Effectiveness OF Mulching Under Miraba in Controlling Soil Erosion, Fertility Restoration and Crop Yield in the Usambara Mountains, Tanzania

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 1266-1275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sibaway Bakari Mwango ◽  
Balthazar Michael Msanya ◽  
Peter W. Mtakwa ◽  
Didas N. Kimaro ◽  
Jozef Deckers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Fertility Restoration

scholarly journals Hydrological Modeling in an Ungauged Basin of Central Vietnam Using SWAT Model

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ammar Rafiei Emam ◽  
Martin Kappas ◽  
Linh Hoang Khanh Nguyen ◽  
Tsolmon Renchin
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
River Discharge ◽  
Hydrological Modeling ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Actual Evapotranspiration ◽  
Ungauged Basin ◽  
Central Vietnam

Abstract. Hydrological modeling of ungauged basins which have a high risk of natural hazards (e.g., flooding, droughts) is always imperative for policymakers and stakeholders. The Aluoi district in Hue province is a representative case study in Central Vietnam, as it is under extreme pressure of natural and anthropogenic factors. Flooding, soil erosion and sedimentation are the main hazards in this area, which threaten socio-economic activities not only in this district but also those of the area downstream. To evaluate the water resources and risk of natural hazards, we used Soil and Water Assessment Tools (SWAT) to set up a hydrological model in the ungauged basin of Aluoi district. A regionalization approach was used to predict the river discharge at the outlet of the basin. The model was calibrated in three time scales: daily, monthly and yearly by river discharge, actual evapotranspiration (ETa) and crop yield, respectively. The model was calibrated with Nash-Sutcliff and an R2 coefficients greater than 0.7, in daily and monthly scales, respectively. In the yearly scale, the crop yield inside the model was calibrated and validated with RMSE less than 2.4 ton/ha, which showed the high performance of the model. The water resource components were mapped temporally and spatially. The outcomes showed that the highest mean monthly surface runoff, 700 to 765 mm, between September and November, resulted in extreme soil erosion and sedimentation. The monthly average of actual evapotranspiration was the highest in May and lowest in December. Furthermore, installing "Best Management Practice" (BMPs) reduced surface runoff and soil erosion in agricultural lands. However, using event-based hydrological and hydraulically models in the prediction and simulation of flooding events is recommended in further studies.

Natural terrace formation through vegetative barriers on hillside farms in Honduras

1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Walle ◽  
Brian G. Sims
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
South Central ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Small Scale Farmers ◽  
And Control ◽  
Soil Accumulation

AbstractThe effects of contour live barriers of vetiver and pennisetum on soil erosion were studied on four small farms in south central Honduras. Paired plots were installed and soil erosion measured by changes in the soil surface level of transects 0.3 and 6.0 m up the slope from the barrier. After three years, transects 0.3 m above the barriers significantly retained eroded soil compared with control transects. Soil accumulation by barriers ranged from 2.6 to 11.2 cm, and natural terrace formation (the difference between the barrier and corresponding control transect) ranged from 5.2 to 13.8 cm. No difference was detected between barrier and control for the transects 6.0 m above the barrier. Deposition in front of the barriers and reduction in surface rilling were apparent to farmers. Erosion from up slope on the barrier plots and from both transects in the control sections was not obvious. Direct measurement and farmer observation of sediment deposition by live barriers will help evaluate farmer-identified species for future use. The deposition helps farmers become aware of sheet erosion before the effects of soil degradation on crop yields become grossly apparent and soil fertility restoration becomes too costly for small-scale farmers.

scholarly journals The 'Landcare' approach to soil conservation in the Philippines: an assessment of farm-level impacts

2007 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 721 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Cramb ◽  
D. Catacutan ◽  
Z. Culasero-Arellano ◽  
K. Mariano
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Soil Conservation ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Conservation Practices ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Farm Level ◽  
Conservation Farming ◽  
The Impact

‘Landcare’ is a group-based approach to the promotion of conservation farming. A case study of the Landcare program in Lantapan in the southern Philippines is presented to assess the farm-level impacts of this approach. The program was successful in promoting the formation of Landcare groups and a municipal Landcare association, resulting in rapid and widespread adoption of conservation practices, particularly among maize farmers. This in turn significantly reduced soil erosion, though the impact on crop yield and income was somewhat delayed. Adoption was thus not motivated primarily by short-term returns but by a concern to reduce soil erosion and provide a basis for diversification into agroforestry.

