Case ascertainment of alcohol dependence in general population surveys: ‘gated’ versus ‘ungated’ approaches

Abstract Background. General population data on associations between mental disorders and total mortality are rare. The aim was to analyze whether the number of mental disorders, single substance use, mood, anxiety, somatoform or eating disorders during the lifetime and whether treatment utilization may predict time to death 20 years later in the general adult population. Methods. We used data from the Composite International Diagnostic Interview, which includes DSM-IV diagnoses for substance use, mood, anxiety, somatoform, and eating disorders, for a sample of 4,075 residents in Germany who were 18–64 years old in 1996. Twenty years later, mortality was ascertained using the public mortality database for 4,028 study participants. Cox proportional hazards models were applied for disorders that existed at any time in life before the interview. Results. The data revealed increased hazard ratios (HRs) for number of mental disorders (three or more; HR 1.4; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.1–1.9) and for single disorders (alcohol dependence, dysthymia, panic disorder with agoraphobia, and hypochondriasis), with the reference group being study participants who had not suffered from any of the mental disorders analyzed and with adjustments made for age, sex, and education. Among individuals with any mental disorder during their lifetimes, having been an inpatient in treatment for a mental disorder was related to a higher HR (2.2; CI 1.6–3.0) than was not having been in any treatment for a mental disorder. Conclusions. In this sample of adults in the general population, three or more mental disorders, alcohol dependence, dysthymia, panic disorder with agoraphobia, and hypochondriasis were related to premature death.

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The Case for Non-Binary Gender Questions in Surveys

Political Science and Politics ◽

10.1017/s1049096519001203 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 53 (1) ◽

pp. 128-135

Author(s):

Mike Medeiros ◽

Benjamin Forest ◽

Patrik Öhberg

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

General Population ◽

Statistical Difference ◽

Adverse Reactions ◽

The United States ◽

Survey Experiment ◽

Population Surveys ◽

Gender Categories ◽

Binary Gender

ABSTRACTLGBTQ activists and academics advocate the use of non-binary gender categories to include individuals who identify as neither rigidly male nor rigidly female to reflect the increasing number of people who do not place themselves in these two conventional classes. Although some general-population surveys have begun using non-binary gender questions, research has not examined the consequences of using (or not) a question with non-binary gender categories in surveys and censuses. Our study addresses this gap using a survey experiment in which respondents in the United States, Canada, and Sweden randomly received a binary or a non-binary gender question. We find no evidence of negative reactions to the non-binary question. Moreover, when there is a statistical difference, the reactions are positive. We thus conclude that general-population surveys could use a non-binary question without facing significant adverse reactions from respondents.

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9. Immigration and general population surveys in Spain: The CIS surveys

Surveying Ethnic Minorities and Immigrant Populations ◽

10.1515/9789048519187-010 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 195-218 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Keyword(s):

General Population ◽

Population Surveys

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A risk marker for alcohol dependence on chromosome 2q35 is related to neuroticism in the general population

Molecular Psychiatry ◽

10.1038/mp.2009.119 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 126-128 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

H J Grabe ◽

J Mahler ◽

S H Witt ◽

A Schulz ◽

K Appel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

General Population ◽

Alcohol Dependence ◽

Risk Marker

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Experienced Harm from Other People's Drinking: A Comparison of Northern European Countries

Substance Abuse Research and Treatment ◽

10.4137/sart.s23504 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 9s2 ◽

pp. SART.S23504 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Inger Synnøve Moan ◽

Elisabet E. Storvoll ◽

Erica Sundin ◽

Ingunn Olea Lund ◽

Kim Bloomfield ◽

...

Keyword(s):

General Population ◽

Physical Abuse ◽

Study Design ◽

Verbal Abuse ◽

Comparative Data ◽

European Countries ◽

Urban Residents ◽

Population Surveys ◽

Northern European

Objective This study addresses how experienced harm from other people's drinking varies between six Northern European countries by comparing 1) the prevalence of experienced harm and 2) the correlates of harm. Method The data comprise 18ȓ69-year olds who participated in general population surveys in Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, and Scotland during the period 2008–2013. Comparative data were available on five types of harm: physical abuse, damage of clothes/belongings, verbal abuse, being afraid, and being kept awake at night. Results This study shows that harms from other's drinking are commonly experienced in all six countries. Being kept awake at night is the most common harm, while being physically harmed is the least common. The proportions that reported at least one of the five problems were highest in Finland and Iceland and lowest in Norway, but also relatively low in Sweden. Across countries, the level of harm was highest among young, single, urban residents, and for some countries among women and those who frequently drank to intoxication themselves. Conclusions The study revealed large differences in the prevalence of harm in countries with fairly similar drinking cultures. However, the correlates of such experiences were similar across countries. Possible explanations of the findings are discussed, including differences in study design.

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