Otolaryngology in the medical school curriculum: Current trends in the United States

Objective: The most recent survey on instruction practices in libraries affiliated with accredited medical institutions in the United States was conducted in 1996. The present study sought to update these data, while expanding to include Canadian libraries. Additional analysis was undertaken to test for statistically significant differences between library instruction in the United States and Canada and between libraries affiliated with highly ranked and unranked institutions.Methods: A twenty-eight-question survey was distributed to libraries affiliated with accredited US and Canadian medical schools to assess what and how often librarians teach, as well as how librarians are involved in the curriculum committee and if they are satisfied with their contact with students and faculty. Quantitative data were analyzed with SAS, R, and MedCalc.Results: Most of the seventy-three responding libraries provided instruction, both asynchronously and synchronously. Library instruction was most likely to be offered in two years of medical school, with year one seeing the most activity. Database use was the most frequently taught topic, and libraries reported a median of five librarians providing instruction, with larger staffs offering slightly more education sessions per year. Libraries associated with highly ranked schools were slightly more likely to offer sessions that were integrated into the medical school curriculum in year four and to offer sessions in more years overall.Conclusions: In US and Canadian libraries, regardless of the rank of the affiliated medical school, librarians’ provision of instruction in multiple formats on multiple topics is increasingly common.

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133 Neurosurgery Education in The Medical School Curriculum: A Scoping Review

British Journal of Surgery ◽

10.1093/bjs/znab134.117 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 108 (Supplement_2) ◽

Author(s):

K S Lee ◽

J J Y Zhang ◽

A Alamri ◽

A Chari

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Medical School ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

The United States ◽

School Curriculum ◽

Medical School Curriculum ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Scoping Reviews ◽

Specific Teaching

Abstract Introduction Worldwide, there is no specific medical school curriculum in neurosurgery despite a high burden of neurosurgical disease that is often assessed, investigated and managed by generalists. This scoping review was carried out to map available evidence pertaining to the provision of neurosurgery education in the medical school curriculum across the world. Method This review was conducted in accordance to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis extension for Scoping Reviews. Results Ten studies were included. Six were from the United Kingdom, two from the United States, and one each from Canada and Ireland. Two studies evaluated perceptions of both medical students and practicing clinicians, five studies evaluated the perceptions of medical students and three studies reported perceptions of clinicians only. Three main themes were identified. Neurosurgery was perceived as an important part of the general medical student curriculum. Exposure to neurosurgery teaching was varied but when received, deemed useful and students were keen to receive more. Interest in a neurosurgical career amongst medical students was high. Conclusions There is a lack of a specialty-specific medical school curriculum and variability of medical students’ exposure to neurosurgery teaching exists. Our findings highlight the need to systematically assess specialty-specific teaching and determine adequacy.

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Assessment of medical students’ proficiency in dermatology: Are medical students adequately prepared to diagnose and treat common dermatologic conditions in the United States?

Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professions ◽

10.3352/jeehp.2015.12.18 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

pp. 18 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Catherine A Ulman ◽

Stephen Bruce Binder ◽

Nicole J. Borges

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Medical Students ◽

Medical School ◽

Multiple Choice ◽

The United States ◽

School Curriculum ◽

Current Medical ◽

Average Score ◽

Clinical Rotations ◽

A Current

This study assessed whether a current medical school curriculum is adequately preparing medical students to diagnose and treat common dermatologic conditions. A 15-item anonymous multiple choice quiz covering fifteen diseases was developed to test students’ ability to diagnose and treat common dermatologic conditions. The quiz also contained five items that assessed students’ confidence in their ability to diagnose common dermatologic conditions, their perception of whether they were receiving adequate training in dermatology, and their preferences for additional training in dermatology. The survey was performed in 2014, and was completed by 85 students (79.4%). Many students (87.6%) felt that they received inadequate training in dermatology during medical school. On average, students scored 46.6% on the 15-item quiz. Proficiency at the medical school where the study was performed is considered an overall score of greater than or equal to 70.0%. Students received an average score of 49.9% on the diagnostic items and an average score of 43.2% on the treatment items. The findings of this study suggest that United States medical schools should consider testing their students and assessing whether they are being adequately trained in dermatology. Then schools can decide if they need to re-evaluate the timing and delivery of their current dermatology curriculum, or whether additional curriculum hours or clinical rotations should be assigned for dermatologic training.

