour and habitat requirements vary according to environmental factors; however, moose require food and cover in sufficient quantity and of appropriate interspersion to meet their daily and seasonal needs. Mature forest with a well developed understory, and open areas with early successional vegetation provide forage, while dense forest provides cover from thermal stress and deep snow. Strategies for moose conservation, such as through forest management, should concentrate on the preservation and enhancement of habitat to meet the critical requirements of viable moose populations and the re-establishment of connections among discrete populations.Sur la terre ferme en Nouvelle-Écosse, il reste de petites populations fragmentées d’orignaux de densités variables qui sont peut-être limitées ou régulées par plusieurs facteurs dont la compétition interspécifique, les maladies, l’altération ou la destruction des habitats, la toxicité des minéraux ou le manque de minéraux, la prédation, le braconnage et la disponibilité des ressources. Les déplacements et les besoins en matière d’habitat des orignaux varient en fonction des facteurs environnementaux; cependant, les orignaux ont besoin de nourriture et d’un couvert adéquatement répartis pour satisfaire leurs besoins quotidiens et saisonniers. Les forêts matures à sous-étage bien développé et les zones ouvertes caractérisées par des espèces végétales pionnières fournissent la nourriture, tandis que les forêts denses offrent un couvert contre le stress thermique et la neige épaisse. Les stratégies de conservation des orignaux, par exemple associées à l’aménagement des forêts, devraient viser principalement la conservation et l’amélioration de l’habitat de manière à combler les besoins essentiels des populations viables d’orignaux, ainsi que le rétablissement de la connectivité entre les populations disjointes.

scholarly journals Cross-scale Correlations and the Design and Analysis of Avian Habitat Selection Studies

The Condor ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Battin ◽  
Joshua J. Lawler
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Selection ◽  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Hierarchical Modeling ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Classification Tree ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Habitat Associations ◽  
Selection Decisions ◽  
Habitat Variables

Abstract It has long been suggested that birds select habitat hierarchically, progressing from coarser to finer spatial scales. This hypothesis, in conjunction with the realization that many organisms likely respond to environmental patterns at multiple spatial scales, has led to a large number of avian habitat studies that have attempted to quantify habitat associations at multiple scales. Typically, multiscale habitat selection studies involve the assessment of habitat selection separately at two or more scales. Until recently, these studies have ignored the potential for cross-scale correlations: correlations among habitat variables across scales. If environmental patterns are correlated across the scales being analyzed, researchers using traditional analytical methods may reach erroneous conclusions about the presence or strength of habitat associations at a given scale. We discuss the ways in which cross-scale correlations manifest themselves in two types of habitat selection studies: (1) “constrained” designs that assume a hierarchical ordering of habitat selection decisions, and (2) “unconstrained” designs, which do not assume such a selection process. We demonstrate approaches for quantifying and modeling cross-scale correlations, including a simulation model, a variance decomposition technique, and a hierarchical modeling approach based on classification tree analysis. We conclude that cross-scale correlations have the potential to affect data interpretation in all types of habitat selection studies and that, even with careful attention to experimental design and the application of newly developed statistical techniques, it is likely their effects cannot be eliminated.

Abundance of Panamanian dry-forest birds along gradients of forest cover at multiple scales

2009 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse R. Lasky ◽  
Timothy H. Keitt
Keyword(s):  
Forest Cover ◽  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Habitat Associations ◽  
Forest Birds ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Forest Species ◽  
Dry Forests ◽  
Open Habitat ◽  
Forest Coverage

Abstract:Community structure and species’ abundances may be strongly correlated to patterns of forest cover, although such patterns are poorly known for tropical dry-forest birds, especially for those in Panamanian dry forests. Birds were distance-sampled during point counts in five dry-forest fragments in Panama. Distance from point count to forest edge and forest coverage at three spatial scales (500, 1000 and 2000-m radius) were compared as covariate predictors of the abundance of avian species and guilds. Each covariate was selected in at least two models of species or guild abundance. Abundance patterns were consistent with previously reported habitat associations for only two of seven open-habitat or forest-preferring species that showed forest cover-abundance relationships. Null models best described the abundance of all forest species and the subset of uncommon forest species. Thus many of these species appear insensitive to the forest-cover gradients studied. Total abundance of open-habitat-preferring species increased in dry forests with increasing forest coverage within 500 m, suggesting that the relationship between their abundance and vegetation structure are spatial-scale and habitat dependent. Nectarivores had lower abundance as forest cover within 1000 m increased, supporting previous claims that this group is tolerant of forest edges.

