First report of Ethiopian tobacco bushy top virus and its associated satellite RNA in mixed infection with Potato virus Y infecting Solanum betacea in Kenya

Mixed infection with the SON41 strain of Potato virus Y (PVY-SON41) in tomato increased accumulation of RNAs of strains Fny and LS of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV-Fny and CMV-LS, respectively) and enhanced disease symptoms. By contrast, replication of PVY-SON41 was downregulated by CMV-Fny and this was due to the CMV-Fny 2b protein. The CMV-FnyΔ2b mutant was unable to systemically invade the tomato plant because its movement was blocked at the bundle sheath of the phloem. The function needed for invading the phloem was complemented by PVY-SON41 in plants grown at 22°C whereas this complementation was not necessary in plants grown at 15°C. Mutations in the 2b protein coding sequence of CMV-Fny as well as inhibition of translation of the 2a/2b overlapping region of the 2a protein lessened both the accumulation of viral RNAs and the severity of symptoms. Both of these functions were complemented by PVY-SON41. Infection of CMV-Fny supporting replication of the Tfn-satellite RNA reduced the accumulation of CMV RNA and suppressed symptom expression also in plants mixed-infected with PVY-SON41. The interaction between CMV and PVY-SON41 in tomato exhibited different features from that documented in other hosts. The results of this work are relevant from an ecological and epidemiological perspective due to the frequency of natural mixed infection of CMV and PVY in tomato.

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Expression of symptoms, viral coat protein and silencing suppressor gene during mixed infection of a N–Wi strain of potato virus Y and an asymptomatic strain of potato virus X

VirusDisease ◽

10.1007/s13337-014-0204-1 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 314-321 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

D. M. J. B. Senanayake ◽

B. Mandal

Keyword(s):

Coat Protein ◽

Potato Virus ◽

Mixed Infection ◽

Potato Virus Y ◽

Potato Virus X ◽

Suppressor Gene ◽

Silencing Suppressor ◽

Viral Coat Protein ◽

Viral Coat

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Molecular Characterization of Potato Virus Y (PVY) Using High-Throughput Sequencing: Constraints on Full Genome Reconstructions Imposed by Mixed Infection Involving Recombinant PVY Strains

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10040753 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 753

Author(s):

Miroslav Glasa ◽

Richard Hančinský ◽

Katarína Šoltys ◽

Lukáš Predajňa ◽

Jana Tomašechová ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Throughput ◽

Potato Virus ◽

Mixed Infection ◽

High Throughput Sequencing ◽

Potato Virus Y ◽

De Novo ◽

Sweet Pepper ◽

Complete Sequence ◽

Genome Region ◽

Mapping Parameters

In recent years, high throughput sequencing (HTS) has brought new possibilities to the study of the diversity and complexity of plant viromes. Mixed infection of a single plant with several viruses is frequently observed in such studies. We analyzed the virome of 10 tomato and sweet pepper samples from Slovakia, all showing the presence of potato virus Y (PVY) infection. Most datasets allow the determination of the nearly complete sequence of a single-variant PVY genome, belonging to one of the PVY recombinant strains (N-Wi, NTNa, or NTNb). However, in three to-mato samples (T1, T40, and T62) the presence of N-type and O-type sequences spanning the same genome region was documented, indicative of mixed infections involving different PVY strains variants, hampering the automated assembly of PVY genomes present in the sample. The N- and O-type in silico data were further confirmed by specific RT-PCR assays targeting UTR-P1 and NIa genomic parts. Although full genomes could not be de novo assembled directly in this situation, their deep coverage by relatively long paired reads allowed their manual re-assembly using very stringent mapping parameters. These results highlight the complexity of PVY infection of some host plants and the challenges that can be met when trying to precisely identify the PVY isolates involved in mixed infection.

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Molecular Characterization of Recombinant Strains of Potato virus Y From Saudi Arabia

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-05-15-0562-re ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 100 (2) ◽

pp. 292-297 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Mohamad Chikh-Ali ◽