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Scoping review of implementing a longitudinal curriculum in undergraduate medical education: The wake forest experience

The Ultrasound Journal ◽

10.1186/s13089-021-00206-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Casey Glass ◽

Aarti Sarwal ◽

Joshua Zavitz ◽

Joshua Nitsche ◽

JaNae Joyner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Education ◽

Medical School ◽

Undergraduate Medical Education ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Medical Schools ◽

The United States ◽

School Curriculum ◽

Medical School Curriculum ◽

Anatomy And Physiology ◽

Institutional Experience

Abstract Background Hands-on ultrasound experience has become a desirable component for undergraduate medical education (UGME) curricula throughout medical schools in the United States (US) to enhance readiness for future training. Ultrasound integration can be a useful assistive educational method in undergraduate medical education to improve anatomy and physiology skills. Relatively few medical schools have integrated ultrasound experiences formally into their 4-year medical school curriculum due to limitations of a resource intensive set up. Methods We undertook a scoping review of published UGME ultrasound curricula integrated into all four years in peer-reviewed as well online literature. In addition, we provide a narrative review of our institutional experience in conceptualization, design and implementation of UGME ultrasound curriculum driven by need to address the fading knowledge in anatomy and physiology concepts beyond pre-clinical years. Results Integrated ultrasound curriculum at WFSOM utilizes focused ultrasonography as a teaching aid for students to gain a more thorough understanding of basic and clinical science concepts taught in the medical school curriculum. We found 18 medical schools with ultrasound curricula published in peer-reviewed literature with a total of 33 ultrasound programs discovered by adding Google search and personal communication Conclusions The results of the review and our institutional experience can help inform future educators interested in developing similar curricula in their undergraduate programs. Common standards, milestones and standardized competency-based assessments would be helpful in more widespread application of ultrasound in UGME curricula.

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A developing medical school curriculum by the Learning Outcomes Framework

Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction ◽

10.22251/jlcci.2019.19.8.725 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (8) ◽

pp. 725-748

Author(s):

Janghee Park

Keyword(s):

Medical School ◽

Learning Outcomes ◽

School Curriculum ◽

Medical School Curriculum

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Building on Past Experience

10.1093/oso/9780199370818.003.0012 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

J. Donald Boudreau ◽

Eric J. Cassell ◽

Abraham Fuks

Keyword(s):

Medical School ◽

School Curriculum ◽

Past Experience ◽

Medical School Curriculum ◽

Learning Activities ◽

Dual Roles ◽

Medical Program ◽

Mcgill University ◽

Ongoing Development ◽

Renewal Project

This chapter serves to explain the link between a curricular renewal project that has already been completed and one that is envisaged as an aspirational goal and serves as the focus of the book. The Physicianship Curriculum has its origins in courses introduced in 1998 and that evolved over two decades in the undergraduate medical program at McGill University. The innovative modules and learning activities were initially rolled out under the ambit of two distinct conceptual streams: professionalism and healing in medicine. Ongoing development continued using “physicianship” as a new descriptive label. Physicianship refers to the dual roles of the physician: the physician as professional and as healer. The flagship course of the physicianship component of McGill’s medical school curriculum has been a 4-year longitudinal apprenticeship; it is described in detail.

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Brazil is my cousin, the U.S. has parks: Children’s construction of Brazil and the United States in a bilingual education program

Global Studies of Childhood ◽

10.1177/20436106211000759 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 204361062110007

Author(s):