Effects of double drilling of small grains on soil erosion by concentrated flow and crop yield

2007 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 379-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Gyssels ◽  
J. Poesen ◽  
A. Knapen ◽  
W. Van Dessel ◽  
J. Léonard
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Concentrated Flow ◽  
Small Grains

scholarly journals Evaluating the interaction between sediment fluxes, carbon dynamics and biomass production using an integrated model

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Bouchoms ◽  
Zhengang Wang ◽  
Veerle Vanacker ◽  
Kristof Van Oost
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Erosion Rates ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Low Sensitivity

Abstract. During the last centuries, forest clearance has led to an increase of the erosion rates by one to two orders of magnitude. Sustained accelerated soil erosion alters key soil properties such as nutrient, water availability, soil depth and soil texture, which in turns have detrimental effects on crop yields and therefore reduce C input to soils. In this study, we applied a 1-D model dynamically linking soil organic carbon (SOC) turnover, soil erosion and crop yield at the profile scale. We extracted a relationship linking crop yield to soil erosion based on available literature and categorized them into three functional forms: high sensitivity to erosion, linear response and low sensitivity to erosion. We tested and validated the model using published observational data from 12 catchments across Europe and the USA. Model evaluation showed that accounting for the erosion-crop yield feedback (i) increased SOC losses by 20 % on average and (ii) improved the SOC losses predictions, particularly for higher cumulative soil erosion, compared to the results obtained without the feedback. Cumulative vertical carbon fluxes were reduced by 15 to 71 % compared to the no-feedback model, although the large variability highlighted the need to perform site-specific adjustments of the erosion-crop yield relationship. Exploration of parameter sensitivity to SOC parameters and erosion showed that long-term simulations of both SOC loss and vertical C fluxes were primarily influenced by the erosion rate, the yield response to erosion and the depth distribution of the mineralization rate of organic matter. Our simulations further highlighted the increased SOC losses (−3 to −17 %) and reduced C uptake from the atmosphere (−30 %) in the erosion-crop yield feedback scenario, compared to the no-feedback scenario after 200 years, as well as the importance of the functional form of the erosion-crop yield relationship. Together, this modeling study shows that including the effects of erosion on crop yields has a large potential to reduce uncertainties associated with the estimation of the C budget in landscapes subjected to erosion.

scholarly journals Effects of cultivating different crops on soil erosion of slope farmland

2021 ◽  
pp. 925-932
Author(s):  
Zhen Guo ◽  
Juan Li
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Erosion Resistance ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Size Composition ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Slope Farmland

The soil nutrient content, particle size composition, crop yield and erosion resistance were studied considering the slope farmland with different slope sizes and different crops as the research object. The results showed that the available phosphorus content was higher under the wheat planting mode. Rape planting was conducive to the accumulation of organic matter, total nitrogen and available potassium, and nutrient accumulation was more obvious when treated at 5° slope. The soil texture was sandy loam under the wheat planting mode. After rapeseed planting, the soil texture began to change to silt loam. The crop yield was the highest under different planting modes at 5°. Rapeseed was found to increase the soil erosion resistance of sloping farmland compared with wheat, and the greater was the slope, the stronger the erosion resistance. Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(3): 925-932, 2021 (September) Special

scholarly journals Human induced soil erosion and the implications on crop yield in a small mountainous Mediterranean catchment (SW-Turkey)

CATENA ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 149 ◽  
pp. 491-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maarten Van Loo ◽  
Bert Dusar ◽  
Gert Verstraeten ◽  
Hans Renssen ◽  
Bastiaan Notebaert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Sw Turkey

Soil erosion, soil fertility and crop yield on slow-forming terraces in the highlands of Buberuka, Rwanda

2013 ◽  
Vol 128 ◽  
pp. 23-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.M. Kagabo ◽  
L. Stroosnijder ◽  
S.M. Visser ◽  
D. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Crop Yield
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