Hayam Alruwaili ◽

Dalton Vander Pol ◽

Alexander V. Karasev

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Saudi Arabia ◽

Seed Potato ◽

Potato Virus ◽

Potato Virus Y ◽

The United States ◽

Tuber Quality ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

First Report ◽

Recombinant Strains

Potato virus Y (PVY) exists as a complex of strains, many of which are recombinants. The practical importance of PVY recombinant strains has increased due to their ability to induce potato tuber necrotic ring spot disease (PTNRD) that seriously affects tuber quality. In Saudi Arabia, potato production has increased fivefold during the last three decades, reaching 460,000 tons per year. Although PVY has been reported as one of the main viruses affecting potatoes, no information is available on PVY strains circulating in the country. In August 2014, a survey was conducted in a seed potato field at Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia. PVY-positive samples selected based on visual symptoms and serological reactivity were subjected to strain typing using multiplex RT-PCR assays and were determined to represent recombinant PVY strains. Whole genome sequences were determined for two representative isolates, S2 and S9, through direct sequencing of a series of overlapping RT-PCR fragments for each isolate, and found to represent strains PVY-NE11 and PVYZ (SYR-III), respectively. One of the recombinant types, SYR-III, was previously found in nearby Syria and Jordan, but the second recombinant, PVY-NE11, was found before only in the United States. Both recombinants, PVY-NE11 and SYR-III, were previously found associated with PTNRD and thought to be rare. The current identification of PVY-NE11 and SYR-III in seed potato in a new geographic region suggests that these recombinants may not be as rare as previously believed. This is the first report on the occurrence of recombinant strains of PVY in potato in Saudi Arabia, and the first report on the PVY-NE11 strain of PVY found in potato outside of the United States.

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First Report of Potato virus Y (PVY) Strain PVYC Associated with a Tomato Disease in Kenya

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-08-15-0890-pdn ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 100 (4) ◽

pp. 864 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

M. Chikh-Ali ◽

R. A. Naidu ◽

A. V. Karasev

Keyword(s):

Potato Virus ◽

Potato Virus Y ◽

First Report ◽

Tomato Disease

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First Report of Potato virus Y Strain N-Wilga Infecting Chrysanthemum in China

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-02-14-0154-pdn ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 98 (11) ◽

pp. 1589-1589 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

X. L. Liu ◽

Q. Wei ◽

B. Hong ◽

X. T. Zhao

Keyword(s):

Mosaic Virus ◽

Potato Virus ◽

Potato Virus Y ◽

Chrysanthemum Morifolium ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Pcr Assay ◽

First Report ◽

Chlorotic Mottle ◽

Leaf Yellowing ◽

Chrysanthemum Morifolium Ramat

Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.) is a commercially important ornamental grown worldwide, and is also extensively used as an edible and medicinal plant. In the present work, viruses and viroids infecting chrysanthemum were investigated in China in 2012 and 2013. Typical viral symptoms were observed in field-grown chrysanthemum with leaf yellowing and mottled leaves in Wenjiang District, Sichuan Province, China. The incidence of these symptoms in the field was 12.3%. Chrysanthemum virus B (CVB), Tomato aspermy virus (TAV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Tobacoo mosaic virus (TMV), Chrysanthemum stunt viroid (CSVd), and Chrysanthemum chlorotic mottle viroid (CChMVd), which had previously been reported to infect chrysanthemum in China (2,3), were not detected by RT-PCR assay. Since these symptomatic chrysanthemum plants grew next to a tobacco field, viruses affecting tobacco were suspected as possible cause. Sixteen symptomatic leaves and 12 non-symptomatic leaves were collected and tested for Potato virus Y (PVY) presence using commercial PVY-specific DAS-ELISA kits (Catalog no. PSA20001, Agdia) Six samples were found positive for PVY. RT-PCR tests using specific primers for CP gene (CP-F 5′-ACTGTGATGAATGGGCTTATG-3′; CP-R 5′-GGCATATATGGTTCCTTTTTG-3′) (4) amplified a single, expected 218-bp DNA fragment from chrysanthemum extracts from all six samples positive for PVY in ELISA. These six PCR fragments were sequenced and found 100% identical to each other. The sequence (GenBank Accession No. KJ174515) shared 99% identity with corresponding sequences of several PVY isolates (NC_001616, EF026076, HM590407, and JQ924288). The same six positive samples were subjected to a multiplex RT-PCR assay (1) to identify the PVY strain type, and all six PVY samples from Sichuan were found to belong to the PVYN-Wi strain. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the PVYN-Wi strain infecting chrysanthemum in Sichuan, China. References: (1) M. Chikh Ali et al. Plant Dis. 10:1370, 2013. (2) E. A. Nassar et al. Int. J. Virol. 8:14, 2012. (3) H. Yamamoto et al. J. Gen. Plant Pathol. 71:156, 2005. (4) J. Q. Zhang et al. J. Phytopathol. 161:92, 2013.

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