Mariana Lima Becker ◽

Gabrielle Oliveira ◽

Virginia Alex

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Social Relationships ◽

First Graders ◽

The United States ◽

School Curriculum ◽

Institutional Expectations ◽

Material Goods ◽

English Classroom ◽

Construction Of Place ◽

The U.S

Drawing from a 3-year ethnographic project in one elementary school in the United States, this article examines how a group of 43 first graders perceived and constructed Brazil and the U.S. during a drawing and writing activity in their bilingual (Portuguese-English) classroom. The majority of the participating children (81.4%) either migrated from Brazil to the U.S. or were born in the U.S. of Brazilian parents. Data analysis reveals that Brazil was frequently portrayed as an idyllic landscape that included several relatives and friends and a range of activities with loved ones, while the U.S. involved immediate family members, material goods, and places for leisure. Grounded in a relational understanding of place and placemaking, we argue that the children engaged in a range of place-based moves to construct Brazil and the United States during the activity. These acts of placemaking included evocations of transnational memories, ongoing activities and aspirations, social relationships, and local institutional expectations, particularly the school curriculum and teachers’ discourse about Brazil. The findings suggest that immigrant children’s construction of place is multifaceted, dynamic, and situated.

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Culinary Medicine Training in Core Medical School Curriculum Improved Medical Student Nutrition Knowledge and Confidence in Providing Nutrition Counseling

American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine ◽

10.1177/15598276211021749 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 155982762110217

Author(s):

Christopher R. D’Adamo ◽

Kayli Workman ◽

Christine Barnabic ◽

Norman Retener ◽

Bernadette Siaton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Student ◽

Medical Students ◽

Medical School ◽

Patient Care ◽

School Curriculum ◽

Nutrition Knowledge ◽

Medical School Curriculum ◽

Nutrition Counseling ◽

Patient Counseling ◽

Culinary Medicine

Background: Elective culinary medicine education has become popular to help fill important gaps in physician nutrition training. The implementation and outcomes among the inaugural cohort of medical students who received culinary medicine training as a required component of medical school curriculum at the University of Maryland School of Medicine are described. Methods: Following a series of elective pilot sessions, culinary medicine training was provided to all first-year medical students in the 2019-2020 academic year. The 3-hour training included evidence-based nutrition lecture, cooking simple recipes, and group discussion of the application to personal and patient care. Pre-/postsession questionnaires assessed nutrition knowledge, skills, and attitudes as well as nutritional counseling confidence. Paired t-tests estimated mean differences in outcomes pre- and posttraining. Qualitative data were subjected to thematic analysis. Results: Overall, 119 of 125 (95.2%) students provided pre- and posttraining outcomes data. All nutritional and patient counseling outcomes improved ( P < .05). Themes of being better prepared to address healthy eating barriers in patient care and personal ability to make healthy dietary changes were noted in qualitative analysis. Conclusion: One session of culinary medicine training in core medical student curriculum was feasible and improved medical student nutrition knowledge, skills, and attitudes and confidence in patient nutrition counseling.

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Teaching Pathology in an Integrated Preclinical Medical School Curriculum and Adaptations to COVID-19 Restrictions

Academic Pathology ◽

10.1177/23742895211015337 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. 237428952110153

Author(s):

Matthew D. Krasowski ◽

John L. Blau ◽

Stephanie J. Chen ◽

Karra A. Jones ◽

Thomas J. Schmidt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical School ◽

Small Groups ◽

Integrated Curriculum ◽

Sudden Change ◽

Health Professions ◽

School Curriculum ◽

Medical School Curriculum ◽

Professional Schools ◽

Large Group ◽

Virtual Instruction

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a major impact on education at all age levels, including professional schools and health professions programs. We describe the experience of adapting preclinical medical school courses within an integrated curriculum to virtual instruction. A major feature of two of the courses were pathology small groups adapted from pathology courses in the previous medical school curriculum. These small groups were designed to use facilitated groups of 8 to 10 students. With a sudden change to virtual learning, these small groups were shifted to large group virtual sessions. In general, the conversion went well, with ongoing optimization of the format of the large group sessions mainly occurring over the first several sessions. End-of-course student evaluations were generally positive, but with a preference toward returning to live sessions in the future. Scores on 5 multiple choice examinations in the spring 2020 course were essentially identical in mean, standard deviation, and distribution to examinations in the previous 2 years of the course that had similar layout and topic organization. We discuss the challenges and successes of the switch to virtual instruction and of teaching pathology content within an integrated medical school curriculum.

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