scholarly journals New Records for the Arctic Shrew, Sorex arcticus and the Newly Recognized Maritime Shrew, Sorex maritimensis

2004 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil D. Perry ◽  
Donald T. Stewart ◽  
Elizabeth M. Madden ◽  
Thomas J. Maier
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
New Records ◽  
First Record ◽  
Habitat Associations ◽  
The State ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Limited Knowledge ◽  
The Status ◽  
Careful Assessment

We report the first record for the Arctic Shrew (Sorex arcticus) in the state of Montana, USA. We also report range extensions for the closely related Maritime Shrew (Sorex maritimensis) in New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, Canada. These collections augment our limited knowledge of the ranges and habitat associations of these rarely collected shrews, and highlight the need for a careful assessment of the status of S. maritimensis in Canada.

scholarly journals Consequences of Habitat Utilization by Nest Predators and Breeding Songbirds Across Multiple Scales in an Urbanizing Landscape

The Condor ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 516-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Marzluff ◽  
John C. Withey ◽  
Kara A. Whittaker ◽  
M. David Oleyar ◽  
Thomas M. Unfried ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Nest Predation ◽  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Habitat Associations ◽  
Forest Patch ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Neighborhood Scale ◽  
Patch Scale ◽  
Nest Predators

Abstract Abstract. Nest predation may influence habitat selection by birds at multiple spatial scales. We blended population and community ecology to investigate this possibility for 15 species of forest songbirds and their diurnal nest predators (corvids and sciurids) in 28 1 km2 sites near Seattle, Washington, from 1998 to 2004. We determined whether songbirds were positively or negatively associated with nest predators at three spatial scales, and whether their co-occurrence affected reproductive success. At the largest ‘neighborhood’ scale (1 km2 areas that included suburban and exurban development and second-growth forest remnants), nest predators and their prey were positively or negatively correlated according to general species-specific habitat associations. At the intermediate ‘forest patch’ scale (among remnant forested areas 0.5 to 70 ha), associations between predators and prey were generally weak. At the smallest ‘within patch’ scale (multiple 50 m radius survey plots within each forest patch), some songbird species avoided areas with greater predator use, particularly by Steller's Jays (Cyanocitta stelleri). Failed nests and territories tended to be in locations of higher predator occurrence (especially of corvids) than successful ones, but at the largest 1 km2 neighborhood scale relative abundance of nest predators was not correlated with the fate of nesting attempts or annual reproductive success. Reproductive success was generally high, with 52% of all nests and 49% of all territories fledging at least one young (for all species and years combined). Nest predation influenced some species' use of resources, but was not a strong influence on overall reproductive success or community structure.

scholarly journals Habitat associations and distribution model forFuscopannaria leucostictain Nova Scotia, Canada

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 487-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kara PEARSON ◽  
Robert CAMERON ◽  
R. Troy MCMULLIN
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Habitat Associations ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Mean Annual Temperature ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Ecological Requirements ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation

AbstractFuscopannaria leucostictais a rare and understudied cyanolichen with an interesting and unusual distribution in tertiary relict hotspots worldwide. There is a relatively large population in eastern North America, where it occurs mostly throughout the Appalachian Mountains and reaches its northernmost extent in New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, Canada. The ability to detect this species, and thus determine its habitat requirements, is critical for understanding how it might be affected by human-induced environmental degradation. Maximum entropy modelling with MaxEnt was used to predict the distribution of suitable habitat for this species in Nova Scotia using 62 presence locations, 1405 pseudo-absence locations and four environmental covariates: depth to water table (a proxy for relative soil moisture), distance to the coast and mean annual temperature and precipitation. Our predictive maps identify important habitat features and areas of high suitability in Nova Scotia with an area under the curve value of 0·85. The predicted distribution of this lichen was most affected by temperature. This study elucidates locations as well as species-habitat relationships forF. leucosticta,providing land managers with baseline data that can aid in the discovery of additional populations and provide a better understanding of its ecological requirements which will support the development of sound conservation strategies for this rare lichen.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document